scholarly journals Knowledge Regarding Gastritis among Late Adolescence in Central Nepal

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Sashi Silwal ◽  
Astha Acharya ◽  
Bimala Baral ◽  
Anirudra Devkota ◽  
Aadesh Subedee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Inferential Test ◽  
Acute Gastritis ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of

Gastritis is an inflammation or irritation of the lining of the stomach, can be a brief and sudden illness (acute gastritis), a long-lasting condition (chronic gastritis). Gastritis is the top most common cause of morbidity. This study is designed to find out knowledge regarding gastritis among late adolescence. A descriptive research design was used for the study. A semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analysed and the descriptive and inferential test was applied by using SPSS. The study finding revealed eighty percent of the participants knew the definition of gastritis,66% on risk factors, 50% respondents on causes, 23.7% on sign and symptom,56.66% on management and 48.5% respondents on complications, and 66.55% on prevention of gastritis. The level of knowledge is average in causes, signs and symptoms, management and complications. More specifically,68% of respondents had average knowledge on gastritis and 4% had excellent knowledge. The level of knowledge of respondents is statistically significant with sex (p=0.021) and socio-economic status (p=0.008). The finding of the study revealed that knowledge on gastritis is average among the respondents. So the health education is needed for students to increase their knowledge.

The Multi-Relationship Evaluation Design Framework: Designing Testing Plans to Comprehensively Assess Advanced and Intelligent Technologies

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Weiss ◽  
Linda C. Schmidt ◽  
Harry A. Scott ◽  
Craig I. Schlenoff
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Evaluation Design ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Summative Assessments ◽  
Extensive Evaluation ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Key Terms

As new technologies develop and mature, it becomes critical to provide both formative and summative assessments on their performance. Performance assessment events range in form from a few simple tests of key elements of the technology to highly complex and extensive evaluation exercises targeting specific levels and capabilities of the system under scrutiny. Typically the more advanced the system, the more often performance evaluations are warranted, and the more complex the evaluation planning becomes. Numerous evaluation frameworks have been developed to generate evaluation designs intent on characterizing the performance of intelligent systems. Many of these frameworks enable the design of extensive evaluations, but each has its own focused objectives within an inherent set of known boundaries. This paper introduces the Multi-Relationship Evaluation Design (MRED) framework whose ultimate goal is to automatically generate an evaluation design based upon multiple inputs. The MRED framework takes input goal data and outputs an evaluation blueprint complete with specific evaluation elements including level of technology to be tested, metric type, user type, and, evaluation environment. Some of MRED’s unique features are that it characterizes these relationships and manages their uncertainties along with those associated with evaluation input. The authors will introduce MRED by first presenting relationships between four main evaluation design elements. These evaluation elements are defined and the relationships between them are established including the connections between evaluation personnel (not just the users), their level of knowledge, and decision-making authority. This will be further supported through the definition of key terms. An example will be presented in which these terms and relationships are applied to the evaluation design of an automobile technology. An initial validation step follows where MRED is applied to the speech translation technology whose evaluation design was inspired by the successful use of a pre-existing evaluation framework. It is important to note that MRED is still in its early stages of development where this paper presents numerous MRED outputs. Future publications will present the remaining outputs, the uncertain inputs, and MRED’s implementation steps that produce the detailed evaluation blueprints.

scholarly journals Assess the Effectiveness of Video-assisted Teaching on Knowledge Regarding Non-scalpel Vasectomy among Married Men in Selected Area in Rural Community

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Pratibha Wankhede ◽  
Shrutika Gode ◽  
Achal Gulghane ◽  
Vaibhav Hatwar ◽  
Subodh Itkalwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Video Assisted ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Vasectomy is a surgical procedure in which the two tubes that carry sperm from the two testicles to the urinary tract are surgically altered, preventing sperm from passing through and fertilizing a woman's egg during sexual intercourse. Objective: To determine the level of awareness of non-scalpel vasectomy and the impact of a video-assisted training programme among married males in a rural region. Community. To determine the relationship between the effectiveness of a video-assisted training programme on non-scalpel vasectomy knowledge and a set of demographic variables. Methods: A descriptive survey method design. We conducted the descriptive research design study in the Wardha district of Maharashtra. We search for the rural area in Wardha district and men in the area. A total number of 100 men were taken inside this study. The study uses a non-probability convenient sampling technique. Results: Findings from the study reveal that assess the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching on knowledge regarding non-scalpel among married men in selected area of Wardha district. There was an increase in the knowledge about non-scalpel vasectomy. The educational program is most important for enhancing the knowledge of the community men regarding non-scalpel vasectomy. Conclusion: Our study draws the following conclusions to assess the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching on knowledge regarding non-scalpel vasectomy among married men are the very poor level of knowledge and accompanied by a lot of misconceptions.

