scholarly journals Devastating Monsoon: Water Induced Disaster Management Practices in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 57-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Raj Tiwari ◽  
Santosh Rayamajhi
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Institutional Arrangement ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Civic Involvement ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Related Line ◽  
The Impact

Nepal is prone to a variety of recurring natural disasters such as floods, landslides, snow avalanches, thunderstorms, drought, earth quake and epidemics. In particular, floods, landslides, hailstorms and drought are almost regular phenomena. This paper has focused mainly on water induced disaster (Monsoon) prepared through review of documents, consultation with related line agencies and field level interaction with affected communities. The paper also seeks to explore and document the major disasters and their impacts in Nepal. It discusses policy and program, institutional arrangement and activities related to the disaster management as well as identification of gaps in the policy and program. Nepal has attempted to manage the prevalence of these hazards and their associated disasters through both informal civic involvement and formal government instruments. A legal and policy environment to deal with disasters has existed in one or the other form in Nepal since 1982, and these have been reviewed. Study showed that disaster management activities only found initial response rather post disaster program. However, findings of the previous and present programs and activities on disaster management have not addressed effectively to the vulnerable people and to reduce the impact from disasters at the local level. It is suggested that disaster management policy and program should be integrated and mainstreamed in development agenda.

Community-based Disaster Management and Its Salient Features: A Policy Approach to People-centred Risk Reduction in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
M. Salim Uddin ◽  
Sabrina Zaman ◽  
Mirza Ali Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Government

The discourse of disaster management has undergone significant change in recent years, shifting from relief and response to disaster risk reduction (DRR) and community-based management. Organisations and vulnerable countries engaged in DRR have moved from a reactive, top-down mode to proactive, community-focused disaster management. In this article, we focus on how national disaster management policy initiatives in Bangladesh are implementing community-based approaches at the local level and developing cross-scale partnerships to reduce disaster risk and vulnerability, thus enhancing community resilience to disasters. We relied chiefly on secondary data, employing content analysis for reviewing documents, which were supplemented by primary data from two coastal communities in Kalapara Upazila in Patuakhali District. Our findings revealed that to address the country’s vulnerabilities to natural disasters, the Government of Bangladesh has developed and implemented numerous national measures and policies over the years with the aim of strengthening community-focused risk reduction, decentralising disaster management, developing cross-scale partnerships and enhancing community resilience. Communities are working together to achieve an all-hazard management goal, accepting ownership to reduce vulnerability and actively participating in risk-reduction strategies at multiple levels. Community-based disaster preparedness activities are playing a critical role in developing their adaptive capacity and resilience to disasters. Further policy and research are required for a closer examination of the dynamics of community-based disaster management, the role of local-level institutions and community organisations in partnerships and resilience building for successful disaster management.

International Financial Management and Multinational Enterprises

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bowe
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Critical Survey ◽  
Financial Market Integration ◽  
Current Research Interest ◽  
The Impact

This article provides a selective, critical survey of the academic literature on the financial management policy of multinational enterprises (MNEs). The focus of much current research interest can be captured in two major themes which also dominate this analysis. The first is financial management policy in relation to the increasing volatility of real and financial asset prices in the international financial environment within which MNEs operate. This dictates one theme of this article: the impact of financial risk, in particular market risk, on MNEs and an appraisal of evolving financial risk management practices. The second theme is international market segmentation. The globalization of international business activity has evolved along with a trend towards increasing financial market integration, particularly in capital markets.

scholarly journals The Impact of Risk Management on Financial Performance of Banks: The Case of Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1332-1342
Author(s):  
Ayman Abu-Rumman, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Market Risk ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
The Impact

