scholarly journals A snapshot of potential: Using situational assessments to capture the moment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Jessica Short
Keyword(s):  
Work Environments ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
Support Employment ◽  
Employment Support ◽  
Situational Assessment ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Employment Choices

BACKGROUND: A contributing factor to the higher unemployment rates of adults with disabilities is the limited opportunities to gain insight into employment options. Assessments are often used to learn a job seekers skills, preferences, and support needs. Situational assessments in real work settings create hands-on experiences with a variety of work tasks and work environments which better inform the employment choices of job seekers. METHODS: This article explores situational assessments and introduces a tool designed for the employment support professional conducting the assessment to capture information necessary to make more informed employment choices. RESULTS: This article defines situational assessments while introducing a person-centered tool to support employment support professionals to effectively document and analyze the observations of each situational assessment.

scholarly journals When ordinary becomes extraordinary: A postschool follow up study of the integrated vocational functioning of 50 workers with significant intellectual disabilities, 1984-2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-43
Author(s):  
Lou Brown ◽  
Sharon Schmid ◽  
Sarah Cutler ◽  
Kim Kessler ◽  
Betsy Shiraga
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
School Experiences ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Job Coaches ◽  
Share Information

OBJECTIVE: The primary purpose is to share information about 50 individuals with significant intellectual disabilities, the lowest intellectually functioning 1% of those who exited schools, from 1981 to 2003. RESULTS: The 47 who attended the Madison Metropolitan School District (MMSD) received instruction in integrated nonschool work and related environments as part of their school experiences. After exiting school, the 50 functioned in integrated work settings for over 36 years. Information pertaining to the work environments in which they functioned, the work tasks performed, the reasons for changes in environments and tasks, the hours worked per week, the wages earned, the travel modes used, the lunch supports provided, the extra supports provided by Job Coaches, involvement in Community and Recreation activities and where each resided is presented. Social relationships with coworkers and others without disabilities, the mortality of the 50 workers and their parents and guardianship are also addressed. CONCLUSION: The authors are not aware of any other postschool follow up study of so many workers with significant intellectual disabilities who functioned in integrated work settings for such long periods of time.

scholarly journals Perceived Fit and User Behavior in Activity-Based Work Environments

2021 ◽  
pp. 001391652199548
Author(s):  
Jan Gerard Hoendervanger ◽  
Nico W. Van Yperen ◽  
Mark P. Mobach ◽  
Casper J. Albers
Keyword(s):  
User Behavior ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Work Setting ◽  
Perceived Fit ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Study Experience ◽  
Open Work

While activity-based working is gaining popularity worldwide, research shows that workers frequently experience a misfit between the task at hand and their work setting. In the current study, experience sampling data were used to examine how perceived fit in activity-based work environments is related to user behavior (i.e., the use of work settings and setting-switching). We found that workers’ perceived fit was higher when they used closed rather than open work settings for individual high-concentration work. Furthermore, more frequent setting-switching was related to higher perceived fit. Unexpectedly, however, this relation was observed only among workers low in activity-switching. These findings indicate that user behavior may indeed be relevant to creating fit in activity-based work environments. To optimize workers’ perceived fit, it seems to be particularly important to facilitate and stimulate the use of closed work settings for individual high-concentration work.

scholarly journals Genetic Algorithm for Scheduling of Laboratory Personnel

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C Boyd ◽  
John Savory
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Visual Basic ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Laboratory Personnel ◽  
Work Shift ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
Genetic Algorithm Approach

