scholarly journals Multi-Step Cellular and Tissue Selection of Soybean for Resistance to Osmotic Stress Using Peg 6000 Invitro Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Naim Noori
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Selective Agent ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Final Volume ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000 ◽  
Selection Of

Cell and tissue selection in vitro allows targeted selection of the desired traits under severe selective conditions at the level of individual cells and tissues. On the basis of multistage cell and tissue selection with the use of a selective agent - neutral osmotic polyethylene glycol 6000 in increasing concentrations -5%, 10%, 15%, 20% of the final volume of the nutrient medium, callus of the Zhansaya soybean variety that are stably resistant to osmotic stress have been obtained. Regeneration from callus was noted only in8.3 % of the planted callus 6 soybean regenerants plants resistant to osmotic stress were obtained from callus.

scholarly journals Modeling of asymmetric division of somatic cell in protoplasts culture of higher plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-265
Author(s):  
S. I. Kondratenko ◽  
T. P. Pasternak ◽  
O. P. Samovol ◽  
O. M. Mogilna ◽  
O. V. Sergienko
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Asymmetric Division ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Selection Of

The key result of the work is the selection of factors for the cultivation of protoplasts of higher plants in vitro, which allowed induction of asymmetrical cell division during the first cell cycle phase. Gibberellin has been proved to be one of the main cofactors of asymmetric division of plant cells. The objects of research were plants of the following cultivars aseptically grown in hormone-free MS medium: tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), SR-1 line; Arabidopsis thaliana var. columbia (L.) Heynh; potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), Zarevo cultivar; cultivated white head cabbage (Brassica oleraceae var. capitata L.) of the following varieties: Kharkivska zymnia, Ukrainska osin, Yaroslavna, Lika, Lesya, Bilosnizhka, Dithmarscher Früher, Iyunskarannya; rape (Brassica napus L.) of Shpat cultivar; winter radish (Raphanus sativus L.) of Odessa-5 cultivar. In experiments with mesophilic and hypocotyl protoplasts of the above-mentioned plant species it has been proved that short-term osmotic stress within 16–18 hours being combined with subsequent introduction of high doses of gibberellin GK3 (1 mg/L) into the modified liquid nutrient media TM and SW led to the occurrence of pronounced morphological traits of cytodifferentiation already at the initial stages of the development of mitotically active cells in a number of higher plants. Meanwhile, in all analyzed species, there was observed the division of the initial genetically homogeneous population of mitotically active cells into two types of asymmetric division: by the type of division of the mother cell into smaller daughter cells and by the type of the first asymmetric division of the zygotic embryo in planta. In this case, the first type of asymmetric division occurred during unusual cytomorphism of the mother cells: a pronounced heart-shaped form even before the first division, which is inherent in the morphology of somatic plant embryo in vitro at the heart-shaped stage. A particular study of the effect of osmotic stress influencing protoplasts of various cultivars of white cabbage, isolated from hypocotyls of 7–9 day etiolated seedlings, revealed quite a typical consistent pattern: the acquisition and maintenance of the axis of symmetry in growing microcolonies occurred without extra exogenous gibberellin (GK3), which was added to the nutrient medium earlier. While analyzing the effect of growth regulators on the formation of microcolonies with traits of structural organization, the conclusion was made regarding the commonality of the revealed morphogenetic reactions of cells within the culture of protoplasts of higher plants in vitro with similar reactions studied earlier on other plants, both in vitro and in planta. Modeling of asymmetric cell division in protoplast culture in vitro has become possible by carrying out a balanced selection of growth regulators as well as their coordinated application through time along with changes in osmotic pressure of a nutrient medium.

Effects of water potential on germination of lettuce, sunflower, and citrus seeds

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1761-1764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merrill R. Kaufmann
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Membrane ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Citrus Seeds ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000 ◽  
Selection Of

The effect of nearly constant water potential on germination of citrus, sunflower, and lettuce seeds was studied. Water potential equilibration was achieved by placing soil above a cellulose acetate membrane which was in contact with a solution of polyethylene glycol-6000. Selection of solute potentials in the solution resulted in controlled water potentials in the soil over a range of 0 to −14.9 bars for citrus and 0 to −8.0 bars for sunflower and lettuce. The water stress experienced by germinating seeds in this system is largely the result of a matric effect rather than a solute effect.Citrus seeds germinated at water potentials as low as −4.7 bars and lettuce at −4.1 bars, but sunflower germinated at −8.0 bars. Sunflower germinated as rapidly at −4.1 bars as lettuce at −2.3 bars, both reaching 50% germination at about 8 days. Citrus germinated much more slowly, requiring 26 days at 0 bars.

scholarly journals Effects of Osmopriming on Germination and Vigour Traits of Bersim Clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Reza ROUHI ◽  
Reza Tavakkol AFSHARI ◽  
Seyed Amir MOOSAVI ◽  
Mohammad Hossain GHARINEH
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trifolium Alexandrinum ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000

Previous studies suggested that fast and uniform germination is important for good crop establishment. The present study was conducted to investigate the possibility of increasing germination characteristics by seed priming techniques. An experiment was conducted with three replicates and two treatments including: 2 different priming duration (8 and 12 hours) and 6 osmotic potential of PEG 6000 solutions (-0.8, -1,-1.2,-1.4,-1.6 Mpa) and distilled water as a control group). The priming solutions were prepared using polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG). Our results showed that the most effective osmotic potential in improving germination characteristics of Trifolium alexandrium is -0.8 MPa for 16 hours.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND IN VITRO DISSOLUTION STUDY OF BINARY AND TERNARY SOLID DISPERSIONS OF ACECLOFENAC

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shahidul Islam ◽  
Rasheda Akter Lucky
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Peg 6000

