scholarly journals Genetic selection for hoof health traits and cow mobility scores can accelerate the rate of genetic gain in producer-scored lameness in dairy cows

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (11) ◽  
pp. 10034-10047 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C. Ring ◽  
A.J. Twomey ◽  
N. Byrne ◽  
M.M. Kelleher ◽  
T. Pabiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Selection For

scholarly journals Short Communication: Genetic Selection for Milk Production Increases Plasma Ghrelin in Dairy Cows

2006 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 3471-3475 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Roche ◽  
A.J Sheahan ◽  
L.M. Chagas ◽  
D.P. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Selection For

scholarly journals Molecular Markers for Metabolic Adaptation in Dairy Cows: SNAI2 Gene Variations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Vasudhar Bhat ◽  
M. Shynu ◽  
P.D. Divya ◽  
Akshatha G. Desai ◽  
G.H. Akhil
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Exonic Region ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Pregnant State ◽  
Concentration Methods

Background: Healthy transition from non-lactating pregnant state to non-pregnant lactating state is an important in the profitability of dairying. Though feeding and managemental practices play an important role in the adaptation to transition, animals kept on similar feeding and management exhibit differences in adaptation indicating an underlying genetic cause. In the present study, the sequence of gene SNAI2, which is considered to have an effect on metabolic adaptability has been compared among animals with apparently varying adaptability, as indicated by their β-hydroxy butyric acid (BHBA) concentration. Methods: During the period from August 2018 to May 2019, blood was collected and serum was separated from 30 pregnant cross bred (belonging to Sunandini genetic group of cross bred cattle of Kerala) dairy cows at fortnightly intervals from four weeks before the predicted day of parturition until four weeks after parturition. Concentration of BHBA was determined. Based on BHBA concentration the animals were sorted into two groups (High BHBA and low BHBA) using cluster analysis. Blood was collected, DNA extracted and SNAI2 gene amplified using custom synthesised primers. Amplicons from representative animals of each group were sequenced. The sequences obtained were aligned and compared using clustal-ω. Result: The comparison of the sequence of SNAI2 gene amongst the animals having high BHBA and those with low BHBA revealed two variations between the groups, one at promoter region, 61 bp upstream to the gene and other was at exonic region at 1560 bp. In silico structural analysis revealed difference in protein structure. The changes observed in the gene SNAI2 between the sets of animals grouped based on BHBA has to be studied on a larger population to ascertain the suitability of them being used as markers of genetic selection for metabolic adaptability, which in turn can increase the profitability of dairying.

Field evidence of metabolic stress in dairy cows?

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
W. R. Ward ◽  
C. S. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Beta Hydroxybutyrate

AbstractThe authors review their experiences of metabolic profiles in dairy herds, with a view to assessing whether metabolic stress is a problem in Great Britain at present. Many cows show elevated blood beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration, indicating energy deficit, or elevated urea levels, indicating an imbalance between energy and protein in the rumen but at present there is no evidence that high-yielding cows in commercial herds show more metabolic stress than low-yielding cows. The authors suggest that more cows could suffer metabolic stress in the future, unless farmers’ ability to feed and manage dairy cows develops as rapidly as genetic selection for high milk yield.

Behavioural consequences of the genetic selection for health and fertility or ‘robustness’ in dairy cows: responsiveness to novelty and human interaction

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 42-42
Author(s):  
J. Gibbons ◽  
R. Donald ◽  
R. Turl ◽  
L. Maggs ◽  
E. Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Physical Environment ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Body Energy

Modern dairy cows appear to be less ‘robust’ or adaptable than in the past, as typified by high involuntary culling and poorer health. This could be addressed by the use of broader breeding goals and breeding indices that include traits that are likely to improve fertility and health. Body energy balance and growth rate in the first lactation are traits that are likely to underlie health and fertility and have been included in an index of robustness (Wall et al., 2006). However, we need to ensure that the inclusion of these new traits does not have any unforeseen effects on animal behaviour, which may reduce the welfare of the individual or the group she is housed in. Selection to improve body condition may mean that the animals seek increased access to feed. It may be hypothesised that this could lead them to be more aggressive at the feed-trough. Alternatively, they may increase their feed intake by becoming unresponsive to the social and physical environment, and feeding outwith the peak feeding period. This could mean that they become less responsive to their environment and possibly become harder to handle. The aim of this experiment was to compare the behaviour of daughters of bulls which scored high on the functionality sub-index of the robustness index (‘high functionality’ bulls) with daughters of bulls which scored low (‘low functionality’ bulls) on this sub-index. Specifically, we investigated the responsiveness to the environment, by assessing reactions to a novel object and to an unfamiliar person.

Genetic selection for nonstructural carbohydrates and its impact on other nutritive attributes of alfalfa ( Medicago sativa ) forage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Claessens ◽  
Marie Bipfubusa ◽  
Caroline Chouinard‐Michaud ◽  
Annick Bertrand ◽  
Gaëtan F. Tremblay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Nonstructural Carbohydrates ◽  
Selection For

scholarly journals Influence of Genetic Selection for Growth and Broodstock Diet n-3 LC-PUFA Levels on Reproductive Performance of Gilthead Seabream, Sparus aurata

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
Shajahan Ferosekhan ◽  
Serhat Turkmen ◽  
Cathaysa Pérez-García ◽  
Hanlin Xu ◽  
Ana Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Growth Trait ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Broodstock Diet

Genetic selection in gilthead seabream (GSB), Sparus aurata, has been undertaken to improve the growth, feed efficiency, fillet quality, skeletal deformities and disease resistance, but no study is available to delineate the effect of genetic selection for growth trait on GSB reproductive performance under mass spawning condition. In this study, high growth (HG) or low growth (LG) GSB broodstock were selected to evaluate the sex steroid hormones, sperm, egg quality and reproductive performance under different feeding regime of commercial diet or experimental broodstock diet containing either fish oil (FO) or vegetable oil (VO) based diet. Under commercial diet feeding phase, broodstock selected for either high growth or low growth did not show any significant changes in the egg production per kg female whereas egg viability percentage was positively (p = 0.014) improved by the high growth trait broodstock group. The experimental diet feeding results revealed that both growth trait and dietary fatty acid composition influenced the reproductive performance of GSB broodstock. In the experimental diet feeding phase, we observed high growth trait GSB males produced a higher number of sperm cells (p < 0.001) and also showed a higher sperm motility (p = 0.048) percentage. The viable egg and larval production per spawn per kg female were significantly improved by the broodstock selected for high growth trait and fed with fish oil-based diet. This present study results signifies that gilthead seabream broodstock selected on growth trait could have positive role in improvement of sperm and egg quality to produce viable progeny.

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