scholarly journals Protective Buffering among Post-Divorce Parent-Adolescent Dyads

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reine C van der Wal ◽  
Eva Grosfeld ◽  
Merel Nap-Van der Vlist ◽  
Sanne Nijhof ◽  
Catrin Finkenauer
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Adolescent Relationships ◽  
Actor Partner Interdependence Model ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Divorce Adjustment ◽  
Protective Buffering

After a divorce, parents and children try to minimize each other’s distress by hiding their feelings and pretending they are doing fine, a coping strategy called protective buffering (PB). Although there is substantial evidence that PB among romantic partners harms both partners’ well-being, the consequences of PB in parent-child relationships remain unclear. To examine PB among parents and children, we conducted a survey study among 100 dyads of Dutch divorced parents and their adolescent children. We examined actor and partner effects of PB on post-divorce adjustment. We additionally investigated whether decreases in authenticity and intimacy explained the association between PB and post-divorce adjustment. Data were analyzed by employing an Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) and an APIM extended to Mediation. Results revealed that PB was negatively associated with parents’ life satisfaction, and to children’s life satisfaction and divorce-specific well-being. These negative actor effects were mediated by decreased authenticity for both parents and children. Consistent with research on PB in romantic relationships, PB not only impeded own post-divorce adjustment, but also the adjustment of the person participants tried to protect. Specifically, children’s PB was negatively associated with their parents’ divorce-specific well-being. Although further research is needed, the present study was the first to provide insights into the paradoxical effects of PB in parent-adolescent relationships.

scholarly journals Development of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire among a sample of people who have consumed psilocybin or LSD

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112096787
Author(s):  
Alan K Davis ◽  
Frederick S Barrett ◽  
Sara So ◽  
Natalie Gukasyan ◽  
Thomas C Swift ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Psychological Flexibility ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes

Background: Several measures have been developed to examine acute psychedelic effects (e.g. mystical-type and challenging experiences), but no measure assesses acute psychologically insightful experiences that may occur during psychedelic experiences. Aim: The purpose of this study was to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire. Method: A cross-sectional survey study among psilocybin and LSD users. Respondents ( n=1661; Mage=22.9, standard deviation=8.5; Caucasian/White=83%; non-Hispanic=91%; men=72%; United States resident=66%) completed an Internet-based survey. Results: The Psychological Insight Questionnaire consists of 23 items with two subscales: (a) Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and (b) Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights. Construct validity of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire was supported by strong correlations of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores with the insight subscale of the Session Impacts Scale, and weak-to-moderate correlations with the Mystical Experiences and Challenging Experiences Questionnaires. Furthermore, Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores were moderately-to-strongly correlated with retrospectively reported increases in psychological flexibility, and well-being/life satisfaction that were attributed to a memorable psychedelic experience. Lastly, incremental validity was established showing that the Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights subscale) scores predict unique variance in changes in psychological flexibility, and Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores predict changes in well-being and life satisfaction, beyond measures of acute mystical-type and challenging effects. Conclusions: The Psychological Insight Questionnaire has the potential to extend the understanding of the acute and enduring effects of psychedelics. Further longitudinal research is necessary to determine the long-term predictive validity of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire and to examine the role of psychological insight in predicting therapeutic outcomes.

A hopefulness survey of SWOG members: Relationships among hope, job stress, and burnout.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (29_suppl) ◽  
pp. 185-185
Author(s):  
David B. Feldman ◽  
Mark Allen O'Rourke ◽  
Robert S. Krouse ◽  
Marie Bakitas ◽  
Heidi Deininger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
General Satisfaction

