GREATER EURASIA AND GREATER EUROPE: THE GEOPOLITICS OF COOPERATION PERSPECTIVES

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-27
Author(s):  
Marina Glaser ◽  
P.E. Tomann ◽  
Nikolai Novik
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Political Discussion ◽  
European Security ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Internal Interaction

In world history, 2020 will forever remain a year of serious humanitarian and economic upheavals that have further changed the geopolitical alignment of key actors in the system of international relations. In this regard, the concepts of Greater Eurasia and Greater Europe, which were held as two significant narratives present in the international academic and political discussion, are particularly interesting. The main questions of this research are whether consensus is possible and what are the prospects for geopolitical interaction between the projects of Greater Eurasia and Greater Europe, taking into account the interests of Russia, how will this affect the system of international relations and the environment of macro-regional security? The article discusses the opportunities for cooperation between Greater Eurasia and Greater Europe, as well as the key principles of internal interaction between the participants. Russia, being a key link in this context, can act as a guarantor of trade and economic, geostrategic and political stability. The authors conclude that Greater Eurasia and Greater Europe are geopolitical representations created by the key actors of the European and Eurasian space for various options for adapting their plans to reality, and conflicts and security challenges that arise on the periphery of these two associations and their great powers can jeopardize not only European but also the entire global security. To prevent this, countries need to review the existing Eurasian and European security architecture, based on the principles of mutual respect, cooperation and parity. The article is based entirely on qualitative analysis and does not refer to quantitative arguments or statistical data. The methodological platform for the research is the analysis based on the concept of geopolitics.

scholarly journals Future Security Architecture in Asia

2015 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 553-572
Author(s):  
Kaisheng Li
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
Effective Interactions ◽  
Regional Powers ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Integrated Architecture ◽  
Security Regimes

The current security architecture in Asia is facing serious challenges including more offensive alliances and less defensive collective security mechanisms, the co-existence of redundancy and deficit of security regimes, and the absence of effective management of Sino-American structural contradictions. Given the diversification and complexity of these security challenges, the priority on the Asian security agenda should be to pursue effective coordination among various security regimes, rather than try to build an integrated architecture. This article argues that a new security framework can be created from three levels of security regimes. On the first level, forums led by smaller Asian countries with participation from China and the U.S. can boost more dialogues and mutual trust. On the second level, regional regimes can deal with regional security issues by harmonizing regional powers with the collective security mechanism. On the third level, Sino-American security regimes can help manage the conflicts between two great powers. Ultimately, the concert of regimes depends on the benign and effective interactions between China and the United States.

scholarly journals The Origins of European Security: the Factor of Neutrality in the early 1970s

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Alexey Sindeev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Foreign Minister ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
European Security ◽  
Interstate Relations ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Over Time

The article continues to explore a topic of «Sources of European Security».The author analyzes the role of personalities, processes and factors that have influenced the modern European security system, sustainable and variable elements of the transformation of the European segment of international relations. On the basis of documents from the Swiss Federal Archives, this article highlightsthe position of Switzerland and, in some cases, Austria before the start of the substantive discussions of the agreed agenda at the Conference for Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE). The 1970 Moscow Treaty between the USSR and the Federal Republic of Germany and the start of the CSCE process led to the Soviet Union abandoning its longstanding attempts to establish cooperation between the great powers in parallel with the UN structures.The Foreign Minister of the USSR Andrei Gromyko warned against this. Subsequently, the role of the small and medium-sized countries in the two ideological camps increased. The overall picture of interstate relations became more complicated. It is therefore no coincidence that the CSCE is treatedcontroversially in historiography. Considering that transformations are associated with continuous forms, positions, and mechanisms that have been tested over time, the author makes hypotheses and recommendations at the end of the article.

