Prevalence of depression among medical students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Abstract Background: Undiagnosed depression among university students has an adverse effect on the wellbeing and academic performance of students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among Debre Birhan university students. Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional study design is conducted in Debre Birhan University from April to June 2013 E.C. Three hundred sixty nine students participated in this study which was selected by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using a self-administered PHQ-9 standard depression questionnaire. First the data was entered into in Epidata 3.1 and then was exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Associated factors were identified using binary logistic regression and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors with the outcome variables. Result: All of the study subjects were between ages 18 and 33 with a mean age of 22.65 9 ± 2.78. The overall prevalence of depression is 17.1%. Among this according to PHQ-9 scores cut scores, 161(43.6 %) scored as normal (0–4), 145(39.3%) scored as mild (5–9), 53(14.4%) scored as moderate (10–14), 4(1.1%) scored as moderately severe (15–19) and 6(1.6%) students scored as sever (> 20). In multivariate analysis being female AOR = 9.28[3.47–24.81], academic year AOR = 0.236[0.059–0.936], smoking 26.3[9.33–74.1] and alcohol use AOR of 2.62[0.95–7.21] are significantly associated with depression. Conclusion and recommendation: This study found a considerable proportion of undergraduate students with depression. Higher institutions need to pay special attention to students especially those who are female, junior students, smokers and alcohol users.

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Frequency and Severity of Imposter Syndrome among Medical Students of a Private Medical College

Journal of Shalamar Medical & Dental College - JSHMDC ◽

10.53685/jshmdc.v1i2.56 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 3-8

Author(s):

Ambreen Khalid ◽

Adeela Shahid ◽

Khalid Rahim Khan

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Female Students ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Medical Undergraduate ◽

Degree Of Severity

Background: Students suffering from imposter syndrome/phenomenon (IP) consider themselves less competent and less skill full as compared to the abilities they actually possess. Although previous research has identified different causes of stress and burnout less research has been conducted to determine the frequency of imposter syndrome among medical undergraduate students. Objectives: (1) To determine the frequency and the degree of severity of Imposter syndrome among medical students. (2) To find out the association of Gender with imposter syndrome. (3) To evaluate the difference in the severity of imposter syndrome between 1st and 2nd-year MBBS students. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 1st and 2nd-year MBBS students of Shalamar Medical and Dental College, Lahore. A convenient sampling technique was used. The study instrument used was a validated questionnaire (Clance IP Scale) containing 20 items with 5 points Likert scale. By adding up the score, the degree of severity is determined. Frequencies & percentages were determined, chi-square applied, p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: One hundred and 40 students filled the IP Scale questionnaire. The frequency of imposter syndrome was 53.3% among medical students. The majority (85%) of the medical students had frequent to intense imposter characteristics. A higher number of female students was affected by imposter phenomenon as compared to males. Greater number of 1st-year students were suffering from imposter syndrome as compared to 2nd-year students. Conclusions: Frequency of imposter syndrome was high among medical students. Its severity ranges from moderate to frequent IP categories in majority of students. Female students were affected more as compared to their male counterparts.

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Prevalence of depression and its association with parental neglect among adolescents at governmental high schools of Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: A cross sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.17823/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Enguday Tirfeneh ◽

Mengesha Srah

Keyword(s):

High Schools ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mental Illnesses ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Parental Neglect ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Abstract Background depression is one of the most serious and prevalent mental illnesses that can result in serious disability and ending life by committing suicide and homicide. The risks of having depression are substantially higher in persons who have parental neglect when compared to the general population.Objective To detect prevalence of depression and its association with parental neglect among adolescents in governmental high schools at Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia 2019Method A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1-30/2019 at Aksum town high schools. Public health questionnaire was used in this study to detect Depression. Study participants were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected with face to face interview. Data was analyzed using statistical package for social science version 22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to see the association between depression and parental neglect. Adjusted Odds ratio at a p-value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval was taken to declare statistical significance of variables.

