scholarly journals Information support for research of financial behavior of households

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (99) ◽  
pp. 275-290
Author(s):  
O. M. Varchenko ◽  
I. M. Paska ◽  
I. V. Artimonova ◽  
О. O. Drahan
Keyword(s):  
Complete Information ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Financial Behavior ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Consumption Expenditures ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Available Resources

The article substantiates the need for the formation of appropriate information support for the study of financial behavior of the population, due to the lack of official statistics. Existing sample surveys conducted by research teams do not always meet the objectives of this study, and most of them are not publicly available. It is argued that today there are difficulties in obtaining accurate and reliable data that represents the behavior of individuals and households. Official statistics form databases on households in terms of income and expenditure, material well-being, investment behavior, employment structure, migration, health and nutrition structure, education and other indicators It is determined that when studying the financial behavior of the population, it is advisable to establish not only the results of decisions about spending money, but also the motives. The constituent sources of information on the peculiarities of the formation of income and expenditure by peasant households are systematized and proposals for their improvement are developed taking into account foreign practice. It is established that there is a difference between the domestic practice and the European approach to estimating the value of products produced for own consumption. was donated to relatives and others. It is substantiated that in order to form a system of information support for the study of financial behavior of households, it is advisable to conduct a special survey, which should form indicators of available resources and cash expenditures and savings. It is established that this approach will create an information database that displays complete information on the amount of available resources, which includes in addition to cash income estimates of natural consumption from various sources, as well as the amount of loans and savings, as well as information on consumption expenditures and savings within households.

scholarly journals Social Representations of Drinking Water in Schoolchildren and Parents from Two Schools in Zapopan, Mexico

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1871
Author(s):  
Alejandra María Corona-Romero ◽  
María Fernanda Bernal-Orozco ◽  
Gabriela Alejandra Grover-Baltazar ◽  
Barbara Vizmanos
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Functional Dimension ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Practical Dimension

Childhood obesity and children being overweight has increased recently; although they are multi-causal problems, an unhealthy diet is a critical component. In Mexico, drinking water consumption in children from 9 to 18 years only reaches 30% of total fluid consumption. The aim of our study was to describe the social representations (SR) of drinking water in school-children and parents of two schools in Zapopan, Mexico. Associative free listing was used as an information gathering technique. Schoolchildren aged 8 to 12 years (n = 50) and parents (n = 23) from two elementary schools were selected by a convenience sampling from April to June 2015. A similarity analysis was performed using the co-occurrence index; with this, a similarity graph was obtained. Prototypical analysis was performed to explore the structure of the SR. Three dimensions were described in the children’s SR: a functional dimension related to health and nutrition, a practical dimension that describes the instruments used for its consumption, and a theoretical dimension that specifies the characteristics of water and its relationship with nature. In the parents’ SR, a functional dimension was also found; another dimension was described regarding the integral well-being that drinking water provides. A practical dimension describes the features related to its consumption. The investigation describes the structure of the water SR, which help to contextualize and explain the actions of schoolchildren and their parents regarding drinking water consumption.

scholarly journals Modernity in British advertising: selling cocoa and chocolate in the 1930s

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael French
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Advertising Agency ◽  
Consumer Durables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
New Consumer ◽  
Health And Well Being

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the evolution of “push” marketing in the confectionery industry in Britain during the 1930s. It examines the interplay between a manufacturer and advertising agency in creating advertising for cocoa and chocolate. Design/methodology/approach A survey of the literature examines the uses of health and well-being in the design of advertising in Britain between the wars. The records of Rowntree and its main advertising agency, J Walter Thompson, are used to examine the themes and tactics used in advertising for cocoa and Aero chocolate bars during the 1930s. Findings The paper emphasises the different ways in which health and nutrition was used in advertising for the two products. The campaigns of the 1930s built on earlier use of these themes. J Walter Thompson looked for ways of presenting commodities as “new and improved” and their role extended into pressing for changes to production methods and the nature of products. Themes of modernity, sexuality and lifestyles all featured, confirming conclusions of earlier studies. However, targeting of mothers and of different age and gender groups indicated that market segmentation was used extensively via print media and tailored advertising messages. Originality/value Although Cadbury, Rowntree and confectionery have been studied in depth before, this paper emphasises their role in applying new advertising ideas to everyday items. It points to the influence of advertising on the mass of consumers compared to the middle- and upper-income groups targeted in the marketing of houses, motor-cars and new consumer durables.

