scholarly journals PENERAPAN METODE CUP PADA TRANSAKSI CPO ANTARA PIHAK-PIHAK YANG MEMILIKI HUBUNGAN ISTIMEWA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-96
Author(s):  
Umar Faruq ◽  
Arif Nugrahanto
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Futures Trading ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Tax Court

This study attempts to analyze the criteria for reliable market price comparable in the implementation of the Uncontrolled Price (CUP) method for Crude Palm Oil industry. Using qualitative approach and analysis of 4 appeal decisions in the tax court resulted in the conclusion that the credibility of the market price comparable is very substantial. Credibility can be seen from several aspects. That is the independency and transparency of institusion which provide the market price data. How the market price is formulated and usage range of the market price data.In the 14 court decisions, the highest credibility of comparative data for CPO commodity is provided by the Commodity Futures Trading Regulatory Agency (Bappepti), the Provincial Plantation Office. West Kalimantan (Dinas Perkebunan Prov. Kalbar), and KPB PTPN.In addition, this study also discusses the method of applying CUP in CPO industry. Among the five comparability factors, the most important aspects to consider are the product characteristics and contractual terms. While other factors, such as Functional analysis and risk (FAR), economic conditions, and business strategies have been reflected in the market price of CPO products.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kriteria pembanding harga pasar yang andal dalam penerapan metode Comparable Uncontrolled Price (CUP) pada transaski jual beli komoditas Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, analisis terhadap 4 risalah putusan banding di pengadilan pajak menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa kredibilitas data pembanding dalam penentuan harga transaksi pada transaksi hubungan istimewa menjadi faktor yang sangat substantial. Kredibilitas tersebut dapat dilihat dari aspek independensi dan transparansi dari pihak yang mengeluarkan data pembanding, aspek pembentukan harga yang mencerminkan kesepakatan antara penjual dan pembeli yang terbentuk secara independent, dan cakupan serta intensitas penggunaan data pembanding tersebut.Dalam 14 putusan Pengadilan Pengadilan yang dianalisis, kredibilitas tertinggi data pembanding untuk komoditas CPO berturut-turut disediakan oleh Badan Pengawas Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi (Bappepti), Dinas Perkebunan Prov. Kalbar, dan KPB PTPN.Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi bahwa dalam penerapan metode CUP pada transaksi komoditas CPO, diantara lima faktor kesebandingan, aspek yang paling penting untuk diperhatikan adalahaspek karakteristik produk dan aspek ketentuan kontrak (contractual terms). Sedangkan factor-faktor lain, seperti analisis fungsional (FAR), kondisi ekonomi, dan strategi bisnis telah tercermin dalam harga jual produk CPO.

Effluent charge reform for controlling water pollution in the Malaysian crude palm oil industry

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Montazer Hojat ◽  
Khalid Abdul Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
The Past ◽  
Activity Setting ◽  
Effluent Charge ◽  
Total Cost Function

AbstractThis study analyzes the costs borne by Malaysian palm oil mills (POMs) in order to reach standard levels. A number of studies have been conducted on Malaysian palm oil mills; however, none has obtained the marginal abatement cost (MAC) through an estimated total cost function. More particularly, as far as inflation is concerned, the effluent-related fee and effluent charge specified have not been revised within the past two decades. In addition, to our knowledge, there has not been any study comparing MAC to the mills of the two different methods of disposal, namely watercourse and on land. Our results show that, to force POMs to meet the standard, the effluent charge must be set higher, equaling the MAC. While the results show the existence of economies of scale in abatement activity, setting the effluent-related fee equal to the MAC may encourage mills to further abate their water pollution.