Scholars, professionals, and regulators regard efficient risk management as a pillar of bank management. The Basel Committee on Banks Regulation has introduced the Basel I Agreements, accompanied by the Basel II Agreements and recently the Basel III Agreement, to deal with this issue in the awareness of this circumstance and the need for the holistic approach to managing bank risk. Risk reduction is one of the determinants of banks' returns. Moreover, risk reduction, if practical, avoids or mitigates unnecessary threats and effectively controls the payouts. The latest global financial crisis taught us that risk reduction and implementation are necessary to achieve continued success objectives. The purpose of this study is to analyze Lebanese banks ' risk management policy and its effect on bank performance. This study investigates the impact of risk management practices on Lebanese banks' financial performance. Many banks had been facing risk management practices and default risks in loans because of the current financial and economic situations that Jordan is passing through. The research implemented the quantitative methodology by distributing the questionnaires to over 300 participants; however, only 123 respondents replied to them. The results were analyzed using regression analysis and proved a relationship between risk management and financial performance. The results showed a direct relationship between credit, liquidity, market risk, and financial performance. The findings showed that For every one unit increase in risk control, the risk financial performance is affected by 1%, while for every one unit increase in credit risk, the risk financial performance is affected by 1.6%, while for every one unit increase in market risk, the financial performance is affected by 1.5% and for every one-unit increase in liquidity risk the financial performance is affected by 4.7%.

scholarly journals The Perception of Overtourism from the Perspective of Different Generations

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam R. Szromek ◽  
Beata Hysa ◽  
Aneta Karasek
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Intergenerational Differences ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Impact

The problem of overtourism, i.e., tourist congestion in visited places, and the negative impacts of tourists on the environment and residents, are increasingly noticeable with the increase in popularity of tourism. In addition, human impact on the environment is often negative in relation to the assumptions of the concept of sustainable development. However, the attitude of tourists to the problem of overtourism may vary depending on their ages, because, as in every aspect of life, there are intergenerational differences arising from the political, economic or technological development of the times in which a given generation grew up. The main purpose of the article is to examine the public awareness of the phenomenon of overtourism in the context of intergenerational differences, as well as to determine the impact of tourists on the places visited and the local community. The study was conducted on a sample of 386 respondents representing the X, Y, and Z generations. The study results showed that there is awareness among all generations of respondents about the problem of overtourism, although indifference to this phenomenon was demonstrated by the youngest respondents (Z generation). The respondents also agreed on individual elements of their own impact on the environment and residents, but with different determinations. The article ends with recommendations on the introduction of various management practices that should be implemented in order to make tourism more responsible and sustainable in the future. It is proposed that a road map should be compiled at the local level for sustainable tourism development.

scholarly journals The Impact of Earthquakes on Apartment Owners and Renters in Te Whanganui-a-Tara (Wellington) Aotearoa New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6818
Author(s):  
Denise Blake ◽  
Julia S. Becker ◽  
Darrin Hodgetts ◽  
Kenneth J. Elwood
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Central Concern ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Evacuation Plans ◽  
Kaikoura Earthquake ◽  
The Impact

Apartment dwelling is on the increase in many cities in Aotearoa New Zealand, including those in earthquake-prone regions. Hence it is important that people working in disaster management and housing improve their understanding on how the living situations of apartment dwellers influence their disaster management practices. This knowledge is crucial for efforts to promote safety and preparedness. This paper explores what enables and constrains apartment dwellers in their ability to prepare for an earthquake. Eighteen people were interviewed who resided in Te Whanganui-a-Tara (Wellington) two years after the 2016 7.8 magnitude (Mw) Kaikōura earthquake. Of central concern was people’s ability to prepare for disasters and access knowledge about building and structural safety and how this knowledge mattered to what apartment dwellers were able to prepare for. We found that the agency to prepare was dependent on whether people owned or rented their dwellings. We report on participant accounts of dealing with body corporations, landlords, emergency kits, other emergency items, and evacuation plans.

scholarly journals Knowledge Management and its Effects on Financial Performance: Evidence from Dangote Flour Mills, Ilorin

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Bolatito Amudat Brimah ◽  
Wahid Damilola Olanipekun ◽  
Ayodeji Gbenga Bamidele ◽  
Musa Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Strategic Leadership ◽  
Dynamic Learning ◽  
The Impact

