scholarly journals Periods of ammonium nitrate application during the cultivation of soft winter wheat variety Krasa Dona in the southern part of the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-751
Author(s):  
А. A. Sukharev ◽  
G. V. Ovsyannikova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Winter Wheat Variety ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

The studies were carried out in the southern part of the Rostov region in 2017-2019 on typical carbonate chernozem. Studied was the efficiency of periods of ammonium nitrate application (N30, N30+30 ) in autumn when the vegetation season is finished, in spring in the thawed soil, and during the tillering phaseon the yield and quality of winter wheat grain of Krasa Dona variety by different seed sowing rates (500, 600, 700 pcs/m2). Soft winter wheat variety Krasa Donacultivated after sunflower has shown a good reaction to double nitrogen top-dressing in autumn and in spring (N30 in autumn when the autumn growing season is finished + N30 in spring on thawed soil). In this variant there has been formed the largest yield of 6.09-6.18 t/ha. The productivity excess over the control variant (without nitrogen top-dressings) was 2.38-2.63 t/ha, depending on the seeding rate, which significantly exceeded the level of LSD05 in the experiment (LSD05 = 0.24 t/ha). In addition, in this variant with the seeding rate of 500 pcs/m2 the maximum economic efficiency was obtained. The profitability was 121.3 %, and the contingent net income was 34,268 rub/ha. The application of nitrogen fertilizing provided an increase in the mass of 1000 grains to 42.6-43.0 g (39.8-40.2 g in the control) and increased the gluten content in the grain to 20.5-21.8 % (18.6-18.8 % in the control).

scholarly journals The choice of the terms and methods of nitrogen additional fertilizing for winter bread wheat in the southern part of the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
A. A. Sukharev ◽  
G. M. Zelenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Scattering Method ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Productivity Increase ◽  
Control Variant

The current paper has presented the results of three years’ study (2012–2014) of the application of various terms and methods of nitrogen additional fertilizing for the winter bread wheat variety “Stanichnaya”. There has been studied efficiency of various terms and methods of nitrogen additional fertilizing with various forecrops. There has been identified an effect of these additional fertilizing on winter bread wheat productivity according to the forecrops. In the control variant, the productivity of the variety according to the forecrop depended greatly on the forecrops: 5.52 t/ha (weedfree fallow), 5.26 t/ha (peas), 4.29 t/ha (maize for grains) and 3.57 t/ha (winter wheat). There has been identified large productivity in the autumn ammonium nitrate fertilizing by the scattering method (in all variants of the forecrops), the productivity raised on 0.38–0.73 t/ha. The study has shown that the economic effect of the ammonium nitrate fertilizing in the autumn was also at maximum profitability, 76–154%, and the conditional net income was 10 675–22 955 rubles/ha. The efficiency of ammonium nitrate fertilizing by the scattering method in the spring on thawed/frozen soil was lower, the productivity increase ranged from 0.21 t/ha sown after peas to 0.65 t/ha sown after maize. Root additional fertilizing with a seeder gave a positive effect only when the variety was sown after for winter wheat and maize, in that case the productivity increase was 0.52 t/ha and 0.46 t/ha, respectively. The conditional net income in these variants exceeded the control variant on 1574–2123 rubles/ha. Carbamide (urea) additional fertilizing was only effective for the variety sown after maize, where the productivity increase was 0.40 t/ha, but profitability (100%) and conditional net income (16 593 rubles/ha) were lower than with ammonium nitrate fertilizing by the scattering method in the spring (112% and 18 080 rubles/ha respectively).

scholarly journals SOFT WINTER WHEAT VARIETY YUVIVATA 60 AS A PERSPECTIVE FOR GRAIN PRODUCTION AND SELECTION FOR ADAPTABILITY AND SUSCEPTABILITY TO PHOTOPERIOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 97-132
Author(s):  
T.Z. MOSKALETS ◽  
V.V. MOSKALETS ◽  
V.I. MOSKALETS ◽  
N.M. BUNIAK ◽  
YU.M. BARAT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Winter Wheat Variety ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Photosynthetic Productivity ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Capacity ◽  
Yellow Stripe

