scholarly journals Evidence for the importance of community involvement: Implications for initiatives to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV

2001 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Voluntary Counseling And Testing ◽  
Counseling And Testing ◽  
Mother To Child

This paper offers lessons learned from a literature review of community involvement in biomedical and other technologies that can guide appropriate and effective introduction of services for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. A companion paper discusses research in Botswana and Zambia that showed gaps in community knowledge about HIV transmission, particularly from mother to child, and yielded insights into community perspectives about barriers to using voluntary counseling and testing services; stigma and fear associated with HIV; traditional norms on breastfeeding; and the role of family and community members in women’s decisions to participate in programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. A separate publication (“Community involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Insights and recommendations”) offers recommendations for community involvement strategies. Placed within the framework of community involvement, an intervention that addresses mother-to-child transmission of HIV offers an enormous opportunity to improve HIV prevention and care. Successful interventions can influence how AIDS is perceived by the community, reduce stigma, and have an effect beyond the immediate prevention of perinatal transmission.

scholarly journals Women, communities, and the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Issues and findings from community research in Botswana and Zambia

2001 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Voluntary Counseling And Testing ◽  
Counseling And Testing ◽  
Traditional Norms ◽  
Mother To Child

This paper discusses research in Botswana and Zambia that showed gaps in community knowledge about HIV transmission, particularly from mother to child, and yielded insights into community perspectives about the barriers to using voluntary counseling and testing services; the stigma and fear associated with HIV; traditional norms on breastfeeding; and the role of family and community members in women’s decisions to participate in programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. A separate Population Council publication (“Community involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Insights and recommendations”) offers recommendations for community involvement strategies that will encourage program planners to include community participation, education, and mobilization as critical program elements. An intervention that addresses mother-to-child transmission of HIV is complex, yet it is one of the few biomedical interventions currently available for reducing the transmission of HIV that is feasible and affordable in resource-constrained settings. Placed within the framework of community involvement, it offers an enormous opportunity to improve HIV prevention and care. Successful interventions can influence how AIDS is perceived by the community, reduce stigma, and have an effect beyond the immediate prevention of perinatal transmission.

scholarly journals Ndola Demonstration Project: A midterm analysis of lessons learned

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Health Program ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
District Health ◽  
Voluntary Counseling And Testing ◽  
Counseling And Testing ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
And Child Health

This report summarizes baseline and midterm findings of an intervention pilot study conducted by Horizons, LINKAGES, National Food and Nutrition Commission, District Health Management Team, Hope Humana, and the Zambia Integrated Health Program in Ndola District, Zambia. The aim of the research is to investigate how integrating services for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMCT) of HIV into low-resource maternal and child health (MCH) and antenatal care (ANC) settings influences women’s ability to make and implement informed decisions about HIV. The intervention strengthened routine services and introduced HIV voluntary counseling and testing and PMCT counseling and services into the MCH/ANC setting. Exclusive breastfeeding was promoted for all mothers with infants below six months of age.

scholarly journals Community involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Insights and recommendations

2001 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
Task Team ◽  
Effective Community ◽  
Mother To Child

Mother-to-child transmission is the primary route of HIV infection in children under 15 years of age. Since the beginning of the HIV epidemic, an estimated 5.1 million children worldwide have been infected with HIV. Clinical trials in several countries have shown that mother-to-child transmission of HIV can be greatly reduced through administering antiretroviral therapy to pregnant women. These trials culminated in a recommendation by UNAIDS and its partners in the Interagency Task Team for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission that prevention of perinatal transmission should be a part of the standard package of care for HIV-positive women and their children. Moreover, prevention programs can enhance communities’ response to HIV. In 1999, the Population Council and the International Center for Research on Women initiated activities to identify mechanisms for enhancing community involvement in efforts to prevent mother-to-child transmission. The organizations reviewed the literature on community involvement in the introduction of technologies and assessed community views on preventing mother-to-child transmission in Botswana and Zambia. The literature review provided information about community involvement in earlier introductions of technologies. As noted in this report, that information can guide appropriate and effective community involvement.