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of knowledge management and their impact on the financial performance of economic entities. It is determined that despite the key role of knowledge both for the development of the country (which in the 21st century is based mainly on knowledge) and to increase the value of the company, today companies do not fully use arrays of knowledge and data, which forms barriers to increase competitiveness in the strategic perspective. The main purpose of this study is to assess the impact of knowledge management on the financial performance of companies. Data for the study were obtained from a primary source based on a structured questionnaire with which Dangote Flourmills staff worked. The methodology of the work is a software product for statistical data processing – STATA 11, while the data analysis was performed on the basis of regression analysis, which was used to test hypotheses at the level of 5% significance. The analysis of the data confirmed the significance of the impact of all indicators of knowledge management on the financial performance of the economic entity. The results theoretically confirmed and empirically proved that strategic leadership, organizational culture, information, and communication technologies, effective human resource management practices have a significant impact on financial performance. This study concludes that knowledge management has a significant impact on the financial performance of businesses. The paper states that knowledge management activities help to focus the company’s management on the accumulation, storage, and use of knowledge to solve problems, dynamic learning, strategic planning, and making sound financial and economic decisions. The authors have formed the following recommendations: assistance from the management of the company to exchange knowledge, training and professional development; introduction of the latest digital technologies to improve communication and management mechanisms, based on the specifics, features, and needs of companies; ensuring and developing a corporate culture that allows you to balance and coordinate the actions of management policy. Keywords: knowledge management, human resources, strategic leadership, organizational culture, financial results of the company.

scholarly journals Predicting social and health vulnerability to floods in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1807-1823
Author(s):  
Donghoon Lee ◽  
Hassan Ahmadul ◽  
Jonathan Patz ◽  
Paul Block
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Coping Capacity ◽  
Health Vulnerability ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Floods are the most common and damaging natural disaster in Bangladesh, and the effects of floods on public health have increased significantly in recent decades, particularly among lower socioeconomic populations. Assessments of social vulnerability on flood-induced health outcomes typically focus on local to regional scales; a notable gap remains in comprehensive, large-scale assessments that may foster disaster management practices. In this study, socioeconomic, health, and coping capacity vulnerability and composite social-health vulnerability are assessed using both equal-weight and principal-component approaches using 26 indicators across Bangladesh. Results indicate that vulnerable zones exist in the northwest riverine areas, northeast floodplains, and southwest region, potentially affecting 42 million people (26 % of the total population). Subsequently, the vulnerability measures are linked to flood forecast and satellite inundation information to evaluate their potential for predicting actual flood impact indices (distress, damage, disruption, and health) based on the immense August 2017 flood event. Overall, the forecast-based equally weighted vulnerability measures perform best. Specifically, socioeconomic and coping capacity vulnerability measures strongly align with the distress, disruption, and health impact records observed. Additionally, the forecast-based composite social-health vulnerability index also correlates well with the impact indices, illustrating its utility in identifying predominantly vulnerable regions. These findings suggest the benefits and practicality of this approach to assess both thematic and comprehensive spatial vulnerabilities, with the potential to support targeted and coordinated public disaster management and health practices.

scholarly journals Performance Budgeting in Context: An Analysis of Italian Central Administrations

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Andrea Bonomi Savignon ◽  
Lorenzo Costumato ◽  
Benedetta Marchese
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Performance Budgeting ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The impact of financial austerity in many countries and the need to set the direction for governments have radically changed several aspects of Public sector management (Rubin and Willoughby 2014; Anessi-Pessina et al. 2016). A central component of this effort to transform public management involves using strategic planning and performance measures for budgeting decisions (Joyce 1997). Over the last decade, there has been an increase in the use of performance budgeting at the national as well as at subnational and local level, with varying approaches and results across countries (Bleyen et al. 2017; OECD 2017). This article analyzes the dynamics of strategic planning and performance management practices in relation to the budgeting processes in the context of the Italian central government, with the aim of evaluating whether a predominant integration model is apparent in relation to those used in different countries at the OECD level. Starting in 2009, reforms concerning the implementation of performance management tools in the Italian public sector have been promoted and revised, although the need to fully integrate the performance and budgeting processes looks urgent. Based on data from Italian Ministries, this article analyzes the type of relationship and the degree of coherence between adopted strategic plans and budgets. The results show the persistence of a prevalent misalignment between planning and budgeting. Data that were collected from the analysis of strategic plans and budgets from ten Ministries depict a patchy situation, in which some ministries integrate the processes defining a consistent and comparable model, while some others do not. In the conclusions, areas for improvement of the process are identified, while providing policy implications.