The poor aqueous solubility of the drug exhibits in variable dissolution rate and hence poor bioavailability. Aceclofenac is poorly water soluble drug. The aim of the present study was to improve the water solubility and the dissolution rate of Aceclofenac by solid dispersion technique using different water soluble polymers. The term solid dispersions refer to the dispersions of one or more active ingredients in an inert carrier or matrix at solid state. In this study, binary solid dispersion of Aceclofenac were prepared by fusion method using Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000), Polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000), Poloxamer as carrier. Different drug-carrier weight ratio was used for this study. The effect of the carrier on the solubility and in-vitro dissolution were studied. It was found the drug was released 26.86% after 5 minutes and only 40.19% within 60 mins from active Aceclofenac on the other hand the release pattern of Aceclofenac from the binary SD formulation containing PEG 6000 in 1:5 ratio (Formulation coding: A5) showed the best result in comparison of other binary and ternary SD formulations which was 62.29% after 5 min and 83.03% within 60 mins. The hydrophilic polymers used for the preparation of solid dispersion are showed significant increase in the solubility of Aceclofenac.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effect of Seed Priming on Germination, Vigour Index and Tolerance Index against Short Term Moisture Stress in Maize (Zea mays L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Singh ◽  
M. Sharma ◽  
H. Upadhyay ◽  
A. Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Magnesium Nitrate ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of seed priming with magnesium nitrate salt against the moisture stress condition induced by Polyethylene glycol-6000 on seed germination, vigour index and tolerance index in root and shoot. Polyethylene glycol-6000 was used to create short term moisture stress under laboratory conditions while the seed priming was carried out by using magnesium nitrate. The percent germination, seed vigour index and tolerance index were started to decline from T1 to T4 (i.e. set first 1.5 and 4.5 % of PEG-6000 solution + none primed seed) while the results of second set (i.e. PEG-6000 + primed seed from T5 to T8) were also following the same decreasing trend along with improvement in every parameters. The germination was recorded highest 100 percent in T5 (i.e. 1.5% PEG-6000+ primed seed) followed by T6, T1 and T7 (T6 and T7 is 2.5% and 3.5 % PEG-6000+ primed seed) while the control set recorded 98.7% at final date of observations i.e. 240 Hrs. vigour index and tolerance index was also decreasing in both the set of treatments but PEG-600 + primed seed showed better results as compared to the treatments PEG-6000 + none primed. Tolerance index percent was recorded maximum in root as compare to shoot at 120 hrs. of intervals while the reverse result was recorded at 240 hrs. of intervals.

scholarly journals Effect of water stress induced by polyethylene glycol 6000 on the somatic embryos conversion into whole plantlets in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
Tokpapon Eliane Manlé ◽  
Kan Modeste Kouassi ◽  
Brahima André Soumahoro ◽  
Tchoa Koné ◽  
Kouablan Edmond Koffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000 ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Rainfall scarcity due to climate change is a major constraint that limits cocoa productivity in Côte d'Ivoire. This work aims to regenerate cocoa plants tolerant to water stress using in vitro methods. Staminode and petal explants of the genotypes C1, C9, C14, C15, C16, C18 and C20 were used to produce somatic embryos through two methods. Firstly, somatic embryos were induced under stressfull conditions on media containing different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 (0; 25; 50; 75; 100 and 125 g/l) and secondly; under non-stressed conditions. Somatic embryos were placed on a conversion medium in the same stress condition. The number of regenerants decreased with the increase in the concentration of PEG with all genotypes. Only genotypes C1 and C15 regenerated plantlets under water stress conditions. The sensitive genotypes C9, C14, C16, C18 and C20 have not developed plantlets on media containing PEG. The plantlets produced under water deficit conditions exhibited a reduction in stem length and leaves number and an increase in length or offset of the high number of roots. The survival rate of regenerants during acclimatization was higher on the sandsubstrate. The selected genotypes could be used in an improvement program of cocoa production.Keywords: Climate change; plant regeneration; genotype; tolerance; drought; in vitro

scholarly journals Selection of somaclonal variants of maracuyá (passiflora Edulis var Flavicarpa. Deneger) tolerants to water deficit

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Ivan Dario Loaiza Campiño ◽  
Neftalí Mesa López ◽  
Andrés Mauricio Villegas Hiencapié
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Somaclonal Variants ◽  
Selection Of

Climate change will have an impact on the Colombian agricultural sector, by 2050 increases in temperature and distribution of erratic rainfall are expected. Passion fruit cultivation does not tolerate water deficit, it reduces flower induction, generates fruit drop and defoliation. To tackle this problem, somaclonal variants (VS) of passion fruit were selected in-vitro, seeking tolerance to water deficit. Four phases were developed: I) callogenesis, II) direct and indirect organogenesis, II) Induction and evaluation of the water deficit with Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) and IV) in vitro selection of VS by morphometric measurements, chlorophyll and total sugars contents. Differences in callogenesis were found with different concentrations of 2,4-D, the concentration of 2 mg • L-1 presented better results producing calluses in less time and in greater quantity (8 days, 90% of the leaf area). In indirect and direct organogenesis the medium MS + ANA + BAP (0.3: 0.6), showed significant statistical differences with respect to other means, for the variables root length (15.14 cm), stem (16.72 cm) and leaves ( 14.51 cm) and root thickness (0.76 cm) stem (1.25) and leaf width (6.75). The influence of PEG 6000 showed significant differences, the treatment with 30 g • L-1 showed the smallest leaf width, the greatest width was found in 25 g • L-1. Statistical differences were found in chlorophyll levels and total sugar contents, the highest contents were recorded in the VS 25VS1, showing the possibility of obtaining seedlings tolerant to the water deficit of passion fruit by inducing somaclonal variation.

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