Soft winter wheat variety Yuvivata 60 has been characterized according to its economically valuable indices. Its morphological features and biological characteristics have been described. The uniqueness of the Yuvivata 60 genotype has been determined. It is related to a number of ontogenetical peculiarities, ecological and adaptive mechanisms: high ecological plasticity of plants due to genetical heterogeneity that proves inhomogeneity of phenetic markers – spectres of proteins-gliadins, high crop capacity of grain (with the potential of 10 tonnes/hectare) due to high reproductive ability, viz.: multifloweredness (up to 60 flowers in an ear), multispiculateness (up to 23) and ear grain content (96%); high quality of grain (with the amount of protein up to 16%, gluten up to 34%); forming a strong root system (prolonged coleoptile – up to 6 cm, deep and branched bedding of primary and secondary radicles in spring with optimal sowing terms between 25–30 September); medium photoperiod susceptibility and highly active renewal of spring bunch-formation (the variety of prolonged daylight hours); synchronic development of spring shoots (low percentage of aftersprings, earless stems); high photosynthetic productivity of crops (7 g/m2/day conditioned by continuous functioning of the leaf apparatus of the first and second layers, awns and ear); resistance to lodging side by side with medium-growth and high crop capacity of the grain due to a strong and incrassate stem; high resistance to sprouting within the ear (caused by a long latent period); resistance to pests and pathogenic agents of fungus infections, viz. septoriose, yellow stripe rust and various kinds of brand (8–9 points), medium resistance to leaf and stem rust, as well as oidium (5–7 points); high resistance to anomalies of climatope in the autumn-winter and spring-summer periods (drought resistance 8–9 points, winter and frost resistance above average – 7 points). Keywords soft winter wheat, high crop capacity, agricultural and ecological peculiarities, economically valuable characteristics, donor of determining insusceptibility to photoperiod.

Potential of grain productivity and quality of modern winter wheat variety to Orel Region conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (72) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Alexander Amelin ◽  
◽  
Evgeniy Chekalin ◽  
Valery Zaikin ◽  
Roman Ikusov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Winter Wheat Variety ◽  
Grain Productivity

PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETY GRAIN IN CONDITIONSOF MIDDLE VOLGA REGION STEPPE

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Маслова ◽  
Galina Maslova ◽  
Лавренникова ◽  
Olga Lavrennikova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Winter Wheat Variety ◽  
Middle Volga

The purpose of research is to increase the productivity and quality of winter wheat variety trials competitive grain varieties, depending on weather conditions. Studied varieties: Povolzhskaya 86, Kinel’skaya 8, Povolzhskaya niva, Konstantinovskaya. Varieties cultivated by traditional technology, the fresh pair. The data for the 2012-2015 biennium. Grain quality was assessed a number of indicators that characterize its physico-chemical and technological properties: nature grain, vitreous, the strength of flour, protein content, adhesive wine. The maximum value in terms of nature is characterized by grain corn all classes in 2013 and 2014 (782-816 g/l). The high rate of vitreous grains observed in 2012, 2014, 2015 (72-92%). Good data on the same data obtained for the protein content, wet gluten flour strength. It was found that the environmental conditions during the formation and ripening of grain in years of research have a significant impact on productivity and ka-honors winter wheat. The study group of varieties set up in the laboratory breeding and seed, has a rapid rate of accumulation of dry matter. They are adapted to the formation of us, full grain in the conditions of unstable arid climate of the Middle Volga region.

