INFLUÊNCIA DO SUBSTRATO E DA LUMINOSIDADE NA INFECÇÃO DE NEMATOIDES ENTOMOPATOGÊNICOS EM Galleria mellonella (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Andressa Lima de Brida ◽  
Silvia Renata Siciliano Wilcken ◽  
Luis Garrigós Leite
Keyword(s):  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

Nematoides entomopatogênicos (NEPs) são alternativas eficientes para o controle de pragas. O emprego de novas técnicas da produção in vivo, permite o progresso da tecnologia de formulação de bioinseticidas. O objetivo do trabalho, foi avaliar a influência da luminosidade e do substrato na capacidade de infecção de juvenis infectantes (JIs) de Steinernema brazilense IBCBn 06, Steinernema carpocapsae IBCBn 02, Steinernema feltiae IBCBn 47 e Heterorhabditis amazonensis IBCBn 24 em lagartas de Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos e oito repetições. As parcelas, constituídas por placa de Petri com, substrato-areia e substrato-papel filtro, com e sem luminosidade, inoculados com suspensão de 1,5 mL contendo 400JIs e quatro lagartas de G. mellonella. O número de JIs foi quantificado após a mortalidade das lagartas. A taxa de infecção de JIs de S. carpocapsae IBCBn 02 e S. feltiae IBCBn 47 variaram de 2,14 a 3,28 e de 11,04 a 13,09 JIs/lagarta. O substrato-areia com e sem luminosidade permitiu a maior taxa de infeção dos JIs de S. brazilense IBCBn 06 de 7,86 e 9,44 JIs/lagarta, e 13,49 JIs/lagarta com luminosidade para H. amazonensis IBCBn 24. O substrato-areia, permite a maior taxa de infecção por JIs de NEPs.

Effect of recycling temperature on the infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 2137-2141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganpat B. Jagdale ◽  
Roger Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Wax Moth

Four strains of entomopathogenic nematodes were recycled in vivo for 2 years at temperatures ranging from 10 to 25 °C, then the infectivity of their infective juveniles was compared. Infectivity was examined by measuring LC50 values for wax moth (Galleria mellonella) larvae at bioassay temperatures ranging from 5 to 25 °C. Of the four strains examined, only the Umeå and NF strains of Steinernema feltiae that had been recycled at 10 °C infected and killed the insects at a bioassay temperature of 5 °C. The Steinernema carpocapsae All and Steinernema riobravis TX strains were infective at 10 °C only when the recycling temperature was ≤ 20 °C. The infectivity of the two strains of S. feltiae at 10 or 15 °C was compromised by propagating them at higher temperatures (20–25 °C). The Umeå strain of S. feltiae displayed an impaired capacity to infect hosts at higher temperatures (20–25 °C) when recycled at lower (≤ 15 °C) temperatures. The capacity of these nematodes to adjust to different recycling temperatures is discussed in relation to their infectivity in different field situations.

scholarly journals A survey of entomopathogenic nematodes of the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae (Nematoda: Rhabditida) in the north-west of Iran

Nematology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naser Eivazian Kary ◽  
Gholamreza Niknam ◽  
Seyed Abolgasem Mohammadi ◽  
Christine Griffin ◽  
Mohammad Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time

AbstractDuring 2002-2004, a survey of entomopathogenic nematodes was conducted for the first time in Iran throughout the three provinces in the north-west of the country. Soil samples were tested for the presence of steinernematid and heterorhabditid nematodes by baiting with Galleria mellonella larvae. Of the 833 soil samples studied 27 were positive for entomopathogenic nematodes (3.2%), with 17 (2.0%) containing Heterorhabditis and ten (1.2%) Steinernema isolates. Morphological and molecular studies were carried out to characterise isolates. The Heterorhabditis isolates were identified as Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema as Steinernema carpocapsae, S. bicornutum and S. feltiae. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora was the most common species, which was isolated from 17 sites across the three provinces. Steinernema feltiae was the most common species of Steinernema, which was isolated from eight sites but in only two provinces. Steinernema carpocapsae and S. bicornutum were each isolated from only one site. Steinernema spp. were isolated mainly from orchards and grasslands but Heterorhabditis was isolated mainly from grasslands and alfalfa fields.

Influence ofSteinernema feltiae(Filipjev) Wouts, Mracek, Gerdin and Bedding DD136 strain on the humoral and haemocytic responses ofGalleria mellonella(L.) larvae to selected bacteria

Parasitology ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Dunphy ◽  
J. M. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Xenorhabdus Nematophilus ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

Examination of the short-term interaction of the haemocytes and lysozyme ofGalleria mellonellalarvae with the entomogenous nematodeSteinernema feltiaeDD136,in vitrorevealed that the nematodes did not reduce the adhesion ofBacillus subtilisorXenorhabdus nematophilussubsp.nematophilusto larval granulocytes or plasmatocytes. There was no evidence of humoral, sheath or cellular encapsulation ofS. feltiaein the haemolymphin vitroorin vivo. Compared with the phosphate-buffered saline-injected larvae the axenic nematodes did not alter the total or differential haemocyte counts during the initial 4 h of parasitism. The ability of the insect larvae to removeB. subtilisandX. nematophilusfrom the haemolymph was not influenced by axenicS. feltiae. The bacteria from the intestine of surface disinfected, monoxenically culturedS. feltiaeelevated the larval total haemocyte counts and damaged the haemocytes. The activity of larval lysozyme was not influenced by axenicS. feltiae.