TURKISH-JORDAN BILATERAL RELATIONS: DIFFERENCES ON THE GROUND OF COMMON INTERESTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
D. О. Nikolaieva
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
Bilateral Cooperation ◽  
Refugee Problem

The positions of Turkey and Jordan as subjects of the Middle East Re­gional System of International Relations are analyzed. The role of Turkey and Jordan in building a regional security architecture in the Middle East has been revealed. The features of bilateral cooperation and its dynamics are characterized. The problems of common interest have been identified: the settlement of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict; the civil war in Syria and the refugee problem it has caused; strengthening mutually beneficial economic cooperation, etc.

scholarly journals Revenge of Geopolitics: Rise of China and the Confines of Asian Econophoria

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-175
Author(s):  
Richard Javad Heydarian
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
East Asia ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
East Asian ◽  
International Relations Theory ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rise Of China

The paper examines the evolution of the Asian regional security architecture in the past three decades, evaluating relations between China and its neighbors, and considering various approaches in International Relations theory. First, the paper examines the assumptions of liberal institutionalism in the context of “econophoria,” assessing its merits in East Asia. Second, the paper addresses China and its relations with the East Asian neighborhood in the latter decades of the 20th century. Third, the paper examines growing territorial tensions between China and its neighbors in the past decade -- and how this undermines regional security and regional integration. Lastly, the paper evaluates the contributions of alternative IR theories such as realism and constructivism in providing a better understanding of China’s new assertiveness.

4. The Middle East since the Cold War: The multi-layered (in)security Dilemma

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahgat Korany
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Security Dilemma ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Arab Spring

This chapter examines the evolving regional security situation in the Middle East since the end of the Cold War. While longstanding issues like the Arab–Israeli conflict and the nuclearization of Iran still characterize the regional security context, the biggest game changer has been a series of domestic events that came to be known as the Arab Spring. The chapter considers old and new security challenges — economic, political, and social — faced by the Middle East during the period, focusing on the role of ‘intermestics’: the close connection between the international and domestic politics of the region. It also explores other key themes that have come to dominate the contemporary international relations of the region, including oil, globalization, and religio-politics. Finally, it discusses the notion of ‘Arab exceptionalism’ and the winds of change that continue to persist throughout the region.

scholarly journals How Effective is the European Security Architecture? Lessons from Bosnia and Kosovo

2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Wouters ◽  
Frederik Naert
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Treaty Organization ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Security ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
The World

Security (in a broad sense, see infra, II.B) in Europe is the realm of several regional international organisations, mainly the European Union (“EU”), Western European Union (“WEU”), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (“NATO”), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (“OSCE”) and, to a lesser extent, the Council of Europe, creating a patchwork of regional security institutions that is unique in the world. These organisations interact in many ways and claim to be mutually reinforcing. Is that the case? Is there room for improvement?

scholarly journals Key institutional actors of European security: Current state and challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Boris Tučić
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
State Level ◽  
European Security ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face ◽  
Security Actor ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Institutional Actors ◽  
The Eu

This paper addresses the adaptability and ability of three institutional actors of European securitythe EU, the NATO, and the OSCE - to properly respond to security challenges facing Europe, especially those existing at the non-state level. The position, status, nature and functions, and the relations within and between the key institutional actors of European security are considered within the study of international relations. Weaknesses in their operation have been identified, which are of a structural nature, but also a consequence of the international environment. In the EU, it is possible to identify a wide range of security policies, different developments and efficiencies. As a "civil force", the EU addresses security challenges using civil, political and economic instruments, focusing on the stability of its immediate environment. However, in order to play the role of a global security actor, the EU must build an autonomous security identity, which is, for now, an unsolvable problem. The NATO continues to be the personification of hard, military power in the face of security challenges, which does not sufficiently guarantee its security, and often means breaching the security of other countries. The OSCE, like NATO, is a relic of the past and its basic quality is diplomatic inclusiveness. It is an organization of "displaced" political power, without the necessary authority. The weaknesses of these three institutional actors, as well as the complexity of international relations, require a far higher level of political, functional and operational adaptability in order to understand and address the existing security challenges.

Major powers and geopolitical transformations in the Middle East: competing visions for managing international and regional balances

2019 ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Marwan Awni Kamil
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
International System ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
New Realism ◽  
Major Powers

This study attempts to give a description and analysis derived from the new realism school in the international relations of the visions of the great powers of the geopolitical changes witnessed in the Middle East after 2011 and the corresponding effects at the level of the international system. It also examines the alliances of the major powers in the region and its policies, with a fixed and variable statement to produce a reading that is based on a certain degree of comprehensiveness and objectivity.

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