Productivity of Кazanskaya 560 winter wheat variety, depending on fertilizers and soil nutrient

10.12737/2439 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Сабирова ◽  
Razina Sabirova ◽  
Шакиров ◽  
Rafil Shakirov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Soil Nutrient Status ◽  
Winter Wheat Variety ◽  
Available Nutrients

The article discusses the influence of the main fertilizer in combination with additional fertilizing on the feeding regime of soil and productivity of “Kazanskaya 560” winter wheat variety. The provision of soil with available nutrients is achieved through the rational use of fertilizers in crop rotations. In 2010-2012 an additional fertilizing by Humate “Bioplant Flora” at a rate of 2 litre per hectare in autumn increased yield to 4.6-5.5 centner per hectare, depending on the background of the basic fertilizer. Additional spring fertilizing in early plant growth by Bioplant Flora on the background of autumn feeding practically does not increase the yield of winter wheat. Fertilizing with ammonium nitrate at a rate of 1.5 center in share weight per hectare increased the average yield to 2.1-2.4 tons per hectare for the period 2010-2012, depending on the background of the main treatment. In favorable 2011 it increased the yield to 1.5-3.5 centner per hectare. Adding NPK at sowing in rows at 1 centner per hectare in share weight increases yields to 3.5 centner per hectare without feeding, to 7.5 centner per hectare with the autumn fertilizing by Bioplant Flora, to 5.6 centner per hectare with the spring fertilizing with ammonium nitrate, comparing with the background without fertilizers. Thus, the differential application of the basic fertilizer, combined with fertilizing, improves the soil nutrient status and facilitates the formation of a predetermined amount of yield.

scholarly journals QUALITY INDICATORS OF WINTER SOFT WHEAT VARIETIES IN ECOLOGICAL VARIETY TRIALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
S.V. Podgorny ◽  
◽  
O.V. Skripka ◽  
A.P. Samofalov ◽  
S.N. Gromova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Variety Trials ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Gluten Content

Improving the quality of wheat grain is an important task of agricultural production. In recent years, the production of strong and valuable wheat, necessary for the production of high-quality baking flour, has decreased. In this regard, the study of the quality of grain varieties of winter wheat in specific soil and climatic conditions of the Rostov region is becoming topical. Therefore, the purpose of our research was to study the main indicators of grain quality of varieties of soft winter wheat (protein and gluten content, flour strength, bread size from 100 g of flour) in ecological variety trials to select the best under conditions of the Rostov region. The studies were carried out on the trial fields of the Laboratory of selection and seed production of winter soft wheat of intensive type of the State Scientific Establishment “Agricultural research center «Donskoy»” (Rostov region) in 2014–2016. Seventy-five varieties were studied in the course of the research. Planting dates – optimal for implementation of agricultural and agro-technical measures. Planter – «Wintersteiger Plotseed S.» Seed placement depth – 4–6 cm. Preceding crop – black fallow. Accounting square of fields – 10 m2, double replication. Seeding rate – 4.5 million seeds per hectare. Grain quality was assessed according to the methods of the national standards of the Russian Federation. Such grain quality indicators as gluten content (according to GOST R 54478-2011), protein mass fraction (as required by GOST 108460-91), baking properties of flour (in a laboratory using the remix method) were determined. The article discusses the main indicators of the quality of grain and flour of winter soft wheat varieties in ecological variety testing and compares them. Analysis of the main indicators of the quality of varieties in trials showed that in the south of the Rostov region in 2014–2016 flour strength and gluten content were the most variable indicators. In terms of protein content (> 14.5 %), 8.0 % of the studied varieties were in full compliance with strong wheat standards; by the gluten content (> 28 %) – 7.0 %; by the flour strength (>280 e.a.) – 9.0 %. Five varieties of winter soft wheat: ‘Aksinya’, ‘Tanais’, ‘Asket’, ‘Nakhodka’, ‘Yumpa’ (Russia) with a complex of economically valuable traits are of greater interest for practical breeding in terms of improving grain quality.

scholarly journals GRAIN QUALITY OF NEW WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES SELECTED BY NORTH-CAUCASUS RESEARCH AGRICULTURAL CENTER