Lessons on COVID-19 pandemic and Earthquake Response: What we have learned from the October 30, 2020, Mw 6.9 Samos (Eastern Aegean, Greece) earthquake

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyridon Mavroulis ◽  
Maria Mavrouli ◽  
Thekla Thoma ◽  
Asimina Kourou ◽  
Maria Manousaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Emergency Shelters ◽  
Eastern Aegean ◽  
The Impact

<p>On October 30, 2020, an Mw=6.9 earthquake struck the eastern Aegean Sea. It was the largest earthquake in Europe and the deadliest worldwide in 2020, as it resulted in 119 fatalities (117 in Turkey, 2 in Greece) from partial or total building collapse. Moreover, it generated environmental effects and damage to the built environment in both countries. The primary earthquake environmental effects included permanent surface deformation and coseismic surface ruptures, while the secondary effects comprised tsunami, slope failures, liquefaction phenomena, hydrological anomalies and ground cracks.</p><p>Every time a strong earthquake strikes, disaster management plans for emergency response tested in drills are applied under real conditions and on large scale. Immediately after the 2020 Samos earthquake, Greek authorities launched the largest mobilization of resources for assisting the affected population since the initiation of the COVID-19 pandemic in Greece.</p><p>Public authorities from all administration levels, civil protection agencies as well as security and armed forces were mobilized. All emergency plans for protection of life, health and property of the affected population were applied according to the existing legislation framework. The immediate response comprised search and rescue operations, first-aid treatment and medical care, provision of emergency supplies, establishment of emergency shelters, building inspections and assessment of damage extent. Moreover, the Greek government announced immediate relief measures and financial assistance for reconstruction and repairs.</p><p>The local population and responders were exposed to geohazards including the earthquake, the subsequent tsunami and aftershocks among other effects and to the evolving COVID-19 pandemic. The situation was more serious as there were many contradicting issues in the emergency response phase. Actions usually applied in the pre-pandemic period are in contradiction with the main measures for preventing SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The novel coronavirus adds extra risk to these life-saving activities. Thus, these actions had to adapt to the newly introduced conditions and adopt provisional measures for mitigation and elimination of COVID-19 consequences.</p><p>This study focuses on the emergency response actions taken shortly after the earthquake amid the COVID-19 pandemic. They comprised establishment of the operational centres and emergency shelters in outdoor places, mandatory mask wearing indoors and outdoors at all times by all responders, immediate housing of homeless in hotels and touristic facilities in order to maintain social distancing, provision of protective equipment against COVID-19 transmission in responders and the affected population among others.</p><p>Based on the officially reported laboratory-confirmed daily COVID-19 cases in the earthquake-affected area during the pre- and post- disaster period, it is concluded that the impact of the natural hazards on the evolution of the pandemic in the affected area was negligible. The viral load was low and no increase of the infection rate was recorded.</p><p>From the aforementioned, it is concluded that the disaster management policy amid pandemic in Greece proved to be more efficient than thought with a well-planned and well-structured procedure for dealing not only with earthquakes amid pandemic, but also with other types of disasters induced by natural hazards. This approach could be used as a guide for similar compound emergencies worldwide.</p>

scholarly journals Decision-making and operations in disasters: challenges and opportunities

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1964-1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Rodríguez-Espíndola ◽  
Pavel Albores ◽  
Christopher Brewster
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Operational Level ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Decision-making structures are commonly associated with the logistics challenges experienced during disaster operations. However, the alignment between the operational level and the decision-making structure is commonly overlooked. The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of the fit of both levels and its impact on performance. Design/methodology/approach The research is developed around a case study in Mexico. Through a review of the disaster management policy in the country, interviews and secondary data, the paper provides an analysis of the current decision-making structure, the logistics activities undertaken by authorities and the impact of the alignment between both components on logistics performance. Findings The analysis suggests that several of the challenges commonly associated with centralisation are actually rooted on its alignment with the operational level. The logistics performance is negatively affected by faulty assumptions, poorly planned procedures, inconsistent decision-making and poorly designed structures. The case showed the need to align the operational level with a centralised perspective to increase responsiveness, flexibility and the interaction between different organisations. Originality/value This paper identifies the impact of the misalignment between the decision-making structure and the operational level on logistics performance, an area currently understudied. It moves from the current argument about the appropriate decision-making structure for disaster management to the identification of components to implement an efficient and effective disaster management system. Additionally, this paper provides recommendations for best practices in humanitarian logistics, which are applicable to Mexico and other countries using a centralised decision-making approach.

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