Abstract Background: Staffing core laboratories with appropriate skilled workers requires a process to schedule these individuals so that all workstations are appropriately filled and all the skills of each worker are exercised periodically to maintain competence. Methods: We applied a genetic algorithm to scheduling laboratory personnel. Our program, developed in Visual Basic 4.0, maximizes the value of a fitness function that measures how well a given scheduling of individuals and their skills matches a set of work tasks for a given work shift. The user provides in an Excel spreadsheet the work tasks, individuals available to work on any given date, and skills each individual possesses. The user also specifies the work shift to be scheduled, the range of dates to be scheduled, the number of days that an individual stays on a given workstation before rotating, and various parameters for the genetic algorithm if they differ from the default values. Results: For >22 months, the program matched individuals to those tasks for which they were qualified and maintained personnel skills by rotating job duties. The schedules generated by the program allowed supervisory personnel to anticipate dates far in advance of when worker availability would be limited, so staffing could be adjusted. In addition, the program helped to identify skills for which too few individuals had been trained. This program has been well accepted by the staff in the clinical laboratories of a 670-bed university medical center, saving 37 h of labor per month, or approximately $11 000 per year, in time that supervisory personnel have spent developing work schedules. Conclusions: The genetic algorithm approach appears to be useful for scheduling in highly technical work environments that employ multiskilled workers.

scholarly journals Study on the Driver/Steering Wheel Interaction in Emergency Situations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7055
Author(s):  
Francesco Comolli ◽  
Massimiliano Gobbi ◽  
Gianpiero Mastinu
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Driver Assistance ◽  
Driver Assistance Systems ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Relevant Effect ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Lateral Disturbance ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Three Components

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) are becoming increasingly prevalent. The tuning of these systems would benefit from a deep knowledge of human behaviour, especially during emergency manoeuvres; however, this does not appear to commonly be the case. We introduced an instrumented steering wheel (ISW) to measure three components of force and three components of the moment applied by each hand, separately. Using the ISW, we studied the kick plate manoeuvre. The kick plate manoeuvre is an emergency manoeuvre to recover a lateral disturbance inducing a spin. The drivers performed the manoeuvre either keeping two hands on the steering wheel or one hand only. In both cases, a few instants after the lateral disturbance induced by the kick plate occurred, a torque peak was applied at the ISW. Such a torque appeared to be unintentional. The voluntary torque on the ISW occurred after the unintentional torque. The emergency manoeuvre performed with only one hand was quicker, since, if two hands were used, an initial fighting of the two hands against each other was present. Therefore, we propose to model the neuro-muscular activity in driver models to consider the involuntary muscular phenomena, which has a relevant effect on the vehicle dynamic response.

scholarly journals Pocketbook on Regional Anesthesia Techniques: Each Line Matters

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib Md Reazaul Karim ◽  
Abhijit S. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Loss Of Resistance ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Hands On ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Spinal Epidural ◽  
The Relationship

Dear editor, There has been an ardent interest noticed in the last decade amongst members of anaesthesia fraternity to learn the art of regional anaesthesia (RA). Use of ultrasound (US) has revolutionised the practice of RA all over the world. Every month there is a description of either a new block or a modification of an existing block. Although this keeps RA enthusiasts occupied with various experiments and thus reinventing his/her skills, it also adds to the confusion. The US workshops are useful to Anaesthesiologist’s who have access to the US. Practitioners in the periphery especially freelancers and Anaesthesiologists working in small, resource-limited setups are the ones who should be skillful in landmark/ loss of resistance (LOR) and peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) guided RA techniques. Anatomy, landmarks, and techniques are equally important [1]. RA that is usually taught in medical colleges and teaching institutes to postgraduate students are spinal/epidural anaesthesia, few upper limb blocks (supraclavicular/axillary), and few lower limb blocks (femoral/sciatic/popliteal). The students do not get adequate confidence during training and later either have to attend workshops or become faculty in some teaching institutes to master RA skills. The relationship between nerve and needle tip at the moment of injection is critical. Nerve localisation techniques have evolved over the years [2]. There are workshops conducted all over the globe that teach US and PNS-guided RA techniques. However, it has been observed that the participants are mostly not actively practicing hands-on during such sessions. An illustrated pocketbook showing images, key points, and relevant landmarks of the regularly performed RA techniques were therefore long-awaited. Finally, three RA enthusiasts from India: Dr. Santosh Kumar Sharma, Dr. Tuhin Mistry, and Dr. Kala Eshwaran have compiled a book in which they have described LOR-based and PNS-guided techniques using illustrated and sel

scholarly journals Profile of the most common complaints for five health professions in Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Merrilyn Walton ◽  
Patrick J. Kelly ◽  
E. Mary Chiarella ◽  
Terry Carney ◽  
Belinda Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Care ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Health Practitioner ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Health Impairment ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
National Cohort

