scholarly journals Tambir : Jamur Alam Papua yang Berpotensi sebagai Jamur Konsumsi

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Supeni Sufaati ◽  
Vita Purnamasari ◽  
Verena Agustini ◽  
Suharno Suharno
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Local People ◽  
Alternative Protein

Fungi has several role for humankind, one of them is as food. The potency of wild edible mushrooms as a source of nutrition still need to be explored to support national food security. The aim of this study was to determine the composition of nutrient content of wild edible mushroom called Tambir that commonly be consumed as alternative food by local people in Jayapura, Papua. Samples were collected from the traditional market nearby Uncen campus in Waena, Jayapura, Papua. Micro Kjeldahl method was used to analyze the crude protein content, hexane-gravimetry for lipid, spectrophotometry for carbohydrate, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for amino acid composition. The results showed that this mushroom has 15.74 % crude protein, 2.59 % lipid, 50.17 % carbohydrate and 8 essential amino acids. The chemical value of those eight essential amino acids were more than 100 that means this mushroom has no amino acid limitation. Therefore, Tambir could be a good alternative protein source for local people. Key words: fungi, proteins, local knowledge, Tambir, Papua.

scholarly journals Effect of Seasonal Fluctuations on the Nutrient Content of Whole Body of Callinectes pallidus

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Oluwafemi Akinsola Omole ◽  
Oluwafunmike Blessing Adepoju ◽  
Nebert Ulteino Aeneas ◽  
Gloria O Nwauzor ◽  
Uchechi Ugoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Significant Difference

Due to the effect of species, age, sex, environment and season on the nutrientcomposition of seafood, the effect of seasonal fluctuations on the nutrient content of whole body of Callinectes pallidus caught during dry and wet seasonswas investigated.The proximate composition of the whole body of Callinectes pallidus caught in the month of February (dry season) and June (rainy season)was determined using standard methods, the fatty acid composition was analysed using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrophotometer and the amino acid composition was analyzed using Amino Acid Analyzer. Parameters such as crude fat, ash content and carbohydrateshowed significant difference (p<0.05) between Callinectes pallidus caught in February and Junewhile moisture content, crude protein and crude fibreshowed no significant difference (p<0.05). The percentage eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for C. pallidus caught in June (18.47%, 10.53%) was higher than those caught in February (11.21%, 6.90%) while the n-6/n-3 ratio of C. pallidus caught in February (1.07) was higher than those caught in June (0.71). Glutamic acid had the highest concentration of non-essential amino acid in C. pallidus caught in both seasons while leucine had the highest concentration of essential amino acids. This study showed that C. pallidus caught in wet season had higher crude protein content, polyunsaturated fatty acids and essential amino acids than C. pallidus caught in dry season.

scholarly journals Progress towards reduced-crude protein diets for broiler chickens and sustainable chicken-meat production

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Yun Liu ◽  
Shemil P. Macelline ◽  
Peter V. Chrystal ◽  
Peter H. Selle
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein

AbstractThe prime purpose of this review is to explore the pathways whereby progress towards reduced-crude protein (CP) diets and sustainable chicken-meat production may be best achieved. Reduced-CP broiler diets have the potential to attenuate environmental pollution from nitrogen and ammonia emissions; moreover, they have the capacity to diminish the global chicken-meat industry’s dependence on soybean meal to tangible extents. The variable impacts of reduced-CP broiler diets on apparent amino acid digestibility coefficients are addressed. The more accurate identification of amino acid requirements for broiler chickens offered reduced-CP diets is essential as this would diminish amino acid imbalances and the deamination of surplus amino acids. Deamination of amino acids increases the synthesis and excretion of uric acid for which there is a requirement for glycine, this emphasises the value of so-called “non-essential” amino acids. Starch digestive dynamics and their possible impact of glucose on pancreatic secretions of insulin are discussed, although the functions of insulin in avian species require clarification. Maize is probably a superior feed grain to wheat as the basis of reduced-CP diets; if so, the identification of the underlying reasons for this difference should be instructive. Moderating increases in starch concentrations and condensing dietary starch:protein ratios in reduced-CP diets may prove to be advantageous as expanding ratios appear to be aligned to inferior broiler performance. Threonine is specifically examined because elevated free threonine plasma concentrations in birds offered reduced-CP diets may be indicative of compromised performance. If progress in these directions can be realised, then the prospects of reduced-CP diets contributing to sustainable chicken-meat production are promising.