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The Influence of Gender on the Choice of Radiology as a Specialty Among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Study

Interactive Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.2196/14666 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. e14666 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ahmed H Abduljabbar ◽

Sara F Alnajjar ◽

Hussein Alshamrani ◽

Lujain F Bashamakh ◽

Hisham Z Alshehri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Specialty Choice ◽

Female Students ◽

University Hospital ◽

Male Students ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

Background Medical undergraduates are the future doctors of the country. Therefore, determining how medical students choose their areas of specialty is essential to obtain a balanced distribution of physicians among all specialties. Although gender is a significant factor that affects specialty choice, the factors underlying gender differences in radiology are not fully elucidated. Objective This study examined the factors that attracted medical students to and discouraged them from selecting diagnostic radiology and analyzed whether these factors differed between female and male medical students. Methods This cross-sectional study conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, used an electronic questionnaire sent to medical students from all medical years during February 2018. Subgroup analyses for gender and radiology interest were performed using the chi-square test and Cramér’s V test. Results In total, 539 students (276 women; 263 men) responded. The most common factor preventing students from choosing radiology as a career was the lack of direct patient contact, which deterred approximately 47% who decided against considering this specialty. Negative perceptions by other physicians (P<.001), lack of acknowledgment by patients (P=.004), and lack of structured radiology rotations (P=.007) dissuaded significantly more male students than female students. Among those interested in radiology, more female students were attracted by job flexibility (P=.01), while more male students were attracted by focused patient interactions with minimal paperwork (P<.001). Conclusions No significant difference was found between the genders in terms of considering radiology as a specialty. Misconception plays a central role in students’ judgment regarding radiology. Hence, early exposure to radiology, assuming a new teaching method, and using a curriculum that supports the active participation of students in a radiology rotation are needed to overcome this misconception.

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Status of self-esteem in medical students of a college in Kathmandu: A descriptive cross sectional study

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.72824.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 1031

Author(s):

Bikal Shrestha ◽

Stuti Yadav ◽

Subodh Dhakal ◽

Pooja Ghimire ◽

Yubika Shrestha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Institutional Review ◽

The Status

Background: Self-esteem is vital to living a happy, confident and content life. Medical students experience various forms of stress due to academic, financial and social pressures which could affect their levels of self-esteem. This study aims to study the status of self-esteem among undergraduates of a medical college at Tribhuvan University, Nepal. Methods: After receiving the ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (IRC) of NAIHS; we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among the first- to fifth-year medical students from December 2020 to April 2021. 190 were selected for the study using a stratified random sampling technique. This study used the Rosenberg self-esteem scale to measure self–esteem of the participants. A Google Forms questionnaire was sent to the participants via email. Then, the data obtained were entered in the Google sheet and later analyzed using SPSS 27. A Chi-square test was used to identify potential differences in self-esteem scores among different variables. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: This study included a total of 180 participants, among which, 18.9% (13.19% to 24.61%; at 95% CI) students showed low self -esteem. 74.4% (68.02% to 80.78%; at 95% CI) students had normal self-esteem and 6.7% (3.05% to 10.35%; at 95% CI) students had high self-esteem. The mean self-esteem score was 19.19 (15.01 to 23.37; at 95% CI). Female participants suffered more than males from low self-esteem, and third-year students had the highest percentage of low self-esteem (30.77%). Conclusion: The majority (74.4%) of medical students had normal self-esteem. However, 18.9% students had low self-esteem, among which, third-year students suffered the most (30.77%). Likewise, females exhibited higher prevalence of low self-esteem compared to males. Interventions to boost the level of self-esteem should be carried out to help medical students become confident and efficient doctors.