Effect of Vortex Finder, Inlet and Body Diameter on Separation Efficiency of Hydrocyclone for Crude Palm Oil Industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 652-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supachart Pakpoom ◽  
Kruakaew Prarop ◽  
Swasdisevi Thanit ◽  
Wongsarivej Pratarn
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Body Diameter ◽  
Vortex Finder ◽  
Simulation And Experiment

Hydrocyclone is novel optional equipment that can be applied in solid separation for crude palm oil process because of its advantage over the existing technology. Hydrocyclone is a cost-effective, continuous tool which is easy for maintenance. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of vortex finder, inlet, and body diameter of hydrocyclone on separation efficiency of palm meal from crude palm oil by using PVC resin as the solid phase and biodiesel B5 as the liquid phase. All parameters were simulated using computational fluid dynamic, CFD. In addition, the inlet diameters were tested experimentally. The feed flow rates in both simulation and experiment were varied from 4 - 14 L/min at the constant flow ratio of 0.2. Experimental design was clearly specified. The vortex finder diameters of 3.8, 4.8, and 5.8 mm were also simulated as well as the inlet diameters of 5, 6, and 7 mm. Three sizes of body diameter of 30, 40, and 50 mm were selected as the example sizes. According to the simulation results, the smaller vortex finder, inlet, and body diameter of hydrocyclone revealed the higher separation efficiency.

scholarly journals The Source of Output Growth: Productivity Performance in the Indonesian Crude Palm Oil Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-418
Author(s):  
Dyah Wulan Sari ◽  
Haura Azzahra Tarbiyah Islamiya ◽  
Wenny Restikasari ◽  
Emi Salmah
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Indonesia has become the largest producer and exporter of crude palm oil commodities in the world. Therefore, the production of CPO turns out to be very greedy for land. There are any problems in production CPO, therefore the study aims to develop a conceptual framework of the source of output growth, whether driven by input or productivity growth, and to implement this concept by investigating the source of output growth in the crude palm oil industry in Indonesia. The investigation applies firm-level panel data and follows a quantitative approach using general method of moments to estimate the production coefficients and calculate the input and productivity growth. The result shows that the output growth of the crude palm oil industry does not lead in productivity growth driven. It seems to be driven by input growth, not by productivity growth. Since growth is still driven by input, the crude palm oil industry will be less competitive in the world market. The high world demand for crude palm oil commodities from Indonesia must be met by using more efficient input factors, optimizing production scale, and supporting technological progress. The government, therefore, must have strategies that are more competitive in the global market.

Value Engineering in Crude Palm Oil Industry Design to Minimize Cost

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indah Rizkya ◽  
Khalida Syahputri ◽  
Rahmi Meilina Sari ◽  
Erwin Sitorus ◽  
Ikhsan Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Value Engineering ◽  
Crude Palm Oil

Particulate Emission from Biomass Fuel Combustion

2015 ◽  
Vol 1125 ◽  
pp. 322-326
Author(s):  
J. Nor Ruwaida ◽  
M. Rashid ◽  
M.M. Syahirah
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Particulate Emission ◽  
Fuel Feed ◽  
The World ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Palm Fibre

The remarkable growth of palm oil industry in Malaysia is undeniable. Approximately, one million ton of crude palm oil is produced by the industry in a month, thus put Malaysia as one of the largest producer in the world. Most of the mills are operated on cogeneration system, where the biomass residue of palm fibre and shell are used as fuel in the mill boilers mostly to generate steam and also electricity. This practise however produced considerable amount of particulates in terms of fly ash emitting to the environment. Thus, this study is to evaluate the particulate emission from five palm oil mill boilers with steam capacity ranging from 17-35 tonne/h. The results showed that the average particulate emission concentration exiting the stack was 2.21±1.20 g/Nm3 (corrected to 7% oxygen concentration), ranging from 0.42 to 3.77 g/Nm3. The study suggests that the fuel feed rates of fiber and shell was one of the parameters affecting the emission concentration in the boiler. Particulate morphology were also being presented in this study.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN LIMBAH DAN LUMPUR AKTIF TERHADAP PENGARUH SISTEM AERASI PADA PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CPO

Konversi ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Febrina Rantifa Sari ◽  
Raudhah Annissa ◽  
Abubakar Tuhuloula
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Crude Palm Oil