185 Background: Hope is a cognitive, goal-directed phenomenon that is measurable. It is “a cognitive set that is based on a reciprocally-derived sense of successful agency (goal-directed determination) and pathways (planning to meet goals).” Although hope has been explored in patients, few studies have investigated hope in physicians and other healthcare providers. Low hope has been shown to predict work burnout in other professions. This survey in the SWOG Cancer Research Network tests the relationships among hope, work stress, burnout, and general satisfaction with life. Methods: SWOG members randomly selected and invited to participate by email linked to a 10-minute online survey consisting of the following: The Adult Hope Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, demographic questionnaire, and items assessing burnout, work stress, and general social support. Of 1000 invitees, 226 responded to the survey, including physicians ( n = 77) and RNs ( n = 46). Results: On average, respondents reported relatively high work stress ( M = 3.59 out of 5). Levels of work stress were positively associated with burnout ( r = .58, p < .001), but not with general satisfaction with life ( r = .11, p = .08). Hope levels were negatively associated with burnout ( r = -.21, p = .003) and positively associated with satisfaction with life ( r = .58, p < .001). Consistent with past research showing that people with greater availability of general social support suffer from lower rates of burnout and experience higher levels of psychological well-being, we found that social support was negatively associated with burnout ( r = -.18, p = .007) and positively associated with life satisfaction ( r = .38, p < .001). In addition, we tested a meditational model using Hayes’ bootstrapping approach via the PROCESS macro in SPSS. In this model, hope partially mediated the relationships between social support and both burnout and life satisfaction. In the model, job stress also predicted burnout, but, as in the previous correlational analysis, had no relationship with general life satisfaction. Conclusions: Our cross-sectional results suggest that hope may mitigate the effects of burnout. Our data indicate that the particular combination of social support and hope may prove helpful for reducing job burnout and increasing general satisfaction with life. Single-session hope-enhancement workshops that incorporate both of these elements have been shown to increase hope and psychological well-being in non-medical populations. Such interventions for healthcare professionals warrant further study.

Experiences associated with psychological richness

2020 ◽  
pp. 089020702096233
Author(s):  
Shigehiro Oishi ◽  
Hyewon Choi ◽  
Ailin Liu ◽  
Jaime Kurtz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Daily Diary Study ◽  
Studying Abroad

Psychologists typically conceptualize a good life either in terms of hedonic (e.g. life satisfaction, positive affect) or eudaimonic well-being (e.g. meaning, fulfillment of potential). In the current research, we explored another form of a good life: the psychologically rich life. In Study 1, we conducted a 14-day daily diary study ( N = 203). In Study 2, we compared Chinese studying in the United States ( N = 97) with Chinese studying in China ( N = 169). In Study 3, we conducted a 12-week weekly survey study among Americans studying abroad ( N = 43) and Americans studying in the United States ( N = 100). In Study 4, we recruited students who had studied abroad ( N = 84) and their friends (informants) who did not ( N = 76). Study 1 showed that participants who scored higher in a psychologically rich life were more likely to take a short trip during the 14-day period. In Studies 2 to 4, those who studied abroad reported higher levels of a psychologically rich life than those who did not. Unusual experiences such as study abroad were consistently associated with higher levels of psychological richness, whereas they were not consistently associated with life satisfaction, positive affect, and meaning in life.

scholarly journals Effects of intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity on well-being through meaning in life and its gender difference among adolescents in Hong Kong: A mediation study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Yuen Chun Li ◽  
Jacky Ka Kei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Search For Meaning ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Extrinsic Religiosity

AbstractThe present study examines and explores the indirect effects of intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity on well-being, namely self-esteem and life satisfaction, through presence of and search for meaning in life, and its gender difference among adolescents. 301 girls and 395 boys from Hong Kong participated in this cross-sectional survey study. Independent t-test, correlation and four mediation model analyses with a bootstrap of 5000 samples were conducted. Girls score higher in extrinsic religiosity (personal) and search for meaning in life; lower in self-esteem compared with boys. Presence of meaning in life was found to positively mediate the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic personal religiosity on self-esteem and life satisfaction for boys but is not significant for girls. However, intrinsic religiosity promotes higher search for meaning in life, which in turn lowers self-esteem only for girls. The indirect effect of extrinsic social religiosity on well-being was not significant for both genders. Finding suggests that boys benefit more from religiosity on well-being.

Connecting Everyday Talk and Time Alone to Global Well-Being

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A Hall ◽  
Andy J Merolla
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Energy Ratio ◽  
Diary Study ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Sampling Studies ◽  
Everyday Talk ◽  
Further Development

Abstract Theoretical explanations for associations between characteristics of social interactions and global well-being (e.g., life satisfaction, loneliness) require further development and empirical grounding. We used the Communicate Bond Belong theory to develop six hypotheses linking the frequency, type, relatedness-to-energy ratio, and volition/choice of everyday social interactions with global well-being. Hypotheses were tested using two experience sampling studies and one 28-day diary study (TotalN = 389; Totalobservations = 10,368). Results suggest that number of social interactions is associated with global well-being, and that the portion of interactions with close partners is associated with lower loneliness. Experiencing unsatiated social needs when alone was negatively associated with global well-being and greater interaction choice was positively associated with global well-being. This study contributes to the ongoing discussion about how the pattern and nature of daily sociability are reflective of human thriving.