scholarly journals Assessment of Nurses Awareness Regarding Hemodialysis Complications: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lahore, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Sadia Nasarullah ◽  
Muhammad Hussain ◽  
Kousar Perveen ◽  
Muhammad Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Hemodialysis Unit ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the awareness of nurses regarding hemodialysis complication in Lahore, Pakistan. Methodology: Descriptive research design was used to conduct this study. The study was conducted at the Hemodialysis Unit at tertiary Care Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. The sample of the study consisted of 110 nurses (female) working in the hemodialysis unit, aged between 18 and 55 years has agreed to participate in this study. The self-administered questionnaire sheet was used to collect study-related data with the following sections. Part 1: ''Nurse's socio-demographic characteristics'', Part 2: "Nurses 'Awareness of Hemodialysis Practices", Part 3: "Nurses' Awareness of Hemodialysis Complications" Findings: Most of the nurses had a good level of knowledge about the complications of hemodialysis and very few of them had little knowledge. Most of the nurses were females and were aged 18-27. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Further research should be done on a larger sample of them which focuses on their practice and should make the results of their study regarding their knowledge and its reflection on their practice  

scholarly journals Knowledge concerning HPV among adolescent undergraduate nursing students

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marislei Sanches Panobianco ◽  
Aline Daiane Faim de Lima ◽  
Iácara Santos Barbosa Oliveira ◽  
Thais de Oliveira Gozzo
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Undergraduate Nursing Students ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Undergraduate Nursing ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
College Of Nursing ◽  
The University

The objectives of this descriptive and quantitative study were to identify and assess the level of knowledge of undergraduate nursing students concerning factors related to the sexually transmitted disease, Human Papillomavirus (HPV). A questionnaire was administered to 58 undergraduate nursing students at the University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirão Preto, College of Nursing. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics through the Epi Info software. Results revealed that 46.6% of the participants are sexually active; 96.3% reported safe sex with the use of condoms, though 29.6% of them do not use one regularly. Regarding the forms of transmission, 69% reported knowing them, while only 20.7% reported knowledge of HPV's signs and symptoms. Additionally, 54.3% of the adolescents reported not knowing what HPV can cause. Greater investment in health education directed to young individuals is required to promote health and prevent diseases, particularly those caused by the Human Papillomavirus.

Rheumatoid Arthritis: Etiology and Pathogenesis

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary S. Firestein ◽  
Anna-Karin H. Ekwall
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology ◽  
European League Against Rheumatism ◽  
Citrullinated Proteins ◽  
Definition Of

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is among the most common forms of chronic inflammatory arthritis. It affects approximately 1% of adults and is two to three times more prevalent in women than in men. There are no specific laboratory tests for RA; diagnosis depends on a constellation of signs and symptoms that can be supported by serology and radiographs. The disease evolves over many years as a consequence of repeated environmental stress causing inflammation and immune activation followed by a breakdown of tolerance in individuals with a specific genetic background. This review describes the definition of RA; its etiology, including genetics, infections, the role of smoking and citrullination of proteins, and epigenetic mechanisms; and its pathogenesis, including synovial histopathology, bone and cartilage damage, adaptive and innate immunity, and the role of cytokines and intracellular signaling. Tables include the 1987 American Rheumatism Association criteria for the classification of RA and the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism classification for RA. Figures show citrullinated proteins in airway cells, a section of a proliferative synovium from a patient with a classic RA, and scalloped regions of erosion at the junction between a proliferative inflamed rheumatoid synovium and the bone. This review contains 3 highly rendered figures, 2 tables, and 71 references.

School and Home Influence on Alcohol Consumption Among School Children in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Joy-Telu Hamilton-Ekeke ◽  
John Moses
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
School Children ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

The purpose of the study is to ascertain if school variable (peer group pressure) and home variables (family history of alcohol consumption, socio-economic status of the family, attitude of parent towards alcohol drinking and cultural norms/festivity) lead to alcohol consumption among adolescents and proffer solution to the social menace of alcohol consumption among secondary school children. The study was a descriptive research design with mixed methods of data collection involving questionnaire and interview schedule. A sample of 100 students out of a population of 130 students and 180 students each of the mid-class (SS 2 and JS 2) of the senior and basic secondary schools respectively were involved in the study. Four hypotheses were posited and tested using Chi-square and statistical decisions made. The instruments for the study were questionnaire and interview schedule with a reliability coefficient of 0.78 using Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient. It was found that parents are the major source of alcohol supply for many young Nigerians and children are often first introduced to alcohol in the family - home. Parents who drink alcohol are more likely to exhibit permissiveness towards alcohol use in their adolescent children. Based on the findings from this study, it could be concluded that children aged 10-16 years in Yenagoa metropolis of Nigeria, indulged in alcohol consumption regularly and in high quantity which is not good for their health. It is necessary that parents should present themselves as suitable role models in – order to guide their children against anti-social behaviours.

