A brown coal-based sorbent for water treatment for removal of humic substances: Optimization of the sorbent manufacturing process

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Veprikova ◽  
A. V. Rudkovsky ◽  
M. L. Shchipko
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Brown Coal ◽  
Manufacturing Process

"PARAMETERS’ INFLUENCE OF CRUSHING BROWN COAL TO THE EXTRACTION OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES "

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 204-209
Author(s):  
K.S. Votolin ◽  
◽  
S.I. Zherebtsov ◽  
M.Y. Klimovich ◽  
O.V. Smotrina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Brown Coal

Water Treatment Considerations–Aquatic Humus

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (S2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
E T Gjessing
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Aquatic Humus ◽  
Treatment Considerations

For several reasons the surface waters in cold climate areas are coloured due to humic substances. There are two major objections against humus in drinking water, the first is concerned with aesthetical and practical problems and the second is due to indirect negative health effects. There are essentially three different methods in use today for the removal or reduction of humus colour in water: (1) Addition of chemicals with the intention of reducing the “solubility”, (2) Addition of chemicals in order to bleach or mineralize the humus, and (3) Filtration with the intention of removal of coloured particles and some of the “soluble” colour. The treatment processes are discussed.

scholarly journals The Role of Catalytic Ozonation Processes on the Elimination of DBPs and Their Precursors in Drinking Water Treatment

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 521
Author(s):  
Fernando J. Beltrán ◽  
Ana Rey ◽  
Olga Gimeno
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Hypochlorous Acid ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Catalytic Ozonation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Halogen Compounds ◽  
Radiation Sources

Formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water treatment (DWT) as a result of pathogen removal has always been an issue of special attention in the preparation of safe water. DBPs are formed by the action of oxidant-disinfectant chemicals, mainly chlorine derivatives (chlorine, hypochlorous acid, chloramines, etc.), that react with natural organic matter (NOM), mainly humic substances. DBPs are usually refractory to oxidation, mainly due to the presence of halogen compounds so that advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are a recommended option to deal with their removal. In this work, the application of catalytic ozonation processes (with and without the simultaneous presence of radiation), moderately recent AOPs, for the removal of humic substances (NOM), also called DBPs precursors, and DBPs themselves is reviewed. First, a short history about the use of disinfectants in DWT, DBPs formation discovery and alternative oxidants used is presented. Then, sections are dedicated to conventional AOPs applied to remove DBPs and their precursors to finalize with the description of principal research achievements found in the literature about application of catalytic ozonation processes. In this sense, aspects such as operating conditions, reactors used, radiation sources applied in their case, kinetics and mechanisms are reviewed.

RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES OF PEAT AND BROWN COAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
Ivan I. Lishtvan ◽  
Vera N. Aleinikova
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Humic Substance ◽  
Brown Coal ◽  
Oil Wells ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Acid Media ◽  
Brown Coals

Knowledge about structure and rheological peculiarities of drilling solutions and reagents applied for the proceeding of oil wells has significant value for the forecasting of oil wells drilling. The research results of the structure of the humic substances of peat and brown coals precipitated in different pH ranges from the standpoint of their ability to structure formation on the base of the rheological curves obtaining of the flow of their dispersions and determining of their rheological parameters in terms of their application in drilling practice are given in the article. It is established that during transition from fraction, beset into alkaline media (12.0–8.5) to fraction beset into acid media (5.0–2.0) the decrease of the rheological indicators of caustobiolate humic substance is occurred. Rheological curves of the flow of the disperse of caustobiolate humic substances of the fraction 1 and 2 are characterized for strong fossil structures, disperses of humic substances of the fraction 3 is for less strong coagulation structures. Less structured are humic substances of brown coal so that their use is preferable for the regulation of the structure and rheological peculiarities of drilling solutions.

