scholarly journals SIGNATURES OF ANTI-THOMSEN — FRIEDENREICH ANTIGEN ANTIBODY DIVERSITY IN COLON CANCER PATIENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Krutenkov ◽  
M Bubina ◽  
K Klaamas
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Ammonium Thiocyanate ◽  
Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Antibody Diversity ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Diagnostic Potential

Aim: To determine whether the structural and functional diversities of naturally occurring antibodies to the Thomsen — Friedenreich (TF) antigen may be of diagnostic and prognostic value in colon cancer. Materials and Methods: Serum samples were taken from patients with colon cancer (n = 94) and healthy controls (n = 64). The level of TF-specific antibody isotypes and their sialylation were determined using ELISA and lectin-ELISA with synthetic TF-polyacrylamide conjugate as an antigen and a sialic acid-specific Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA). The avidity was determined using ammonium thiocyanate as a chaotrope. The accuracy of diagnostics was evaluated using the receiver operator characteristic curve analysis and the survival analysis employing the Kaplan — Meier method. Results: Compared to healthy controls, patients with colon cancer exhibited a lower level of anti-TF IgG antibodies, significantly lower ratios of TF-specific IgG/IgM and IgG/IgA, an increased SNA reactivity of anti-TF antibodies, mostly on account of IgG, and a lower avidity of TF-specific antibodies, especially their SNA-reactive subset. An increased SNA reactivity of anti-TF IgG was observed already at the early stages of cancer (p = 0.0004). The decrease of the ratio of IgG/IgM and IgG/IgA showed a good accuracy of diagnostics with about 60% sensitivity at 90% specificity. A similar potential was found for the SNA binding/IgG level index. The high level of TF-specific IgA antibodies was associated with a lower survival rate (hazard ratio = 0.34). Conclusion: This is the first report ever on the colon cancer-related signatures of anti-TF antibody diversity which show diagnostic potential, including in early cancer, and prognostic value. The hypersialylation of TF-specific antibodies appeared to be a common phenomenon in cancer. The signatures may be used as non-invasive antibody-based markers for colon cancer.

Hepatitis C virus core antigen assay: an alternative method for hepatitis C diagnosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Wang ◽  
Hong Lv ◽  
Guojun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Alternative Method

Background The study aimed to evaluate a fully automated chemiluminescent immunoassay and compared it with a quantitative RNA assay and anti-HCV assay to verify the utility of this automated Ag assay as an alternative method for hepatitis C diagnosis. Methods A total of 229 serum samples previously tested for anti-HCV concentrations by the Architect Anti-HCV assay, were selected for HCV RNA testing by real time RT-PCR kit (Shanghai ZJ Bio-Tec Co., Ltd) and 125 specimens were tested for HCV Ag by the Architect HCV core Antigen kit. Results The log10 HCVAg and HCV RNA concentrations were highly correlated [ r = 0.834); with HCV RNA as the comparator test, HCVAg had 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value (PPV) and 94.8% sensitivity. We found 1 pg/mL of total HCV core Ag is equivalent to approximately 6607HCV RNA international units (IU)/mL. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of HCV core Ag (0.989) was greater than HCV Ab (0.871). HCV Ag concentrations and RNA-to-Ag ratio of the groups for HCV RNA concentrations ≤105 and >105 IU/mL were both significantly different from each other ( P < 0.05). Conclusion The Architect HCV core Ag assay may be an alternative method for hepatitis C diagnosis, performed on the same analytical platform and sample as the anti-HCV assay, shortening the diagnostic window period, demonstrating good correlation with HCV RNA assay with high specificity and positive predictive value.