TESTING AS A METHOD OF CONTROL AND ASSESSMENT OF THE FORMATION OF COMPETENCIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Belalov R.М.
Keyword(s):  
Educational Practice ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of

At the present stage, pedagogical tests are one of the most accessible and developed methods for assessing students' knowledge. Evaluation of the results of global research on testing problems showed that the developers of test items pay special attention to the form and their standardization, the processing of test results and the interpretation of the data obtained, methods of automatic test formation. The goal is to study the possibility of using testing to assess the formation of students' competencies. Materials and methods. Theoretical: a review of psychological and pedagogical literature on research issues, analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization. Results. Testing characterizes a number of properties, the main of which is the objectivity of the assessment of results, the definition of "gaps" in knowledge. The result of testing is obtaining objective information about the quality of knowledge and skills, determining the sections that are the worst learned by the students. All of the above makes it possible to adjust the course of training. Test control can be external, when the subjects are offered a dichotometric range, which contains both completed and unfulfilled tasks on a wide range of issues. During the testing process, students have the opportunity to independently identify gaps in their own knowledge. The study confirms the possibility of using testing in assessing the formation of students' competencies and ultimately provides an increase in the level of knowledge. Conclusion. At the present stage, the introduction of tests into educational practice is an inevitable process, therefore, efforts should be directed to the development of a theoretical platform for the testing system, which will entail an increase in the efficiency of using tests as a form of control.

Allergic Response

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joud Hajjar ◽  
Lawrence B Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Consensus Conference ◽  
Allergic Response ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Keywords Allergy ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Definition Of

The term hypersensitivity refers to diseases caused by an immune response, regardless of whether the response is against a pathogen, nonpathogen, or self and regardless of whether the response is directed by antibodies, lymphocytes, or innate pathways. The term anaphylaxis was coined in 1902 by Charles Richet, who received the Nobel Prize in 1913; this systemic allergic response is now known to be an immediate hypersensitivity reaction, initiated by allergen delivered to a host having allergen-specific IgE, thereby causing an IgE-mediated immunologic response and activating mast cells and basophils to secrete bioactive mediators. In 2005, the National Institutes of Health organized a consensus conference to develop a working definition of anaphylaxis, designed to be used by physicians at the bedside, as a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset, typically eliciting various combinations of cutaneous, cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal manifestations, and may cause death.1,2 This facilitated the early treatment of such patients with epinephrine. Confusion arises over the misapplication of the term allergy or hypersensitivity to describe any untoward reaction to food, medications, or environmental exposures. Furthermore, non–IgE-mediated forms of local and systemic mast cell or basophil activation events can occur, causing signs and symptoms similar to those mediated by IgE.  This review contains 3 figures, 9 tables, and 62 references. Keywords: allergy, hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, interleukin, chemokines, immunoglobulin E, mast cell, eosinophil

Rapidly Progressive Dementia and Coma

2019 ◽  
pp. 704-712
Author(s):  
Prasuna Kamireddi ◽  
Jason L. Siegel ◽  
Dennis W. Dickson
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Progressive Dementia ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Definition Of

In most patients with dementia, the clinical signs and symptoms progress gradually over many years. However, neurointensivists may encounter patients who have rapidly progressive dementia (RPD). Often these patients need to be admitted to the intensive care unit for management of status epilepticus, agitation, or ventilation in coma. Although the prototype of RPD is Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, this chapter reviews other common causes of RPD. An established definition of RPD does not exist, but in this chapter RPD refers to the loss of more than 1 cognitive domain and functional ability, usually occurring over a few months.

scholarly journals Delineating the Psychic Structure of Substance Use and Addictions, from Neurobiology to Clinical Implications: Ten Years Later

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1913
Author(s):  
Pier Paolo Pani ◽  
Angelo G. I. Maremmani ◽  
Matteo Pacini ◽  
Emanuela Trogu ◽  
Gian Luigi Gessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Addictive Behavior ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Longitudinal Approach ◽  
Full Picture ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Neuropsychological Evidence ◽  
Psychiatric Manifestations

The diagnosis of substance use disorder is currently based on the presence of specifically identified behavioral symptoms. In addition, other psychiatric signs and symptoms accompany addictive behavior, contributing to the full picture of patients’ psychopathologic profile. Historically, such symptoms were confined within the framework of “comorbidity”, as comorbid psychiatric disorders or personality traits. However, an alternative unitary view of the psychopathology of addiction, inclusive of related psychiatric symptoms, has been claimed, with the support of epidemiological, neurobiological, and neuropsychological evidence. In the present article, we highlight the research advancements that strengthen this unified perspective. We then give an account of our group’s definition of a specific SCL-90-based construct of the psychopathology of addiction. Lastly, we discuss the benefits that can be expected to be acquired in the evaluation and treatment of patients with a longitudinal approach including psychological/psychiatric predisposing features, addictive behavior, and psychiatric manifestations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document