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Depression among medical students in Alexandria, Egypt

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v20i3.47 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 1416-1425

Author(s):

Wafaa Ihab Hafez Elsawy ◽

Aida Aly Reda Sherif ◽

Medhat Salah El Din Attia ◽

Nessrin Ahmed El- Nimr

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Stressful Life Event ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Female Gender ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

High Rate ◽

Social Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Background: Depression is a common illness worldwide with high rate among medical students. The objectives were to estimate the prevalence of depression among medical students in Alexandria, and identify its correlates. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. The study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria Uni- versity. Using a systematic random sampling technique, 390 students attending 4th, 5th, and 6th academic years were included. Data was collected using the Arabic version of the BDI-II and a predesigned structured self-administered questionnaire, including questions about the students’ personal and social characteristics and academic environment. Results: Moderate and severe depression accounted for 27.9% and 17.2%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis results showed that the independent predictors for moderate and severe depression were female gender, the presence of mental illness, not having someone to talk to when under stress, experiencing stressful life event(s) during the previous 6 months, not being satisfied with the socioeconomic level, reporting that the surrounding environment is not suitable for studying, not specifying a grade to achieve, and extreme dissatisfaction with the student’s result. Conclusion: Prevalence of moderate and severe depression was high among medical students, calling for actions to help those students and to prevent new cases. Keywords: BDI-II; depression; determinants; medical students; prevalence.

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Is depression a concern among medical students: a cross sectional study in different academic years of a private medical college in Bangladesh

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20203663 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 3177

Author(s):

Farzana Hamid ◽

Syed Ahmad Moosa ◽

Syed Moosa M.A. Quaium ◽

A. K. Fazlul Haque

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Major Depression ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

North East ◽

Moderate Depression ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Background: Depression is not uncommon among medical students all over the world. Few studies have been conducted so far in Bangladesh to depict its actual prevalence and severity. So, the aim of this study was to assess the severity of depression and the level of difficulty faced by medical students in different academic years.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in North East medical college of Bangladesh from January 2018 to June 2018 involving 443 students from 1st year to 5th year. Students were instructed to fill up the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) which incorporates diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV) depression diagnostic criteria categorized as no, mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression and also evaluates their level of function.Results: The prevalence of depression was quite high (79.68%). 196 (44.24%) and 157 (35.44%) students had mild and major depression respectively, while 90 (20.32%) showed no depression. Students with major depression were scored as moderate depression 24.38%, moderately severe depression 8.35%, and severe depression 2.71%. Moderate depression was significantly higher in year 1 and year 2 students in comparison to year 3, 4 and 5. Students from year 1 to year 5 with mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe depression experienced varying degree of difficulty in their daily activities. Almost all the students in all years with severe depression found themselves very difficult or extremely difficult to cope.Conclusions: High prevalence of depression among medical students is really alarming and underlying factors need to be addressed.

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The Influence of Gender on the Choice of Radiology as a Specialty Among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.14666 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed H Abduljabbar ◽

Sara F Alnajjar ◽

Hussein Alshamrani ◽

Lujain F Bashamakh ◽

Hisham Z Alshehri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Specialty Choice ◽

Female Students ◽

University Hospital ◽

Male Students ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

BACKGROUND Medical undergraduates are the future doctors of the country. Therefore, determining how medical students choose their areas of specialty is essential to obtain a balanced distribution of physicians among all specialties. Although gender is a significant factor that affects specialty choice, the factors underlying gender differences in radiology are not fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE This study examined the factors that attracted medical students to and discouraged them from selecting diagnostic radiology and analyzed whether these factors differed between female and male medical students. METHODS This cross-sectional study conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, used an electronic questionnaire sent to medical students from all medical years during February 2018. Subgroup analyses for gender and radiology interest were performed using the chi-square test and Cramér’s V test. RESULTS In total, 539 students (276 women; 263 men) responded. The most common factor preventing students from choosing radiology as a career was the lack of direct patient contact, which deterred approximately 47% who decided against considering this specialty. Negative perceptions by other physicians (P<.001), lack of acknowledgment by patients (P=.004), and lack of structured radiology rotations (P=.007) dissuaded significantly more male students than female students. Among those interested in radiology, more female students were attracted by job flexibility (P=.01), while more male students were attracted by focused patient interactions with minimal paperwork (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS No significant difference was found between the genders in terms of considering radiology as a specialty. Misconception plays a central role in students’ judgment regarding radiology. Hence, early exposure to radiology, assuming a new teaching method, and using a curriculum that supports the active participation of students in a radiology rotation are needed to overcome this misconception.

