New job economies and old pay gaps: Pay expectations explain the gender pay gap in gender-blind workplaces

Despite the absence of many traditional barriers to gender equality, there continues to be a gender pay gap in new job economies (i.e., the “gig economy” or “platform work”). Taking a novel approach to the study of the gender pay gap, we use a completely gender-blind online work setting to examine the effect of a covert source of gender inequality: differential pay expectations. Our findings reveal that women’s lower pay expectations lead to lower earnings. Crucially, these differential pay expectations appear to be shaped by income disparities in the traditional job economy. This research provides important new insight into the endurance of the gender pay gap, suggesting that structural inequities can carry over to new economies in subtle, yet powerful ways.

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Change it up, change the system! Exploring career development learning and social justice through action research

Journal of the National Institute for Career Education and Counselling ◽

10.20856/jnicec.4403 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 13-20

Author(s):

Anne Delauzun

Keyword(s):

Social Justice ◽

Action Research ◽

Career Development ◽

Collaborative Learning ◽

Transformative Learning ◽

Institutional Constraints ◽

Diverse Group ◽

Gender Pay Gap ◽

Pay Gap ◽

Gig Economy

Careers practitioners are encouraged to embrace social justice as a core value, but to what extent can it truly guide practice given the operational and institutional constraints within which many operate? This paper presents a practical example of a career development learning intervention drawing on theories of social justice. Informed by student consultation, the workshop engaged participants in collaborative learning on themes such as the gig economy and the gender pay gap. This innovative example of a non-deficit approach succeeded in attracting and engaging a diverse group of participants, fostering peer-to-peer and transformative learning.

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Gendered scenes: conceptualising the negotiation of paid work and child care among performers in film, television and theatre production

Media International Australia ◽

10.1177/1329878x16689146 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 163 (1) ◽

pp. 151-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sheree Gregory ◽

Cathy Brigden

Keyword(s):

Gender Inequality ◽

Paid Work ◽

Gender Pay Gap ◽

Pay Gap ◽

Manage Care ◽

Film Directors ◽

Theatre Production ◽

The Media ◽

Care Regimes

The pervasiveness of gender inequality in the media and entertainment industry has become an issue of growing public interest, debate and agitation. Whether it is the gender pay gap, the ongoing presence of the casting couch, the absence of women film directors, the experiences for women and men are strikingly different. Drawing on the findings of a case study of how performers manage care and precarious paid work in film, television and theatre production in Australia, this article provides a context in which work and care regimes can be analysed. Individualised negotiations with agents and producers are buttressed by individualised arrangements with family and extended networks to accommodate complex and changing needs. Despite high unionisation among performers, the key finding is that the overwhelming tendency was to deal with issues individually or as a couple, without reference to the union or through collective avenues.

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‘Gender inequality- now available on digital platform’: an interplay between gender equality and the gig economy in the European Union

European Labour Law Journal ◽

10.1177/2031952520953856 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 203195252095385

Author(s):

Neha Vyas

Keyword(s):

Gender Inequality ◽

Policy Development ◽

The European Union ◽

Pay Gap ◽

Digital Platforms ◽

Digital Platform ◽

Female Workers ◽

Gig Economy ◽

Brick And Mortar ◽

The Eu

This article is directed towards addressing the employment related issues encountered by female workers in the gig economy in the EU. It revolves around analysing ‘the switch’ from the traditional labour market to the platform economy. It subsequently explains, by drawing comparisons, that the issues of gender inequality in the brick and mortar world are still prevalent in world of the digital platform. In fact, new challenges have emerged which are specifically related to the gig economy. Female workers are now affected by the inherent bias of algorithms. Moreover, due to the unequivocal propagation of ‘flexibility’ which is used as a weapon to glorify the gig economy; women are even more likely to be pushed into precarious work. The other prominent issues of gender inequality like the dynamics of intersectionality, the gender pay gap and hiring policies in traditional and digital platforms are also examined. Furthermore, the existing regulatory frameworks addressing these issues are discussed with the possibility of catering to the gender inequality issues in the gig economy through policy development. The article concludes with a reflection on the need for the EU to take immediate and efficacious policy measures in respect of female workers in the gig economy.