The “Best of 2021 List” of Health Promotion Researchers

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712110732
Author(s):  
Paul E. Terry
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Editorial Team ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Workplace Interventions ◽  
Award Winning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Criteria For Selection

Each year the editorial team of the American Journal of Health Promotion selects our “Best of the Year List” of health promotion studies from the prior year. This editorial features the Editor’s Picks Awards, the Editor in Chief Awards, the Michael P. O’Donnell Award and the Dorothy Nyswander Award for the research and writing published in 2021 in this journal. Our criteria for selection includes: whether the study addresses a topic of timely importance in health promotion, the research question is clearly stated and the methodologies used are well executed; whether the paper is often cited and downloaded; if the study findings offer a unique contribution to the literature; and if the paper is well-written and enjoyable to read. Awardees in 2021 offered new insights into addressing discrimination against race or sexual identity, preferred sources of information about COVID-19 and the impact of community and workplace interventions on healthy lifestyles. This year’s award winning research spans from character to culture relative to improving well-being.

Emergent Tangled Program Graphs in Partially Observable Recursive Forecasting and ViZDoom Navigation Tasks

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
Stephen Kelly ◽  
Robert J. Smith ◽  
Malcolm I. Heywood ◽  
Wolfgang Banzhaf
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Visual Navigation ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Variation Operators ◽  
Incremental Construction ◽  
Partially Observable ◽  
First Person Shooter ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Program Graph

Modularity represents a recurring theme in the attempt to scale evolution to the design of complex systems. However, modularity rarely forms the central theme of an artificial approach to evolution. In this work, we report on progress with the recently proposed Tangled Program Graph (TPG) framework in which programs are modules. The combination of the TPG representation and its variation operators enable both teams of programs and graphs of teams of programs to appear in an emergent process. The original development of TPG was limited to tasks with, for the most part, complete information. This work details two recent approaches for scaling TPG to tasks that are dominated by partially observable sources of information using different formulations of indexed memory. One formulation emphasizes the incremental construction of memory, again as an emergent process, resulting in a distributed view of state. The second formulation assumes a single global instance of memory and develops it as a communication medium, thus a single global view of state. The resulting empirical evaluation demonstrates that TPG equipped with memory is able to solve multi-task recursive time-series forecasting problems and visual navigation tasks expressed in two levels of a commercial first-person shooter environment.

Monitoring the socio-economic development as a priority of official statistics

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 12-24
Author(s):  
Renata Bielak ◽  
Ewa Czumaj
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Information Share ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
High Quality Information ◽  
Effective Transfer ◽  
Transfer Of Information

The mission of official statistics is to provide credible, reliable, independent and high-quality information on the state and changes in society, the economy and the environment, meet the needs of domestic and foreign users. Fulfillment of this obligation is reflected in the work of the current official statistics and in development activities. Monitoring of the socio-economic development requires continuous adaptation of statistics to the changing reality and the description of the phenomena and processes. The role of official statistics in the modern world goes far beyond the implementation of the research. Measuring sustainable development and information support for development policy are tangible examples of the undertaken challenges. The form and manner of data presentation have increasing importance for the effective transfer of information. To answer the need to improve communication with users, the CSO is implementing new systems of information share. The article describes, among others, ”Strateg” and ”Knowledge Databases”.

Violencia en el hogar contra mujeres adultas durante el confinamiento por la pandemia de Covid-19 en México

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (6, Nov-Dic) ◽  
pp. 782-788
Author(s):  
Rosario Valdez-Santiago ◽  
Aremis Litai Villalobos-Hernández ◽  
Luz Arenas-Monreal ◽  
Karla Flores ◽  
Luciana Ramos-Lira
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
National Representation ◽  
Low Levels

Objective. To analyze the prevalence of domestic violence in adult women during confinement derived from the Co­vid-19 pandemic and individual, familiar and communitarian associated factors. Materials and methods. A second­ary analysis was carried out the 2020 National Health and Nutrition Survey on Covid-19, with national representation. A logistic regression model adjusted for the variables of interest was performed. Results. The prevalence was 5.8%. The most reported acts were shouting, insults or threats (4.3%). Most of the women who reported some type of violence in the home had already experienced it before the confinement. Low levels of well-being (OR= 1.96, 95%CI: 1.28,2.99), and living in a home where job was lost due to contingency (OR= 1.96, 95%CI: 1.41,2.73) were associated factors. Conclusions. In care interventions, it is necessary to take into account factors that deepen the vulnerability of women, such as pre-existing violence and loss of employment.