High protein wheats for poultry. 1. Use in broiler diets

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (53) ◽  
pp. 619 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Turner ◽  
GG Payne
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Factor ◽  
Protein Diets

High protein wheat was the sole cereal in 20 and 25 per cent crude protein broiler starter diets. On the. 25 per cent protein diet, performance was maximized without amino acid supplementation. Using high protein wheat in 20 per cent protein diets, growth rate was improved by l-lysine supplementation of 0.3 per cent. However, this growth rate was not at a maximum level. Some other dietary factor was necessary, and this did not appear to be essential amino acids, singly or in combination.

scholarly journals Amino Acid Compositions of 27 Food Fishes and Their Importance in Clinical Nutrition

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimal Mohanty ◽  
Arabinda Mahanty ◽  
Satabdi Ganguly ◽  
T. V. Sankar ◽  
Kajal Chakraborty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Dietary Counseling ◽  
Amino Acid Compositions

Proteins and amino acids are important biomolecules which regulate key metabolic pathways and serve as precursors for synthesis of biologically important substances; moreover, amino acids are building blocks of proteins. Fish is an important dietary source of quality animal proteins and amino acids and play important role in human nutrition. In the present investigation, crude protein content and amino acid compositions of important food fishes from different habitats have been studied. Crude protein content was determined by Kjeldahl method and amino acid composition was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and information on 27 food fishes was generated. The analysis showed that the cold water species are rich in lysine and aspartic acid, marine fishes in leucine, small indigenous fishes in histidine, and the carps and catfishes in glutamic acid and glycine. The enriched nutrition knowledge base would enhance the utility of fish as a source of quality animal proteins and amino acids and aid in their inclusion in dietary counseling and patient guidance for specific nutritional needs.

scholarly journals Connection of protein and amino acid content of forage and medium quality winter wheat varieties

2009 ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Zoltán Mezei ◽  
Ágnes Pongrácznl Barancsi ◽  
Péter Sipos ◽  
Zoltán Győri ◽  
János Csapó
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

We analysed the crude protein content, amino acid content, amino acid composition of four forage and milling III. quality winter wheat varieties (Magor, Hunor, Róna and Kondor) from their samples from five following years (2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007). We found that quantity of essential and non-essential amino acids rose with increase in crude protein content. On examination of protein amino acid composition in relation to crude protein content we found that the crude protein content increased the quantities of the non-essential amino acids also rose, while those of the essential amino acids decreased as the lysine, the limiting amino acid of wheat. We also established that, as crude protein content increased, the biological value of the protein decreased.

scholarly journals Connection of crude protein content and amino acid content of forage and medium quality winter wheat varieties in the relation of quantity and quality

2008 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Zoltán Mezei ◽  
Zoltán Győri ◽  
János Csapó
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

We analysed the crude protein content, amino acid content, amino acid composition of four forage and milling III. quality winter wheat varieties (Magor, Hunor, Róna and Kondor) from their samples from five following years (2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007). We found that quantity of essential and non-essential amino acids rose with increase in crude protein content. On examination of protein amino acid composition in relation to crude protein content we found that the crude protein content increased the quantities of the non-essential amino acids also rose, while those of the essential amino acids decreased as the lysine, the limiting amino acid of wheat. We also established that, as crude protein content increased, the biological value of the protein decreased.

scholarly journals Analisis Profil Protein dan Asam Amino Sarang Burung Walet (Collocalia fuchiphaga)Asal Painan

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Elfita
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Bird Nest ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
West Sumatra

Abstrak Penelitian tentang profil protein sarang burung wallet masih terbatas, terutama sarang burung walet dari Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa profil protein dan asam amino sarang burung walet yang berasal dari daerah Painan, Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan, Sumatera Barat. Analisis protein dilakukan dengan menggunakan SDS-PAGE, sedangkan analisis asam amino dilakukan dengan menggunakan kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (KCKT). Analisa ekstrak air sarang burung walet dengan SDS-PAGE menunjukan bahwa sarang burung walet terdiri dari 6 protein. Keenam protein tersebut mempunyai bobot molekul masing-masing 147.2 kDa, 142.6 kDa, 133.4 kDa, 73.3 kDa, 66.2 kDa dan 37.7 kDa. Dari analisa asam amino burung walet dengan KCKT didapatkan 16 asam amino yang terkandung dalam sarang burung wallet, yang terdiri dari 7 jenis asam amino esensial yaitu Histidin (2.31%), Leusin (3.84%), Treonin (3.82%), Valin (3.93%), Metionin (0.48%), Isoleusin (1.80%), Fenilalanine (4.49%)  dan 9 asam amino non esensial yaitu Asam Serin (4.56%), Aspartat (4.48%), Arginin (3.93%), Lisin (2.34 %), Prolin (3.64%),  Asam glutamate (3.65%), Glisin (1.87%), Alanin (1.31%), Tirosin (3.92%). Serin merupakan asam amino dengan kadar tertinggi (4.56%), diikuti dengan Fenil alanine (4.49%) dan Asam aspartate (4.48%). Kandungan asam amino ini sedikit berbeda dengan kandungan asam amino sarang burung walet dari daerah dan negara lain. Kata kunci: sarang burung walet, protein, asam amino Abstract Study on protein profile of bird nest is still limited particularly protein profile of bird nest from Indonesia has not been reported. Therefore, this study was aimed to analyze protein profile and amino acid composition of bird nest from Painan, Pesisir Selatan Distric, West Sumatra. Protein analysis was performed by SDS-PAGE, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for amino acid analysis. SDS-PAGE analysis showed  six bands, which molecular weigh of 147.2 kDa, 142.6 kDa, 133.4 kDa, 73.3 kDa, 66.2 kDa and 37.7 kDa, respectively. On the other hand, HPLC analysis demonstrated that bird nest was composed of 16 amino acids. Seven of them were essential amino acids; histidine (2.31%), leucine (3.84%), threonine (3.82%),  valine (3.93%), methionine (0.48%), isoleucine (1.80%), phenylalanine (4.49%), and nine of them were non-essential amino acids; serine (4.56%), aspartic acid (4.48%), arginine (3.93%), lysine (2.34%), proline (3.64%), glutamic acid (3.65%), glycine (1.87%), alanine (1.31%), tyrosine (3.92%). Serine was the highest percentage of amino acid in the bird nest (4.56%), followed by phenylalanine (4.49%) and aspartic acid (4.48%). Composition of amino acid in this bird nest was slightly different with composition of amino acid in bird nest from other area. Keywords : bird nest, protein profile, amino acids