scholarly journals Female perspectives of male partners’ inclusion in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programme in KwaZulu-Natal

Curationis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mondli Miya ◽  
Tennyson Mgutshini
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Mother To Child

Background: The South African government intervened by implementing the prevention of mother–to-child transmission programme (PMTCT) to curb the HIV transmission from mother to child during and after pregnancy. The PMTCT programme has been at the forefront of global prevention efforts since 1998. Without treatment, the risk of transmission ranges from one in five to one in two newborns; however, the risk of mother-to-child transmission can be reduced to as low as 2%–5% with evidenced interventions. Sub-Saharan Africa, and most particularly South Africa, is the most affected by the pandemic despite having the largest financial investment in PMTCT services across the continent.Objectives: The objectives of the study were to describe and explore the female perspectives of male inclusion in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programme in KwaZulu-Natal.Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive, explorative study was conducted through in-depth individual interview of pregnant women until data saturation.Results: The findings of the study revealed that the existing design of public hospitals was not wholly conducive to facilitating male inclusion in maternal and child health services. Resources were largely insufficient to support the participation of pregnant mothers and any attempts to support the inclusion of males needed to be based on a clear increase in service provision.Conclusion: The study recommended male partners’ inclusion in the prevention of mother- to-child HIV transmission to support effective management of HIV in pregnancy and PMTCT programmes. The inclusion of men will provide the holistic support needed by pregnant women on PMTCT programmes.

scholarly journals Call To action - Prevention of mother To child transmission of HIV

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Ashraf Hassen Coovadia ◽  
Ameena Ebrahim Goga ◽  
Laurie Schowalter
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Pmtct Programme ◽  
Is Implementation ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Drug Regimens ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Mother To Child

The Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT)programme is a critical intervention to reduce the incidence of paediatric HIV infections . It is also a key intervention to decrease infant, child and maternal mortality. The optimal implementation of a sound, evidence-based PMTCT programme is essential to meet both the HIV reduction targets in the National Strategic Plan1 and to achieve Millennium Development Goals(MDGs) 4 (reducing infant and child mortality) and 5 (reducing maternal mortalty).2 Since 2001, South Africa has been implementing a programme to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Since 2007, national PMTCT policy has evolved into a strong, enabling framework that should reduce vertical transmission significantly. This paper reviews the milestone studies that have contributed to our knowledge about drug regimens to reduce MTCT (mother-to-child transmission of HIV), reviews the latest South African PMTCT guidelines and the possible future changes. Strengthened / revised drug regimens for PMTCT are, essential but insufficient for measureable decreases in HIV transmission and improvements in maternal and childl health. The main challenge is implementation. Until the enhanced PMTCT policy is effectively operationalised, measureable achievements will remain elusive.

Risk factors for perinatal transmission of HIV among women attending prevention of mother-to-child transmission clinics in Northwest Nigeria

AIDS Care ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-332
Author(s):  
Oluwakemi Yetunde Sowale ◽  
Babayemi O. Olakunde ◽  
Chinedu Obi ◽  
Ademola J. Itiola ◽  
Oluwayemisi Erhunmwunse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child

Behandlung von HIV in der Schwangerschaft – Entwicklung über eine Dekade

2018 ◽  
Vol 223 (01) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Pitzen ◽  
Lucia Otten ◽  
Till Dresbach ◽  
Christoph Boesecke ◽  
Jan-Christian Wasmuth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv 1