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How Large is The Burden of Depression in A Medical School? A Cross-Sectional Study Among Medical Students in Nigeria

10.21203/rs.3.rs-93467/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Edmund Ndudi Ossai ◽

Irene Ifeyinwa Eze ◽

Rejoice Chinecherem Onyenakazi ◽

Elias Ifeyinwa Ugebe ◽

Basil C Eze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Medical School ◽

Medical Curriculum ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Abstract Background: Mental health of students deteriorate when they begin studies in a medical school and remains poor throughout the period of training. Notwithstanding that medical students of today are the physicians of tomorrow who need to have stable mental health for effective performance, mental status of this group have not been adequately explored in the Nigeria context. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and associated factors among medical students in Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on all matriculated medical students of Ebonyi state University Abakaliki, Nigeria. Information was obtained from 522 medical students that were eligible to participate in the study using self-administered structured questionnaire. Becks Depression Inventory was used to determine the prevalence of depression. Chi square test was used in the analysis to ascertain association between variables. Level of statistical significance was determined by a p value of <0.05.Results: Mean age of the students was 23.2±3.3 years and majority, 60.2% were males. Prevalence of depression was 17.4%. Third-year class (major examination class) had the highest proportion of students who were depressed, 24.2% while final year class had the least, 8.8%. Coping mechanisms for low moods included sleeping, 50.4% and having interactions with colleagues, 46.9%. Factors associated with depression included being <25 years, (p=0.008), being in clinical school, (p=0.023) and being afraid some students may not graduate from medical school, (p=0.030).Conclusions: Burden of depression was high among the students and most pronounced among third year students. There is need for proper orientation of newly admitted medical students on the medical curriculum by authorities of the university. Medical students preparing for major examinations should be well supported and encouraged by their colleagues and efforts should be made to decrease undue anxiety among the students. Adequate measures should be put in place for early detection and prompt management of cases of depression among the students.

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Prevalence and factors associated to depression among Debrebirhan University students: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-776940/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marishet Agumasie Tamene ◽

Biruk Dagne

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Considerable Proportion ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Debre Birhan

Abstract Background: Undiagnosed depression among university students has an adverse effect on the wellbeing and academic performance of students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among Debre Birhan university students. Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional study design is conducted in Debre Birhan University from April to June 2013 E.C. Three hundred sixty nine students participated in this study which was selected by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using a self-administered PHQ-9 standard depression questionnaire. First the data was entered into in Epidata 3.1 and then was exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Associated factors were identified using binary logistic regression and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors with the outcome variables. Result: All of the study subjects were between ages 18 and 33 with a mean age of 22.65 9 ± 2.78. The overall prevalence of depression is 17.1%. Among this according to PHQ-9 scores cut scores, 161(43.6 %) scored as normal (0–4), 145(39.3%) scored as mild (5–9), 53(14.4%) scored as moderate (10–14), 4(1.1%) scored as moderately severe (15–19) and 6(1.6%) students scored as sever (> 20). In multivariate analysis being female AOR = 9.28[3.47–24.81], academic year AOR = 0.236[0.059–0.936], smoking 26.3[9.33–74.1] and alcohol use AOR of 2.62[0.95–7.21] are significantly associated with depression. Conclusion and recommendation: This study found a considerable proportion of undergraduate students with depression. Higher institutions need to pay special attention to students especially those who are female, junior students, smokers and alcohol users.

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