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Employment Law

10.1093/he/9780198806752.001.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Stephen Taylor ◽

Astra Emir

Keyword(s):

Trade Union ◽

Real World ◽

Data Protection ◽

Employment Status ◽

Business Management ◽

Case Law ◽

Employment Law ◽

Gender Pay Gap ◽

Pay Gap ◽

Insight Into

Employment Law provides an introduction to the issues of employment law and regulation for those studying a variety of subjects including human resource management (HRM) and business management, as well as an easy explanation for students of law. Case exhibits in every chapter illustrate employment law in action, whilst activities test understanding of the law and its application in the real world. In addition, a dedicated, very practical chapter on preparing and presenting a case gives an opportunity to demonstrate understanding using a fictional scenario, through which a greater insight into the challenges faced before an employment tribunal can be gleamed. This fifth edition includes full coverage of the Taylor Report, the Gender Pay Gap Regulations, GDPR/Data Protection Act 2018, the Trade Union Act 2016 and the likely effect of Brexit. The text also encompasses a revision of core legal content including changes to tribunal fees and case law concerning employment status.

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National Board Quotas and the Gender Pay Gap among European Managers

Work Employment and Society ◽

10.1177/0950017019864509 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 1002-1019 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

David J Maume ◽

Orlaith Heymann ◽

Leah Ruppanner

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

Gender Inequality ◽

Gender Gap ◽

European Social Survey ◽

Gender Pay Gap ◽

Female Representation ◽

Pay Gap ◽

Social Survey ◽

National Board ◽

Managerial Pay

As European countries have mandated quotas for women’s representation on boards, and as women have increasingly entered the ranks of management, a persistent gender gap in managerial pay remains. Drawing a sample of managers in the 2010 European Social Survey, the gender gap in pay was decomposed, finding that employer devaluation of women accounted for the majority of the gender gap in pay. This was especially true in countries without mandated quotas, but in countries that had adopted quotas for female representation on boards, results were consistent with the proposition that quotas moderated the labour market for managers (i.e. the gender gap in managerial pay was smaller as was the portion of the gap attributable to discrimination). As board quotas have increasingly been adopted across Europe, more research is needed on their ameliorative effects on gender inequality in the wider labour market.

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Does the gender pay gap in psychology differ by work setting?

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e576372014-007 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Nigrinis ◽

Auntre Hamp ◽

Karen Stamm

Keyword(s):

Work Setting ◽

Gender Pay Gap ◽

Pay Gap

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Gendered practices in veterinary organisations

Veterinary Record ◽

10.1136/vr.104994 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 185 (13) ◽

pp. 407-407 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

David Knights ◽

Caroline Clarke

Keyword(s):

Gender Inequality ◽

Gender Diversity ◽

Gender Issues ◽

Gender Pay Gap ◽

Female Reproduction ◽

Pay Gap ◽

Veterinary Profession ◽

Veterinary Surgeons ◽

The Media ◽

The Common

As a result of scandals concerning sexual harassment in Hollywood and in the media, as well as questions regarding the size of the gender pay gap, considerable attention has recently been paid to questions of gender diversity and discrimination in organisations. Gender issues would appear particularly salient within the veterinary profession, not least because women are beginning to outnumber men as practitioners. While this research on veterinary surgeons was not initially focused on gender, as the study progressed gender became an issue of such importance that it could not be ignored. Although ‘feminized in numerical terms’, the veterinary profession and ‘its professional structure and culture remains gendered masculine’. Translated into practice, this means that although 76 per cent of vet school graduates are currently female, disproportionately few have risen or are rising through the hierarchy. On the surface it is easy to rationalise this away partly by simply stating how many female vets appear to sacrifice career for family, but the authors’ aim is to go beyond merely repeating and reinforcing the common sense view of female reproduction and parenting as the sole explanation for gender inequality within this and other professions.

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