scholarly journals Burnout, satisfaction and happiness among German general practitioners (GPs): A cross-sectional survey on health resources and stressors

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253447
Author(s):  
Lena Werdecker ◽  
Tobias Esch
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Work Related ◽  
High Prevalence

Well-being is a major issue among health care professionals, especially physicians. Less job satisfaction and impaired health can have an impact on health care quality. Our aim was to examine the association of stressors (illegitimate tasks) and health related resources (work-related sense of coherence; recovery experience) with life satisfaction, happiness, job satisfaction and burnout among German general practitioners (GPs). We conducted a cross-sectional survey among general medical practices in Germany. Main outcome measures were life satisfaction, happiness (Subjective Happiness Scale), job satisfaction (Work Satisfaction Scale) and burnout (Copenhagen Burnout Inventory). 548 GPs from across Germany participated (53.6% males, 45.6% females; mostly representative of German GPs). One third (35.2%) of the participants reported a high prevalence of personal, and one quarter (26.5%) indicated a high prevalence of work-related burnout symptoms. Illegitimate tasks are negatively associated with life and job satisfaction and are positively associated with personal, work-related and patient-related burnout among GPs. Work-SoC and recovery experience are positively associated with life satisfaction, happiness, and job satisfaction and are negatively associated with personal, work-related and patient-related burnout. Female physicians have a higher job satisfaction than male physicians. Being female and working as an employed physician is associated with a higher prevalence of personal burnout symptoms. GPs working in a group practice are happier and more satisfied with their job than GPs in single practices. Personal, work-related and patient-related burnout symptoms are stronger in GPs working in a single practice than in GPs in group practices. Our results highlight that Work-SoC, recovery experience and illegitimate tasks are important for creating work-related well-being among GPs. Introducing health promotion activities which aim to strengthen recovery experience and Work-SoC, as well as interventions to restructure tasks, may increase life satisfaction, happiness, and job satisfaction and reduce burnout symptoms in this health care profession.

Transformational leadership and polychronicity as antecedents of work-home boundaries

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Mittal ◽  
Joshua E. Bienstock
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Leadership Behaviors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Boundary Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Important Player ◽  
Weak Boundaries ◽  
Work Domain

Purpose This paper aims to bring together leadership and boundary theories to conceptualize how transformational leadership behaviors and polychronicity might impact our life satisfaction through the boundaries we maintain around our work and home domains. It is argued that transformational behavior of the supervisor will be negatively associated with the strength of boundary that the followers construct around their home domain but will be positively associated with the boundary strength around the work domain. Additionally, it is posited that polychronicity will be negatively associated with the boundary strengths at home and at work but will be positively related with life satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach The concepts of leadership, polychronicity and work-home boundaries are explained, and logical arguments are presented to develop a conceptual framework incorporating these constructs. Findings The conceptual exploration of this study denotes that transformational leadership of supervisors would positively impact the life satisfaction of employees, directly as well as through the boundaries around their work and home domains. Specifically, transformational leadership behaviors of supervisors are expected to be associated with followers’ strong work boundaries but with weak home boundaries. At the same time, highly polychronic individuals are expected to keep weak boundaries around their work and home domains and to have higher life satisfaction. Research limitations/implications The conceptualization of this paper focused on constructs that have not been linked before in one framework. As such, empirical research is suggested to validate the model. Practical implications Understanding the antecedents of life satisfaction of employees is of crucial interest to managers at workplaces. It is suggested that managers should engage employees in co-constructing their work and home boundaries, with a view to increasing the life satisfaction of employees. Further, it seems possible that the hitherto prevalent practice of fostering strong boundaries at work may be hindering the well-being of employees. Social implications Variables active at workplaces, such as polychronicity, also affect the non-work domain and, thereby, the life satisfaction of employees. Originality/value Through this conceptualization, this paper has attempted to fill a gap in boundary management literature by linking transformational leadership of the supervisor to the work and home boundaries of the followers. This study also situates polychronicity as an important player in the work-home interface and life satisfaction of employees. This research links transformational leadership, polychronicity, boundary management and life satisfaction in one model. It thereby contributes to the leadership literature and extends the nomological network of work-non-work boundary management.

scholarly journals The Magnifying Effect of Marital Satisfaction on the Dyadic Effect of Disabilities on Life Satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5352
Author(s):  
Liman Man Wai Li ◽  
Da Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Health Care Research ◽  
Mixed Linear Model ◽  
Gender Effect ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Actor Partner Interdependence Model ◽  
Large Scale Survey