scholarly journals Metabolomic profiling reveals serum L-pyroglutamic acid as a potential diagnostic biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiong Zhang ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Xiaofeng Yin ◽  
Haifang Wang ◽  
Chen Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Independent Set ◽  
Pyroglutamic Acid ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Medical Progress ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Abstract Objective The spectrum of clinical manifestations and serological phenomena of SLE is heterogeneous among patients and even changes over time unpredictably in individual patients. For this reason, clinical diagnosis especially in complicated or atypical cases is often difficult or delayed leading to poor prognosis. Despite the medical progress nowadays in the understanding of SLE pathogenesis, disease-specific biomarkers for SLE remain an outstanding challenge. Therefore, we undertook this study to investigate potential biomarkers for SLE diagnosis. Methods Serum samples from 32 patients with SLE and 25 gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) were analysed by metabolic profiling based on liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics platform. The further validation for the potential biomarker was performed in an independent set consisting of 36 SLE patients and 30 HCs. Results The metabolite profiles of serum samples allowed differentiation of SLE patients from HCs. The levels of arachidonic acid, sphingomyelin (SM) 24:1, monoacylglycerol (MG) 17:0, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine (lysoPE) 18:0, lysoPE 16:0, lysophosphatidyl choline (lysoPC) 20:0, lysoPC 18:0 and adenosine were significantly decreased in SLE patients, and the MG 20:2 and L-pyroglutamic acid were significantly increased in SLE group. In addition, L-pyroglutamic acid achieved an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.955 with high sensitivity (97.22%) and specificity (83.33%) at the cut-off of 61.54 μM in the further targeted metabolism, indicating diagnostic potential. Conclusion Serum metabolic profiling is differential between SLE patients and HCs and depicts increased L-pyroglutamic acid as a promising bitformatomarker for SLE.

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Value of Mir-133a in ST Elevation and Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Yehuda Wexler ◽  
Udi Nussinovitch
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve ◽  
St Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
The Impact

Numerous studies have reported correlations between plasma microRNA signatures and cardiovascular disease. MicroRNA-133a (Mir-133a) has been researched extensively for its diagnostic value in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). While initial results seemed promising, more recent studies cast doubt on the diagnostic utility of Mir-133a, calling its clinical prospects into question. Here, the diagnostic potential of Mir-133a was analyzed using data from multiple papers. Medline, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched for publications containing “Cardiovascular Disease”, “MicroRNA”, “Mir-133a” and their synonyms. Diagnostic performance was assessed using area under the summary receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC), while examining the impact of age, sex, final diagnosis, and time. Of the 753 identified publications, 9 were included in the quantitative analysis. The pooled AUC for Mir-133a was 0.73. Analyses performed separately on studies using healthy vs. symptomatic controls yielded pooled AUCs of 0.89 and 0.68, respectively. Age and sex were not found to significantly affect diagnostic performance. Our findings indicate that control characteristics and methodological inconsistencies are likely the causes of incongruent reports, and that Mir-133a may have limited use in distinguishing symptomatic patients from those suffering AMI. Lastly, we hypothesized that Mir-133a may find a new use as a risk stratification biomarker in patients with specific subsets of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).

scholarly journals RNU6-1 in circulating exosomes differentiates GBM from non-neoplastic brain lesions and PCNSL but not from brain metastases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Puigdelloses ◽  
Marisol González-Huárriz ◽  
Marc García-Moure ◽  
Naiara Martínez-Vélez ◽  
Inés Esparragosa Vázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Central Nervous System Lymphoma ◽  
Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Subacute Stroke ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions

Abstract Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Circulating biomarkers may assist in the processes of differential diagnosis and response assessment. GBM cells release extracellular vesicles containing a subset of proteins and nucleic acids. We previously demonstrated that exosomes isolated from the serum of GBM patients had an increased expression of RNU6-1 compared to healthy subjects. In this exploratory study, we investigated the role of this small noncoding RNA as a diagnostic biomarker for GBM versus other brain lesions with some potential radiological similarities. Methods We analyzed the expression of RNU6-1 in circulating exosomes of GBM patients (n = 18), healthy controls (n = 30), and patients with subacute stroke (n = 30), acute/subacute hemorrhage (n = 30), acute demyelinating lesions (n = 18), brain metastases (n = 21), and primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL; n = 12) using digital droplet PCR. Results Expression of RNU6-1 was significantly higher in GBM patients than in healthy controls (P = .002). RNU6-1 levels were also significantly higher in exosomes from GBM patients than from patients with non-neoplastic lesions (stroke [P = .05], hemorrhage [P = .01], demyelinating lesions [P = .019]) and PCNSL (P = .004). In contrast, no significant differences were found between patients with GBM and brain metastases (P = .573). Receiver operator characteristic curve analyses supported the role of this biomarker in differentiating GBM from subacute stroke, acute/subacute hemorrhage, acute demyelinating lesions, and PCNSL (P &lt; .05), but again not from brain metastases (P = .575). Conclusions Our data suggest that the expression of RNU6-1 in circulating exosomes could be useful for the differentiation of GBM from non-neoplastic brain lesions and PCNSL, but not from brain metastases.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Diagnostic Potential of Epigenetically Deregulated MiRNAs in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Kumar ◽  
Sameer Gupta ◽  
Amrita Chaurasia ◽  
Manisha Sachan
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Mirna Gene ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Diagnostic Potential

BackgroundEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies among women worldwide. Early diagnosis of EOC could help in ovarian cancer management. MicroRNAs, a class of small non-coding RNA molecules, are known to be involved in post-transcriptional regulation of ~60% of human genes. Aberrantly expressed miRNAs associated with disease progression are confined in lipid or lipoprotein and secreted as extracellular miRNA in body fluid such as plasma, serum, and urine. MiRNAs are stably present in the circulation and recently have gained an importance to serve as a minimally invasive biomarker for early detection of epithelial ovarian cancer.MethodsGenome-wide methylation pattern of six EOC and two normal ovarian tissue samples revealed differential methylation regions of miRNA gene promoter through MeDIP-NGS sequencing. Based on log2FC and p-value, three hypomethylated miRNAs (miR-205, miR-200c, and miR-141) known to have a potential role in ovarian cancer progression were selected for expression analysis through qRT-PCR. The expression of selected miRNAs was analyzed in 115 tissue (85 EOC, 30 normal) and 65 matched serum (51 EOC and 14 normal) samples.ResultsAll three miRNAs (miR-205, miR-200c, and miR-141) showed significantly higher expression in both tissue and serum cohorts when compared with normal controls (p &lt; 0.0001). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of miR-205, miR-200c, and miR-141 has area under the curve (AUC) values of 87.6 (p &lt; 0.0001), 78.2 (p &lt; 0.0001), and 86.0 (p &lt; 0.0001), respectively; in advance-stage serum samples, however, ROC has AUC values of 88.1 (p &lt; 0.0001), 78.9 (p &lt; 0.0001), and 86.7 (p &lt; 0.0001), respectively, in early-stage serum samples. The combined diagnostic potential of the three miRNAs in advance-stage serum samples and early-stage serum samples has AUC values of 95.9 (95% CI: 0.925–1.012; sensitivity = 96.6% and specificity = 80.0%) and 98.1 (95% CI: 0.941–1.021; sensitivity = 90.5% and specificity = 100%), respectively.ConclusionOur data correlate the epigenetic deregulation of the miRNA genes with their expression. In addition, the miRNA panel (miR-205 + miR-200c + miR-141) has a much higher AUC, sensitivity, and specificity to predict EOC at an early stage in both tissue and serum samples.

scholarly journals Detection of specific IgG, IgM, IgE and IgG subclass antibodies for serological diagnosis of human cystic echinococcosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Naik ◽  
R. Kumar Tenguria ◽  
Ehtishamul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Igg Subclass ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Specific Antibodies