Objective The aims of this study were to profile the most common complaints and to examine whether any demographic factors are associated with receiving a complaint for five health professions in Australia. Methods A national cohort study was conducted for all complaints received for medicine, nursing/midwifery, dentistry, pharmacy and psychology from 1 July 2012 to 31 December 2013 (18 months). Data were collected from the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA), the New South Wales (NSW) Health Professional Councils’ Authority and the NSW Health Care Complaints Commission. The frequency and risk of complaints were summarised for the five professions and by demographic information. Results There were 545283 practitioners registered with AHPRA between 1 July 2012 and 31 December 2013, consisting of 20935 dentists, 101066 medical practitioners, 363040 nurses/midwives, 28370 pharmacists and 31872 psychologists. During the study period there were 12616 complaints, corresponding to an annual rate of 1.5 per 100 practitioners. Complaints were most common for doctors and dentists (5% per annum per practitioner) and least common for nurses/midwives (0.5% per annum per practitioner). Sex (P<0.01), age (P<0.01) and country of birth (P<0.01) were all associated with risk of complaint. The most common complaints were clinical care (44% of all complaints), medication (10%) and health impairment of the practitioner (8%). Types of complaints varied by profession, sex and age. Conclusions The risk of a complaint is low, but varies by profession and demographics. The types of complaints also vary by profession and demographics. Differences between professions is most likely driven by their different work tasks and work environments. What is already known on this subject? Although complaints are summarised annually from state and national health regulators, no overall national summary of complaints across professions exists. Thus, it is difficult to examine which complaints are most common, how professions differ from each other or what factors may be associated with risk and type of complaint. Previous studies have primarily focused on a single profession, such as medicine, where, for example, the number of prior complaints, sex, doctor speciality and age have been found to be associated with recurrent complaints. What does this paper add? This paper is the first of this kind to provide a national summary of all complaints from five of the most common health professions in Australia. We found that regardless of profession, men were at least twice as likely to have a complaint made against them than women. We also found that the types of complaint differed between men and women. There were similarities across professions for the most common types of complaints, but clear differences between professions were also noted. Not surprising, clinical care was typically the most common type of complaint for the five professions, but somewhat surprising was the inclusion of health impairment as one of the most common types of complaints. What are the implications for practitioners? Identifying the most common complaints, and the factors associated with these, may assist practitioners to understand their risk(s) of complaint and could potentially assist educators and regulators develop education programs that help reduce complaints.

scholarly journals Toward Psycho-robots

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Yu. Khrennikov
Keyword(s):  
Mental States ◽  
Essential Characteristic ◽  
Psychological Behavior ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
Human Psyche ◽  
Mental Space ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Evolution Of Ideas ◽  
Domestic Robots ◽  
Space Approach

AbstractWe try to perform geometrization of psychology by representing mental states, “ideas,” by points of a metric space–mental space. Evolution of ideas is described by dynamical systems in metric mental space. We apply the mental space approach for modeling of flows of unconscious and conscious information in the human brain. In a series of models, Models 1-4, we consider cognitive systems with increasing complexity of psychological behavior determined by the structure of flows of ideas. Since our models are in fact models of the AI-type, one immediately recognizes that they can be used for creation of AI-systems, which we call psycho-robots, exhibiting important elements of the human psyche. Creation of such psycho-robots may be useful in the improvement of domestic robots. At the moment domestic robots are merely simple working devices (e.g. vacuum cleaners or lawn mowers). However, in future one can expect demand for systems which can not only perform simple work tasks, but also have elements of human self-developing psyche. Such AI-psyche could play an important role both in relations between psycho-robots and their owners as well as between psycho-robots. Since the presence of a huge numbers of psycho-complexes is an essential characteristic of human psychology, it would be interesting to model them in the AI-framework.