scholarly journals Improving chemical cleaning of fouled membranes in a drinking water treatment plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2330-2337
Author(s):  
Susumu Hasegawa ◽  
Yasuhiro Tanaka ◽  
Naokazu Wake ◽  
Ryosuke Takagi ◽  
Hideto Matsuyama
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Chemical Cleaning ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Abstract Recently, membrane filtration systems have become increasingly common in drinking water treatment plants. In this industry, preventing membrane fouling is of utmost importance. Many studies on the relationship between raw water components and membrane fouling have been performed in laboratory conditions. However, very few studies have analyzed the components of foulants on the fouled membrane as operated in actual drinking water treatment plants. By analyzing these components in plant-conditions, membrane fouling will be more effectively prevented. In this study, we analyzed the components of foulants extracted with 0.1 N NaOH from a fouled membrane operated in a drinking water treatment plant in Japan. Our analysis revealed that the main foulants were humic substances. In order to dissolve the accumulated humic substances, additional chemical cleaning was attempted with 500 ppm sodium hypochlorite. As a result, it was found that humic substances were dissolved and filtration resistance significantly decreased. Additionally, the removal of inorganic foulants was also greater after chemical cleaning with 500 ppm sodium hypochlorite, as inorganic foulants trapped within humic substances were released to the membrane surface as hydroxides by the additional sodium hypochlorite cleaning and were dissolved by the periodic citric acid cleaning.

scholarly journals Fouling analysis of polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes used for drinking water treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 668-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Q. Zhao ◽  
C. P. Huang ◽  
S. Y. Chen ◽  
D. S. Wang ◽  
T. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Fulvic Acid ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membranes ◽  
Fluorescence Excitation ◽  
Hydrophobic Fraction

Natural organic matter (NOM) plays a significant role in the fouling of ultrafiltration membranes in drinking water treatment processes. For a better understanding of the interaction between fractional components of NOM and polysulfone (PS) ultrafiltration membranes used for drinking water treatment, fouling and especially the physically irreversible fouling of natural organic matter were investigated. Resin fractionation, fluorescence excitation–emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were employed to identify the potential foulants. The results showed that humic acid and fulvic acid of small size were likely to permeate the membrane, while the hydrophobic fraction of humic and fulvic acid and aromatic proteins tended to be rejected and retained. Organic compounds such as proteins, humic substances, and polysaccharide-like materials, were all detected in the fouling layer. The physically irreversible fouling of the PS membrane seemed to be mainly attributed to the hydrophobic fraction of humic substances.

scholarly journals Temperature Dependences of IR Spectra of Humic Substances of Brown Coal

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry S. Volkov ◽  
Olga B. Rogova ◽  
Mikhail A. Proskurnin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Brown Coal ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Band Shift ◽  
Single Temperature ◽  
Temperature Dependences

The capabilities of temperature-monitored IR spectroscopy for studying the organic matter and mineral composition of humic substances (HS) were tested. Temperature dependences of the mid-IR spectra of humic substances heated in the air in the range 25–215 °C (298–488 K, with a step of 2.5 °C)—for three commercially available samples isolated from brown coal (leonardite)—were performed. The characteristic bands were identified, and their changes in band maxima positions and intensities were compared. From the viewpoint of interpretation of HS components, the spectra were divided into regions of quartz lattice region (800–260 cm−1), quartz overtone region (1270–800 cm−1), humic substance organic matter region (1780–1270 cm−1), quartz combination region (2800–1780 cm−1), CH-speciation region (3100–2800 cm−1), and hydrogen-speciation region (4000–3100 cm−1) thus selected to contain the dominating type of bands. For the first time, a reversible change in the frequencies of the band maxima in IR spectra upon heating was observed, which can be interpreted as forming structures with a particular order in the studied humic substances in the dry state. For a single sample, both the band-shift scale and the functional dependence of the various bands on temperature differ significantly. The approach differentiates crystalline quartz bands, amorphous silica, and HSOM/surface groups experiencing a different temperature behavior of the band maxima and their intensities. Band-maximum temperature dependence can be considered more stable to changes in experimental conditions than band maxima at a single temperature, thus providing a more detailed HS structure analysis without HS decomposition or destruction.

Development of a Framework for Quantifying the Removal of Humic Substances by Biological Filtration

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Huck
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Biological Filtration ◽  
Treatment Conditions

Biological filtration is finding increasing use in the treatment of drinking water and is one process that is used to remove humic substances. It would be extremely useful to have a framework to quantify such removals as a function of substrate and operating parameters. This paper explores the use of biofilter dimensionless contact time, X*, to provide such quantification. X* incorporates reactor contact time and surface area, as well as substrate diffusivity and biodegradation kinetic parameters. Removals of biodegradable organic matter increase with increasing X*, but in a less than proportional way. Investigations reported in the literature have shown very limited biodegradation of unozonated humic substances under water treatment conditions. Following ozonation much greater removals are reported. This can be attributed to the increase in diffusivity and biodegradability due to ozonation, which leads to a substantial increase in X* for a given filter

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