SummaryAn enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), based on sheep hydatid cyst fluid antigen was used for the detection of specific antibodies of IgG, IgM, IgE and IgG subclass in the serum samples of 62 clinically and radiologically diagnosed cystic echinococcosis (CE) patients, 8 clinically suspected cases of CE, 25 other parasitic disease controls and 25 healthy controls. The diagnostic sensitivity in the clinically and radiologically suggestive cases (n = 62) for IgG antibody detection was highest (93 %), followed by IgE, IgG4, IgG1, IgG2, IgM and IgG3 with 89 %, 87 %, 85 %, 76 %, 70 % and 55 % respectively. The detection of specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG4 antibody showed the higher diagnostic sensitivity and specificity to the extent that they can be safely used as better substitute to IgG. Even though, the diagnostic sensitivity of IgG was highest (93%) but was less specific (88 %) due to the frequent non-specific reactions in the sera of patients with other parasitic infections and healthy controls. None of the sera samples from healthy controls gave non-specific reaction with IgE, IgG1 and IgG4 and there was a considerably reduced cross-reaction with these antibodies. The most discriminatory and specific antibodies found in this study belonged to IgE, IgG1 and IgG4; therefore, these antibodies may serve as useful diagnostic markers for CE.

Determinants of Arterial Stiffness in Female Patients with Takayasu Arteritis

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1374-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilton Salles Rosa Neto ◽  
Maurício Levy-Neto ◽  
Elaine Cristina Tolezani ◽  
Eloísa Bonfá ◽  
Luiz Aparecido Bortolotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Takayasu Arteritis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Average Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Logistic Analysis

Objective.The assessment of pulse wave velocity (PWV) in Takayasu arteritis (TA) is complex because of many confounding factors. We evaluated PWV in female patients with TA and controls with comparable anthropometric and clinical variables and assessed a possible association of TA with disease variables.Methods.We evaluated 27 patients with TA consecutively. Exclusion criteria were menopause, smoking, diabetes, renal insufficiency, poorly controlled hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, obesity, inflammatory comorbidities, pregnancy, and surgical procedures involving the aorta. Disease activity was determined by clinical and laboratory variables. As healthy controls, 27 subjects with comparable age, blood pressure, height, and weight were selected. Carotid-femoral PWV measurements were obtained using the Complior system.Results.The mean PWV in patients with TA was higher than in healthy controls (9.77 ± 3.49 vs 7.83 ± 1.06 m/s; p = 0.009). Despite our strict selection criteria, patients with TA had an average systolic blood pressure (SBP) 8 mmHg higher than controls (p = NS), and significantly higher pulse pressure values. The multivariate linear regression model shows that 93.8% of the PWV variability is explained by the variables age, mean BP, and the disease itself (adjusted R2= 0.938). Stepwise logistic analysis using the PWV cutoff value established by the receiver-operator characteristic curve (> 8.34 m/s) as dependent variable, and measures with significance in univariate analysis as independent variables revealed that TA (OR 4.69; 95% CI 1.31–16.72; p = 0.017) and mean BP (OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.00–1.12; p = 0.048) were independently associated with higher PWV. Further analysis of disease variables revealed that PWV values were not correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, cumulative dose of glucocorticoid, or ejection fraction (p > 0.05).Conclusion.In our cohort of female patients with TA, the disease itself and mean BP were the strongest determinants associated with arterial stiffness.

scholarly journals Serum microRNA characterization identifies miR-885-5p as a potential marker for detecting liver pathologies

2010 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhao Gui ◽  
Yaping Tian ◽  
Xinyu Wen ◽  
Wenhui Zhang ◽  
Pengjun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serum Microrna ◽  
Serum Mirnas ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Real Time Qpcr