scholarly journals The Analysis of Protein Level and Amino Acid Profile in Eels (Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor) of Lake Poso -

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Jamaluddin ◽  
Nur Atina ◽  
Yonelian Yuyun
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Anguilla Marmorata ◽  
Two Samples

In this study used a sample of eel fish species Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor from Poso lake that has a high protein content and is a fish endemic to Central Sulawesi. These eels are consumed by the surrounding community of the lake, but the nutritional content remains unknown. The present research was aimed to determine the protein level and amino acid profile of Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor eels. The protein level testing used Kjeldahl method, and amino acid profile used High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The results demonstrate the protein level of the two samples Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard eels have a protein content of 41.84% and Anguilla bicoloreels at 33.75%. Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor eels contain 18 types of amino acid, comprised of 9 types of essential amino acids and 9 types of non-essential amino acids. Of the two samples of eel species Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor, have complete protein quality because it has all kinds of essential amino acids.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of wonderful kola (Bucchlozia coriacea) and breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) seeds grown in south–south, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
MO Aremu ◽  
DB Passali ◽  
H Ibrahim ◽  
RO Akinyeye
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Artocarpus Altilis ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid

The proximate and amino acid compositions of Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia coriacea were investigated using standard analytical techniques. The respective proximate composition (%) for the Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia coriacea samples were: Moisture (5.91 and 5.67); ash (4.39 and 5.13); crude fat (4.42 and 2.76); crude protein (12.27 and 14.78); crude fibre (7.10 and 6.27); carbohydrate (65.91 and 65.39). The calculated fatty acids and metabolizable energy for the Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia coriacea samples were 3.54 and 2.21 %; 1492.60 and 1465.01 kJ/100 g, respectively. The most abundant minerals in Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia were potassium (658.42 and 369.64 mg/100 g) and phosphorus (382.55 and 261.38 mg/100 g), respectively. The amino acid profile revealed that Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia coriacea samples contained nutritionally useful quantities of most of the essential amino acids. The total essential amino acids (TEAA) (with His) were 31.14 and 34.40 g/100 g crude protein for the Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia coriacea samples, respectively. The first limiting amino acid was Met + Cys (TSAA) for all the samples and calculated isoeletric points (ρl) were 3.52 and 4.05 for Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia coriacea, respectively.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(2), 125-132, 2018

Amino acid requirements of the growing meat rabbit 2. Comparative growth performance on practical diets of equal lysine concentration but decreasing levels of other amino acids

1988 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Schultze ◽  
W. C. Smith ◽  
P. J. Moughan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Asymptotic Model ◽  
Amino Acid Requirement

ABSTRACTOver a 40-day period nine rabbits were each given one of nine isocaloric diets with progressively reduced amounts of crude protein (159 to 97 g/kg) but a fixed level of lysine; the latter was slightly below the higher of the National Research Council (NRC, 1977) and Societe de Chime Organique et Biologique (AEC, 1978) recommendations. The proportion of each other essential amino acid in the diet of highest crude protein concentration was close to a balance derived from the higher of each independently determined amino acid requirement given by NRC (1977) and AEC (1978), while the proportions in the two diets of lowest crude protein level were below those in a theoretical amino acid balance based on rabbit whole-body tissue composition. When an intersecting linear regression line model was fitted to growth performance data over the period, performance was found to be similar on the first six diets (159 to 123 g crude protein per kg) but further reductions in dietary protein were accompanied by a decline in growth rate and concomitant increase in food conversion ratio. Fitting of an asymptotic model to the data showed that growth performance first declined markedly between diets four and five (130 to 120 g crude protein per kg). These findings suggest that if a balance of essential amino acids relative to lysine, based on current amino acid recommendations, is adhered to in diet formulation for the growing rabbit, several of these amino acids will be in excess of requirement

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