THEORETICAL BASIS FOR THE PREVENTION OF PENITENTIARY CRIMES

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Андрей Александрович Нуждин
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
The Difference

В свете роста числа преступлений, совершаемых осужденными и лицами, заключенными под стражу, аспекты предупредительного воздействия на возникающие в уголовно-исполнительной системе процессы выходят на лидирующее место. Важно понимать, что сотрудниками учреждений и органов уголовно-исполнительной системы принимаются значительные усилия для минимизации преступных посягательств. Тем не менее данная деятельность не всегда является системной и логически последовательной. Представляется, что проблема кроется в теоретическом базисе борьбы с пенитенциарной преступностью, который до настоящего времени так полноценно и не сложился. Цель научной статьи заключается в теоретическом осмыслении института предупреждения пенитенциарных преступлений, уяснении методов и мер предупредительного воздействия, определения источников информационного обеспечения. Автор постарался максимально точно определить границы пенитенциарных преступлений, показать разницу в методах и мерах предупреждения преступности в уголовно-исполнительной системе. В статье указаны источники информационного обеспечения, проводя анализ которых возможно предельно ясно понимать, какие методы будут эффективными при выявлении причин и условий, способствующих совершению пенитенциарных преступлений, а какие меры будут способствовать борьбе с преступностью осужденных и лиц, заключенных под стражу. In the light of the growing number of crimes committed by convicted persons and persons in custody, the aspects of preventive impact on the processes that arise in the penitentiary system are taking a leading place. It is important to understand that employees of institutions and bodies of the penitentiary system make significant efforts to minimize criminal attacks. However, this activity is not always systematic and logically consistent. It seems that the problem lies in the theoretical basis of the fight against penitentiary crime, which has not yet fully developed. The purpose of the scientific article is to provide a theoretical understanding of the Institute for the prevention of penitentiary crimes, to understand the methods and measures of preventive action, and to determine the sources of information support. The author tried to define the boundaries of penitentiary crimes as accurately as possible, to show the difference in methods and measures of crime prevention in the penitentiary system. The article indicates the sources of information support, analyzing which is possible to understand very clearly what methods will be effective in identifying the causes and conditions that contribute to the Commission of penitentiary crimes, and what measures will contribute to the fight against crime of convicts and persons in custody.

scholarly journals The Use of Official Statistics in Self-Selection Bias Modeling

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 887-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Dalla Valle
Keyword(s):  
Selection Bias ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Development Education ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Available Information

Abstract Official statistics are a fundamental source of publicly available information that periodically provides a great amount of data on all major areas of citizens’ lives, such as economics, social development, education, and the environment. However, these extraordinary sources of information are often neglected, especially by business and industrial statisticians. In particular, data collected from small businesses, like small and medium-sized enterprizes (SMEs), are rarely integrated with official statistics data. In official statistics data integration, the quality of data is essential to guarantee reliable results. Considering the analysis of surveys on SMEs, one of the most common issues related to data quality is the high proportion of nonresponses that leads to self-selection bias. This work illustrates a flexible methodology to deal with self-selection bias, based on the generalization of Heckman’s two-step method with the introduction of copulas. This approach allows us to assume different distributions for the marginals and to express various dependence structures. The methodology is illustrated through a real data application, where the parameters are estimated according to the Bayesian approach and official statistics data are incorporated into the model via informative priors.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN DOMESTIK DAN ASING DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS RASIO MODAL SAHAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syahrul Syarifudin
Keyword(s):  
Information Support ◽  
Price Ratio ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Equity Ratio ◽  
Capitalization Rate ◽  
Domestic Companies ◽  
Better Than

There are companies that stand in Indonesia that are owned by foreigners. People tend to judge that the performance of foreign companies is better than domestic companies. This is due to the assumption that foreign companies have relatively larger capital, technology, and expertise that is better than domestic companies. Another presumption is that before, during, and after the crisis the performance of foreign-owned companies is better than domestic companies. In addition, to find out the good and bad performance of a company, it can use a stock capital ratio analysis. With this stock capital ratio, it can be seen the rate of return on equity, the ratio of earning per share, profit price, capitalization rate, and dividend income. So that the analysis can help investors and potential investors as sources of information support in investing in the company. The results of the data analysis using the T-test (Difference Test) found that there was no significant difference between the return on equity ratio, earnings per share ratio, the profit price ratio, the capitalization rate and dividend income. Thus the performance of domestic companies is significantly similar to the performance of foreign companies.Keywords: Earning per share, profit ratio, , capitalization ratio

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