Circulating miRNAs (microRNAs) are emerging as promising biomarkers for several pathological conditions, and the aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using serum miRNAs as biomarkers for liver pathologies. Real-time qPCR (quantitative PCR)-based TaqMan MicroRNA arrays were first employed to profile miRNAs in serum pools from patients with HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) or LC (liver cirrhosis) and from healthy controls. Five miRNAs (i.e. miR-885-5p, miR-574-3p, miR-224, miR-215 and miR-146a) that were up-regulated in the HCC and LC serum pools were selected and further quantified using real-time qPCR in patients with HCC, LC, CHB (chronic hepatitis B) or GC (gastric cancer) and in normal controls. The present study revealed that more than 110 miRNA species in the serum samples and wide distribution ranges of serum miRNAs were observed. The levels of miR-885-5p were significantly higher in sera from patients with HCC, LC and CHB than in healthy controls or GC patients. miR-885-5p yielded an AUC [the area under the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve] of 0.904 [95% CI (confidence interval), 0.837–0.951, P<0.0001) with 90.53% sensitivity and 79.17% specificity in discriminating liver pathologies from healthy controls, using a cut off value of 1.06 (normalized). No correlations between increased miR-885-5p and liver function parameters [AFP (α-fetoprotein), ALT (alanine aminotransferase), AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and GGT (γ-glutamyl transpeptidase)] were observed in patients with liver pathologies. In summary, miR-885-5p is significantly elevated in the sera of patients with liver pathologies, and our data suggest that serum miRNAs could serve as novel complementary biomarkers for the detection and assessment of liver pathologies.

scholarly journals The Thomsen-Friedenreich Antigen-Specific Antibody Signatures in Patients with Breast Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Kurtenkov ◽  
Kaire Innos ◽  
Boris Sergejev ◽  
Kersti Klaamas
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ammonium Thiocyanate ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Antibody Isotypes

Alterations in the glycosylation of serum total immunoglobulins show these antibodies to have a diagnostic potential for cancer but the disease-related Abs to the tumor-associated antigens, including glycans, have still poorly been investigated in this respect. We analysed serum samples from patients with breast carcinoma (n = 196) and controls (n = 64) for the level of Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen-specific antibody isotypes, their sialylation, interrelationships, and the avidity by using ELISA with the synthetic TF-polyacrylamide conjugate as an antigen and the sialic acid-specificSambucus nigraagglutinin (SNA) and ammonium thiocyanate as a chaotrope. An increased sialylation of IgG and IgM, but a lower SNA reactivity of IgA TF antibodies, and a higher level and avidity of the TF-specific IgA were found in cancer patients. Other cancer-related signatures were the highly significant increase of the IgG/IgA ratio and the very low SNA/IgA index in cancer, including patients with an early stage of the disease. These changes showed a good diagnostic potential with about 80% accuracy. Thus, the level of naturally occurring anti-TF antigen antibodies, their sialylation profile, isotype distribution, and avidity displayed cancer-specific changes that could serve as novel noninvasive Ab-based biomarkers for early breast cancer.

Hypermyelination of the left auditory cortex in developmental dyslexia

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. e492-e497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Skeide ◽  
Pierre-Louis Bazin ◽  
Robert Trampel ◽  
Andreas Schäfer ◽  
Claudia Männel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Developmental Dyslexia ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
T1 Relaxation ◽  
Common Learning

ObjectiveCortical malformations are documented postmortem in speech processing areas of the dyslexic human brain. The goal of this pilot study was to find out if such anatomic anomalies can be detected noninvasively and in vivo.MethodsWe developed a reconstruction of left perisylvian cortex profiles at a resolution of 400 μm using T1 data acquired with ultra-high-field MRI at 7T. Cortical thickness, myelinated cortical thickness, and layer-wise myelination were then compared in 6 men with developmental dyslexia and 6 healthy controls matched for age, sex, handedness, education level, and nonverbal IQ.ResultsCompared to healthy controls, dyslexic individuals showed comparable cortical thickness (t[1,10] = 1.98, p = 0.311) but significantly increased myelinated cortical thickness ratio (t[1,10] = 3.85, p = 0.013, familywise error–corrected, Cohen d = 2.03), resulting in an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.944 (p = 0.010, standard error 0.067, 95% confidence interval 0.814–1). Moreover, T1 relaxation, especially in layer IV of the left auditory cortex, was also significantly increased (t[1,10] = 3.32, p = 0.043, familywise–error corrected, Cohen d = 1.67).ConclusionsOur findings provide critical insights into the neurobiological manifestation of the most common learning disorder and suggest that our approach might also shed new light on other neurodevelopmental disorders associated with cortical abnormalities.

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