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
N. A. Galushko ◽  
N. M. Komarov ◽  
N. I. Sokolenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The article shows the research on grain quality which was conducted at North- Caucasus Scientific Agricultural Center 2015-2017. The research explored the grain quality of new soft winter wheat varieties. The grain belongs to own selections of soft winter wheat, particularly to Sekletiya, Zernetko 1, Tsaritsa and Liniya 1517. The authors focus on indicating the impact of certain factors on high-quality grain. Batko variety was applied as a standard. The soil of the experimental plot was black soil; the climate was moderate continental. The forecrop was pure steam. Before sowing, the authors applied complex mineral fertilizers dosed N40P60K40; in spring the researchers fertilized them with ammonium nitrate dosed26 kgof ammonium nitrate per hectare. The authors observed positive correlation between nature and flour strength qualities of grain (0,7-0,8); inverse relationship between the value of natural mass and IIR values (-0,79); dough elasticity to dough extensibility (-0,88); and baking absorption parameter (-0,85). Flour strength depends on protein quantity and quality (r = 0.79). The wheat varieties have shown different values of flour strength: Liniya 1517 and Zernetko 1 correspond to good filler (282-294 a.), Sekletiya, Tsaritsa and Batko (standard) correspond to satisfactory improver (312, 332,345 a.). Tsaritsa variety formed gluten of the first group during three years under different temperatures. This indicates the prevalence of protein glutenin fraction and capacity of strong wheat improver. The authors found out high correlation coefficient of sedimentation with the amount of gluten (r = 0.81) was found. The quality of winter wheat grain was affected by the arid conditions of grain loading in 2015 and overwetting in 2017. This prevented the varieties from showing up their capacities.

scholarly journals Blago soft winter wheat variety as a national heritage in breeding

2013 ◽  
Vol 0 (2(19)) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
П. М. Василюк ◽  
Р. А. Вожегова ◽  
А. П. Орлюк ◽  
Г. Г. Базалій ◽  
Л. О. Усик
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Winter Wheat Variety ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

THE EFFECT OF HERBICIDES AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN IN THE STEPPE ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA – ALANIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-752
Author(s):  
A.A. Tedeeva ◽  
◽  
D.M. Mamiev ◽  
V.V. Tedeeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Ossetia

In winter wheat crops, the fight against weeds, together with the use of mineral fertilizers, which increase the yield and quality of the crop by reducing the removal of nutrients from the soil, is an urgent production task. The purpose of the research is to develop methods for increasing the yield of winter wheat with the combined use of herbicides and mineral fertilizers. Field experiments were carried out in the steppe zone of the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania in 2017–2019. The soil of the plot is chestnut calcareous. Weather conditions during the years of the research were favorable. The object of research is the high-yielding winter wheat variety Utrish. Mineral fertilizers stimulate the vital activity of soil microorganisms and enhance the cycle of biological transformation of plant nutrients, and herbicides have an inhibitory effect on cellulose-decomposing microorganisms, which ultimately reduces the rate of cellulose decomposition. Cellulose decomposed most intensively on backgrounds where mineral fertilizers were used. In control variant 3, the determination period, cellulose decomposed by 29.8%, against an average background (N60P60K60) by 40.2%, and against an increased background (N90P90K90) – 43.6%. Herbicide Grench at a dose of 10 g/ha on backgrounds without fertilizers and with fertilizers in different doses ensured the death of weeds during the growing season by 76.6 ... 89.2%. The herbicide Luvaram (1.6 l/ha) also provided high weed death – 56.4–62.6%. The application of a tank mixture (Grench 5 g/ha + Luvaram 0.8 l/ha) reduced weed infestation of winter wheat crops by 85.3–89.2% on different backgrounds of fertilization. The highest yield and profitability in the experiment were noted in the variant of the combined use of mineral fertilizers and herbicides. The level of profitability against the background of medium doses of mineral fertilizers (N60P60K60) was 130–150%, and against an increased background (N90P90K90) – 149–169%.

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