EFFECT ON GROWTH AND ROOT NODULATION OF CLOVERS, TRIFOLIUM SPP., BY GALLERIA MELLONELLA (L.) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) INFECTED WITH STEINERNEMA CARPOCAPSAE (WEISER) (RHABDITA: STEINERNEMATIDAE) AND ITS SYMBIONT, XENORHABDUS NEMATOPHILUS POINAR AND THOMAS

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
D.C. Eidt ◽  
J.G. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Root Nodulation ◽  
Infected Insect ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Xenorhabdus Nematophilus ◽  
Poor Soil ◽  
Effect On Growth

AbstractRed and white clovers, Trifolium spp., were grown in nitrogen-poor soil containing cadavers of larval Galleria mellonella (L.) that were infected with Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) and its symbiont Xenorhabdus nematophilus Poinar and Thomas. Growth and root nodulation were not affected by the nematode treatment, leading us to conclude that they would not be impaired through the action of antimicrobial agents produced by Xenorhabdus spp. present in soils because of Xenorhabdus-infected insect cadavers.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES FOR CONTROL OF THE ERVA-MATE PEST HEDYPATHES BETULINUS (KLUG, 1825) (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE)

FLORESTA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Sandra Alves ◽  
Luis Francisco Angeli Alves ◽  
André Luis Pereira Fanti ◽  
Marilia Souza Alves
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Replication Capacity ◽  
Intensive Exploitation ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Plant Shoots

The intensive exploitation of “erva mate” (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) (Aquifoliaceae) has favored the emergence of pests, including Hedypathes betulinus. We evaluated 18 isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes in the Steinernema and Heterorhabditis genera for control of H. betulinus adults, and tested nematode in-vivo replication capacity in Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae. We also evaluated the effect of adjuvants for foliar application, and the efficiency of nematode isolates selected in erva mate seedlings in the greenhouse via application to soil and plant shoots. The PI and CB40 isolates showed the hgh virulence (92.5% insect mortality by both). The PI isolate showed low productivity in G. mellonella larvae, thus only CB40 was used in subsequent tests. Only emulsified vegetable oil adjuvant was compatible with nematodes. Soil application of nematodes proved ineffective; however, shoot application on erva mate seedlings showed significant mortality (82.5%) after exposure to the CB40 isolate without adjuvant.

Source of trait deterioration in entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae during in vivo culture

Nematology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar L. Bilgrami ◽  
Randy Gaugler ◽  
David I. Shapiro-Ilan ◽  
Byron J. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Impaired Performance ◽  
Trait Deterioration ◽  
The Stability

Abstract The stability of traits important for biological control was studied in the entomopathogenic nematode-bacteria complexes Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae. Five experimental lines of each species were subcultured for 20 serial passages in Galleria mellonella larvae to assess trait stability. Subculturing impaired performance of both H. bacteriophora and S. carpocapsae. Virulence, heat tolerance and fecundity deteriorated in all H. bacteriophora experimental lines, and four out of five experimental lines deteriorated in host-finding ability. All S. carpocapsae experimental lines deteriorated in heat tolerance and nictation, and four out of five experimental lines declined for reproductive capacity, whereas virulence declined in two experimental lines. Determination of whether trait deterioration was due to changes in nematode, bacteria, or both symbiotic partners was tested by exchanging nematodes or bacteria from control populations with nematodes or bacteria from the most deteriorated experimental lines and assessing trait recovery. The source of deterioration varied according to trait, but only the bacterial partner played a role in trait reductions for every trait and species, whereas the nematode was the main source only for S. carpocapsae nictation. These results emphasise the important role each symbiotic partner plays in the stability and expression of beneficial traits.

Desiccation and cold storage of Galleria mellonella cadavers and effects on in vivo production of Steinernema carpocapsae

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
Qing-zhou Feng ◽  
Xi-yang Cui ◽  
Ri-yue Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae

Immunosuppressive influence of parasitoid wasp Pimpla turionellae calyx fluid on host Galleria mellonella cell-mediated immune response and hemocyte viability

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Serhat Kaya ◽  
Fevzi Uçkan ◽  
Aylin Er
Keyword(s):  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Calyx Fluid

Abstract Endoparasitoid species devoid of symbiotic viruses inject secretions derived from their reproductive glands into their hosts during parasitism in order to avoid various immune responses of their hosts. Pimpla turionellae L. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) is an endoparasitoid that lacks polydnaviruses, and its venom has previously been shown to paralyze the host Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and suppress its immune reactions to ensure the egg survival. The present study demonstrates that another female-injected factor calyx fluid extracted from the P. turionellae ovary is also responsible for the suppression of G. mellonella immunity. The total hemocyte counts of G. mellonella decrease after treatment with calyx fluid in a concentration-dependent manner. Significant reductions in cell viability are also observed at all calyx fluid doses both in vivo and in vitro. The analyses of the beads injected into the insects as encapsulation targets revealed that the number of encapsulated beads reduced significantly compared to controls post-calyx fluid injection. The injection of the highest calyx fluid dose (1 female equivalent calyx) is sufficient to completely inhibit the strong encapsulation and melanization reactions of the last instar larvae 24 h post-injection. These results demonstrate that P. turionellae calyx fluid is required to regulate host immunity for successful parasitization.

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