(1) Background. Extending previous work, the present study examined whether marital satisfaction would magnify the dyadic effect of disabilities on life satisfaction among older married couples. (2) Methods. With responses collected from 11,694 participants (5847 couples; Mage = 63.36 years, median: 62 years) in a large-scale survey study in China in 2015, the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) analyses were conducted to examine how marital satisfaction moderated the actor and partner effects of disabilities on life satisfaction. In addition, mixed linear model analyses were conducted to examine the gender effect. (3) Results. The results showed that marital satisfaction magnified the negative association between disabilities and life satisfaction with different patterns for each gender. Specifically, husbands’ disabilities significantly negatively predicted their own levels of life satisfaction among those with higher marital satisfaction but not among those with lower marital satisfaction. In contrast, for wives, spousal disabilities significantly predicted lower levels of life satisfaction among those with higher marital satisfaction but not among those with lower marital satisfaction. (4) Conclusions. The evidence for the magnifying effect of marital satisfaction obtained in the present study implicates the importance of taking dyadic dynamics in close relationships into account in health care research.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Associations of Autonomy, Relatedness, and Competence With the Well-being of Nursing Home Residents

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noortje Kloos ◽  
Hester R Trompetter ◽  
Ernst T Bohlmeijer ◽  
Gerben J Westerhof
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Depressive Feelings

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAs proposed by the self-determination theory, satisfying nursing home residents’ needs for autonomy, relatedness, and competence may improve their well-being. This is the first study to test the longitudinal relations of the satisfaction of these three basic psychological needs to the subjective well-being of nursing home residents and to determine whether a balance among the satisfaction of the three needs is important for well-being.Research Design and MethodsParticipants in this longitudinal survey study included 128 physically frail residents (mean age 85 years) at four Dutch nursing homes. Satisfaction of the three basic psychological needs was measured at baseline, and depressive feelings and life satisfaction 5–8 months later. Absolute differences between the three basic need satisfaction scores were summed to create a score of need satisfaction balance.ResultsAll three needs were related to both well-being measures over time, although autonomy had the strongest relationships. Only autonomy and competence were uniquely associated with depressive feelings, and only autonomy was uniquely associated with life satisfaction. The need satisfaction balance score was related to well-being independent of the autonomy and relatedness scores.Discussion and ImplicationsThese results confirm that all three basic psychological needs are important for nursing home residents’ well-being, with autonomy having the strongest and most consistent relationship to their well-being. Additionally, high satisfaction of one need does not compensate for low satisfaction of another. Supporting residents’ needs for autonomy, relatedness, and competence should, therefore, have a central role in nursing home culture-change interventions.

Relationship-oriented values and marital and life satisfaction among Chinese couples

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 2578-2596
Author(s):  
Peilian Chi ◽  
Qinglu Wu ◽  
Hongjian Cao ◽  
Nan Zhou ◽  
Xiuyun Lin
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
Actor Partner Interdependence Model ◽  
Marital Duration ◽  
Couple Similarity ◽  
Nationally Representative

Objective and background: The present study tested whether the similarity levels of relationship-oriented values among Chinese couples would be higher than those among randomly matched male–female pairs. Furthermore, we examined whether couple similarity of relationship-oriented values would predict spouses’ marital satisfaction and life satisfaction above the actor and partner effects of relationship-oriented values over time and the potential marriage cohort differences. Method: Data were retrieved from the China Family Panel Studies data set in 2010–2014. Our study included a nationally representative sample of 10,860 first-married couples who provided data on relationship-oriented values, marital satisfaction, and life satisfaction. Results: The average profile similarity on relationship-oriented values of the real couples was higher than that of the randomly matched male–female pseudo couples. Actor–Partner Interdependence Model analyses showed that (1) couple similarity of relationship-oriented values was positively associated with husbands’ and wives’ life satisfaction indirectly through wives’ marital satisfaction among couples with short to medium marital duration, even after controlling for life satisfaction 4 years ago and a set of sociodemographic variables; (2) husbands’ relationship-oriented values were positively associated with couples’ life satisfaction indirectly through husbands’ marital satisfaction among couples with short to medium and long marital duration. Conclusion: With a large dyadic sample of Chinese couples, our findings expand the literature on the significant role of couple similarity of relationship-oriented values in personal and relational well-being.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document