Zusammenfassung Einleitung Mehr als 50% der rund 37 Mio. Menschen, die weltweit mit HIV leben, sind Frauen. Heutzutage kann die MTCT (Mother-to-child Transmission) auf<1% reduziert werden. Intention der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es, die Entwicklung (1) des Schwangerschaftsverlaufs HIV-positiver Frauen, (2) des Entbindungsmodus und (3) der Postexpositionsprophylaxe der Neugeborenen, über den Verlauf der letzten Dekade aufzuzeigen. Methodik Im Zeitraum 2005–2016 wurden die HIV- und geburtshilflichen Daten aller HIV-positiver, schwangerer Frauen, der Bonner HIV-Kohorte und die neonatalen Daten der HIV-exponierten Kinder ausgewertet. Die HIV-MTCT wurde für diesen Zeitraum untersucht. Ergebnisse Es wurden 87 Schwangerschaften bei 61 Frauen identifiziert. 70 Kinder wurden an der Universitätsfrauenklinik Bonn lebend geboren. Die Frauen waren zu 53% afrikanischer Herkunft. Der Median der CD4+-Zellzahl betrug präpartal 510 Zellen/μl (IQR 444) und lag bei 32 Frauen (52%) über 500 Zellen/μl. Die HI-Viruslast war präpartal bei 77% vollständig supprimiert (<50 HIV-1-RNA Kopien/ml) und lag bei 92% präpartal<400 HIV-1-RNA Kopien/ml. Im Vergleich zu dem Zeitraum 2005–2011 kam es zu einer deutlichen Reduktion der primären Sectiorate von 77 auf 58% im Zeitraum 2012–2016. Der Anteil der Kinder, die nach der 37 Schwangerschaftswoche geboren wurden, stieg nach 2012 von 60 auf 69% erkennbar an. Während im Zeitraum 2005–2011 78% der Neugeborenen mit ihrem Geburtsgewicht zwischen der 10. und 90. Perzentile lagen, nahm der Anteil nach 2012 auf 92% zu. 54 der 70 Neugeborenen (77%) wurden einem niedrig-normalen Transmissionsrisiko zugeordnet. In keinem Fall (0/70) kam es zu einer HIV-Transmission von Mutter zu Kind. Zusammenfassung In den Jahren 2005–2016 der Analyse hat keine vertikale HIV-Transmission von Mutter zu Kind stattgefunden. Es kam zu einer deutlichen Reduktion der primären Sectiorate und und zu einem Rückgang der Frühgeborenenrate, was die Änderung der Behandlungsstrategie in diesem Zeitraum widerspiegelt. Eine optimale interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit bleibt Grundlage für eine erfolgreiche Versorgung HIV-positiver, schwangerer Frauen.

Young Women’s Knowledge and Utilization of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV Services: Is There Any Relationship?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Sadandaula R. Muheriwa ◽  
Angela Chimwaza ◽  
Alfred Maluwa ◽  
Martha Kamanga
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Education ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Mother To Child

PURPOSE:To determine knowledge and practices of young women on utilization of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIVservices.DESIGN:A cross-section descriptive study that used quantitative and qualitative data analysis methodologies.FINDINGS:Knowledge of PMTCT of HIV among respondents was universal. All respondents (100%,N= 184) stated that utilization of PMTCT services reduces transmission of HIV from mother to child. Respondents knew that HIV transmission can be reduced with exclusive breastfeeding (93%,n= 172), abrupt weaning at 6 months (44%,n= 81), taking single-dose nevirapine (SD-NVP; 43%,n= 79), and giving NVP to the baby (65%,n= 120). Very few respondents (4%,n= 7) stated that avoiding pregnancy is one way of preventing HIV transmission and that a mother who is HIV positive who has received SD-NVP or antiretroviral (ARV) therapy can still deliver a baby who is HIV positive. Actual practice was very low; only 14% breastfed exclusively and only 3% weaned their babies abruptly. Although all the 184 mothers were given NVP to take at onset of labor, very few respondents (22%) took NVP as recommended. Although it was recommended that all babies take NVP at birth and within 72 hr of birth, only 58% of the babies received NVP as recommended and only 3% of the women avoided pregnancy.CONCLUSION:There was a big discrepancy between knowledge and practice of PMTCT services. Culture was the major barrier because traditionally, babies are expected to be breastfed and supplements are fed to babies, too. Most mothers did not adhere to the taking of NVP at onset of labor. Therefore, there is a need to mobilize communities on PMTCT of HIV. The HIV education programmes should emphasize behavior-change interventions and should focus on both men and women, their partners, and significant others. There is also need to intensify monitoring and evaluation of health workers’ activities to ensure that knowledge is put into practice.

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