Limbah cair kelapa sawit berasal dari unit proses pengukusan, proses klarifikasi dan buangan dari hidrosiklon. Pada umumnya, limbah cair kelapa sawit mengandung bahan organik yang tinggi seperti 34,20% ekstrak tanpa N (komposisi kimia) dan 13,19 % Glutamit Asam (komposisi asam amino)sehingga potensial mencemari air tanah dan badan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sistem aerasi pada limbah CPO dan lumpur aktif dalam bak aerasi sehingga didapat penurunan konsentrasi BOD5, COD dan pH effluen serta mengetahui variasi perbandingan volume antara limbah CPO dengan lumpur aktif (activated sludge) terhadap optimalisasi penurunan nilai konsentrasiBOD5, COD dan pH effluen.Pada penelitian ini, limbah cair CPO dan lumpur aktif dimasukkan kedalam bioreaktor dengan variasi perbandingan volume. Kemudian masing-masing bioreaktor diaerasi dengan menggunakan aerator dan dilakukan pengamatan sistem aerasi terhadap penurunan nilai BOD5, COD, dan pH nya dengan menggunakan lumpur aktif. Hasil analisa didapatkan nilai optimum terjadi pada bioreaktor C (8:2)v/v dimana perbandingan antara limbah CPO dengan penambahan lumpur aktif lebih sedikit, nilai BOD5 22,4 mg/L dari nilai awal 25,6 mg/L, nilai COD 42,5953 mg/L dari nilai sampel awal 65,77 mg/L begitu pula nilai MLSS dan MLVSS meningkat pada Bioreaktor C dari 52690 mg/L menjadi 71060 mg/L. Keywords: Waktu retensi, tangki Aerasi, Lumpur Aktif, Limbah cair,  BOD5, COD. Liquid waste crude palm oil derived from strilizer unit, clarification unit and exiles from hydrocyclone. Liquid waste from crude palm oil industry such as34.20% extractwithoutN(chemical composition) and13.19% Glutamitacid(amino acidcomposition)might potentially contaminate ground water and water bodies. This studyaimed todetermine the effect of aeration systemonCPOandwasteactivated sludge in theaerationbasinin order to get the concentrationdecreasedBOD5, CODandpH of theeffluentanddetermine variations inthe ratio betweentheCPOwasteactivated sludgetooptimize theconcentrationimpairmentBOD5, CODandeffluentpH.In this study, liquid wasteandsludgeCPOinserted into thebioreactorwith avolumeratiovariation.Then eachaeratedbioreactorsusingaeratorsandaerationsystemswas observedtodecrease invalue ofBOD5, COD, andpHby usingactivated sludge. Analysisresultsobtainedoptimumvalueoccurs inbioreactorC(8:2) v/vCPOwhere thecomparisonbetweenthe wasteactivated sludgewiththe addition ofa little more,BOD5value of22.4mg/Lfrom baseline25.6mg/L, COD42,5953mg/Lofinitialsamplevalue65.77mg/Las well asthe value ofMLSSandMLVSSincreased inBioreactorCof52 690mg/Lto71060mg/L. Keywords: retention time, aeration tank, Activated sludge,liquid waste,BOD5, COD

scholarly journals Does Trading Volume explain the Information Flow of Crude Palm Oil Futures Returns?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-136
Author(s):  
You-How Go ◽  
◽  
Wee-Yeap Lau ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Futures Market ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Futures Trading ◽  
Oil Futures ◽  
Futures Contract ◽  
Information Set

This study examines the role of trading volume in the crude palm oil (CPO)futures market as a proxy for information áow from the perspective of the mixture-of-distributions hypothesis (MDH). Using the data from January 2000 to April 2017, a sym-metric GARCH model has been estimated, in which the residuals follow alternatively thenormal Student-t and generalised error distribution. An alternative augmented model thatconsists of trading volume as an exogenous variable is estimated with the same error dis-tributions. Our results suggest several conclusions: First, the trading volume could not actas a true proxy for information áow. This indicates that volume of futures trading containsrelatively less price-sensitive information. Secondly, the inclusion of trading volume into theconditional variance equation with Student-t distributed errors is important for modellingpurposes when the returns are leptokurtic and positively skewed. Hence, it can be concludedthat the use of return and trading volume will enhance the current information set usedby practitioners and analysts in pricing the CPO futures contract when there exists a highdegree of leptokurtosis in the returns. This is the Örst study that validates the MDH in thecontext of the CPO futures market

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