The Binaural Masking Level Difference as a Function of Frequency, Masker Level and Masking Bandwidth in Normal-Hearing and Hearing-Impaired Listeners

1985 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Hall ◽  
Antony D.G Harveyb
Keyword(s):  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Masker Level ◽  
Level Difference ◽  
Masking Level Difference

Factors Influencing the Masking Level Difference in Cochlear Hearing-Impaired and Normal-Hearing Listeners

1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Hall ◽  
Richard S. Tyler ◽  
Mariano A. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Narrow Band ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Temporal Coding ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Frequency Resolution ◽  
Time Discrimination ◽  
Band Noise ◽  
Level Difference ◽  
Masking Level Difference

The masking level difference (MLD) at 500 Hz was examined in wide-band (960 Hz) and narrow-band (50 Hz) noise for normal-hearing subjects and subjects with symmetrical mild-to-moderate cochlear hearing loss. Monaural tasks of intensity discrimination, temporal resolution, and frequency resolution were performed in order to examine relationships between monaural dysfunction and MLD performance. Interaural time discrimination for a 500-Hz pure tone also was examined. The performance of the hearing-impaired subjects was poorer than that of the normal-hearing subjects for MLD, interaural Δt, and most monaural tasks. However, no significant relationships were found between monaural and MLD performance when effects of threshold were taken into account. MLDs were more reduced in wide-band noise than in narrow-band noise for the hearing-impaired subjects (when Contrasted with normal-hearing subjects). MLD performance was correlated with interaural time discrimination, and it is suggested that one reason for poor MLD performance with hearing impairment may be poor temporal coding of stimulus-fine structure.

scholarly journals Masking Level Difference and Electrophysiological Evaluation in Adults with Normal Hearing

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. e399-e406
Author(s):  
Joyce Miranda Santiago ◽  
Cyntia Barbosa Laureano Luiz ◽  
Michele Garcia ◽  
Daniela Gil
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Binaural Interaction ◽  
Level Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Masking Level Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction The auditory structures of the brainstem are involved in binaural interaction, which contributes to sound location and auditory figure-background perception. Objective To investigate the performance of young adults in the masking level difference (MLD) test, brainstem auditory-evoked potentials (BAEPs) with click stimulus, and frequency-following response (FFR), as well as to verify the correlation between the findings, considering the topographic origin of the components of these procedures. Methods A total of 20 female subjects between 18 and 30 years of age, with normal hearing and no complaints concerning central auditory processing underwent a basic audiological evaluation, as well as the MLD test, BAEP and FFR. Results The mean result on the MLD test was of 10.70 dB. There was a statistically significant difference in the absolute latencies of waves I, III and V in the BAEPs of the ears. A change in the FFR characterized by the absence of the C, E and F waves was noticed. There was a statistically significant difference in the positive correlation of wave V in the BAEPs with the MLD. There was a statistically significant difference in the positive correlation of the mean MLD and the V, A and F components of the FFR. Conclusion The mean MLD was adequate. In the BAEPs, we observed that the click stimulus transmission occurred faster in the right ear. The FFR showed absence of some components. The mean MLD correlated positively with the BAEPs and FFR.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Binaural Interaction: Age-Related Altering Masking Level Difference in Normal Hearing Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-591
Author(s):  
Ahsen KARTAL ◽  
Barış YAMAN ◽  
Müjde KAYA ◽  
Burcu YERLİKAYA ◽  
Özlem KONUKSEVEN
Keyword(s):  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Binaural Interaction ◽  
Level Difference ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Masking Level Difference

Development of a 500-Hz Masking-Level Difference Protocol for Clinic Use

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 001-008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Wilson ◽  
Deborah W. Moncrieff ◽  
Elizabeth A. Townsend ◽  
Amanda L. Pillion
Keyword(s):  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Spectrum Level ◽  
Level Difference ◽  
Masking Level Difference ◽  
Single Interval ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Perceptual Abilities ◽  
Response Task

The purpose of this series of experiments was to develop a simple, 500-Hz masking-level difference (MLD) protocol that could be implemented easily in the clinic to assess auditory perceptual abilities using an audio compact disc. Five, 300-ms tones with 250-ms intertone intervals were embedded in 3-s bursts of 200-800 Hz noise presented at 42.2-dB pressure-spectrum level with 4-5 s inter-stimulus intervals. The homophasic and antiphasic conditions were interleaved with the signal-to-noise ratios decreasing in 2-dB steps. A single-interval, "yes/no" response task was used. Three experiments were performed on 24-28 listeners with normal hearing. The mean SoNo thresholds (58.1- to 59.5-dB SPL) and the mean SπNo thresholds (45.1- to 46.0-dB SPL) produced ˜13-dB MLDs. Experiment 3 included a SoNπ condition that had a mean threshold of 48.8-dB SPL and a 10.0-dB MLD. The mean test, retest ot the SoNo and SπNo thresholds on 15 listeners was <0.5 dB. Over the three experiments, 95% of the listeners had SπNo MLDs that were ≥10 dB.

Hearing Aid Amplification Reduces Communication Effort of People With Hearing Impairment and Their Conversation Partners

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1299-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Beechey ◽  
Jörg M. Buchholz ◽  
Gitte Keidser
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Referential Communication ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Directional Hearing ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
Communication Task ◽  
Acoustic Environments ◽  
The Impact

Objectives This study investigates the hypothesis that hearing aid amplification reduces effort within conversation for both hearing aid wearers and their communication partners. Levels of effort, in the form of speech production modifications, required to maintain successful spoken communication in a range of acoustic environments are compared to earlier reported results measured in unaided conversation conditions. Design Fifteen young adult normal-hearing participants and 15 older adult hearing-impaired participants were tested in pairs. Each pair consisted of one young normal-hearing participant and one older hearing-impaired participant. Hearing-impaired participants received directional hearing aid amplification, according to their audiogram, via a master hearing aid with gain provided according to the NAL-NL2 fitting formula. Pairs of participants were required to take part in naturalistic conversations through the use of a referential communication task. Each pair took part in five conversations, each of 5-min duration. During each conversation, participants were exposed to one of five different realistic acoustic environments presented through highly open headphones. The ordering of acoustic environments across experimental blocks was pseudorandomized. Resulting recordings of conversational speech were analyzed to determine the magnitude of speech modifications, in terms of vocal level and spectrum, produced by normal-hearing talkers as a function of both acoustic environment and the degree of high-frequency average hearing impairment of their conversation partner. Results The magnitude of spectral modifications of speech produced by normal-hearing talkers during conversations with aided hearing-impaired interlocutors was smaller than the speech modifications observed during conversations between the same pairs of participants in the absence of hearing aid amplification. Conclusions The provision of hearing aid amplification reduces the effort required to maintain communication in adverse conditions. This reduction in effort provides benefit to hearing-impaired individuals and also to the conversation partners of hearing-impaired individuals. By considering the impact of amplification on both sides of dyadic conversations, this approach contributes to an increased understanding of the likely impact of hearing impairment on everyday communication.

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