Archaeology in Greece, 1925–26

1926 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-249
Author(s):  
A. M. Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Front Part ◽  
American School ◽  
Hands On ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Pole Vault

This article summarises all excavations in Greek lands of which particulars have reached me since the completion of my report published a year ago.American SchoolAt Corinth, Professor T. L. Shear continued his excavations at the Theatre, and at the presumed site of the Sanctuary of Athena Chalinitis. At the former, he has now cleared the entire Orchestra, with the Parodoi leading into it, and uncovered the front part of the stage and the lower rows of the cavea. The wall painted with life-sized figures of men and beasts, which was found in 1925, has now been all laid bare, and on it are preserved novel and interesting scenes in brilliant colours. In one case, a bull, richly bedecked with ribbons and fillets, has rushed on the extended spear held by a crouching gladiator, and blood is shown streaming from a wound in its throat. In another scene, which represents an acrobat making a pole-vault over the back of a charging leopard, both man and beast are depicted at the moment when they are in the air. In another, an athlete, with hands on the ground and head raised, is about to spring over the back of a huge charging lion.

Situational Assessment of Task Preferences among Adults with Multiple Severe Disabilities in Supported Work

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marsha B. Parsons ◽  
Dennis H. Reid ◽  
Carolyn W. Green
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disabilities ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Job Tasks ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
Indices Of Happiness ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
Situational Assessment ◽  
Supported Work

Identifying work related preferences is an important aspect of supporting people with disabilities in community based jobs. However, how to accurately determine preferences among supported workers who have multiple severe disabilities and highly significant communication challenges has received little research attention. We evaluated the use of a situational assessment for identifying work task preferences among three individuals with multiple severe disabilities. Two participants worked on a yard maintenance crew and one was assigned to cleaning offices. The assessment involved systematically observing indices of happiness and unhappiness while the participants worked on different tasks. The observations revealed distinct differences regarding the tasks that the workers liked and disliked. The validity of the identified preferences was supported through observations, which indicated that work engagement of the workers was most frequent when they worked on their most preferred task and least frequent when they worked on their least preferred task. Overall, these results offer support for use of the situational assessment to identify preferred work tasks for adults with multiple severe disabilities. Results are discussed in terms of evaluating the assessment process with other aspects of work placements beyond specific job tasks to further enhance the likelihood that supported workers will work in job situations in accordance with their work preferences.

scholarly journals Crafting a DIY Campervan and Crafting Embodied, Gendered Identity Performances in a Hyper-masculine Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 351-380
Author(s):  
Phiona Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Gendered Identity ◽  
Instructional Videos ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Directed Learning ◽  
Multi Media ◽  
Craft Skills ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Individual Self ◽  
Sydney Australia

This paper presents a multi-media textual collage that shows rather than tells the lived experiences of my conversion of a DIY campervan over several months in a diesel mechanic workshop in Sydney, Australia. This is a “small culture,” (Holliday, 1999) to which I gained limited access as I developed craft skills and the confidence to speak back to relative, milieu-specific, gendered power. I use autoethnographic textual fragments written shortly after the moment to depict the struggle to acquire skills, build confidence, and cross “small” cultures in an unusual crafting context. Grounded theoretical insights are suggested as they relate to three things. First, I examine the nature of individual, self-directed learning as engendered by the non-expert, hands-on doing of craft supported by YouTube instructional videos. Second, I consider positive and negative affective identity factors, particularly feelings of competence or incompetence and challenges to my own (female, middle-aged, injured, and non-expert) embodiment. Third, I consider the collaborative, discursive ways in which hegemonic and non-hegemonic masculinities were talked into being as contingent, relational identities against the foil of a constructed “other.”

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