CHEMICAL FERTILIZATION THROUGH FERTIRRIGATION IN THE EVALUATION OF THE BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WATERMELON FRUITS

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of splitting in three different doses of phosphorus and potassium, combined with each other, and it was applied fertirrigation in watermelon crop, and to evaluate their effects on fruit quality. The statistical was in a complete randomized block design, and the treatments were arranged in a factorial scheme (3 x 3) in subdivided splits, resulting in 9 treatments with tree replications, totaling 27 plots in the experimental area. In the horizontal plots the three doses of phosphorus fertilization (100, 150 and 300 kg.ha-1 of P2O5) were randomly allocated, and in the subplots the three potassium doses (50, 100 and 200 kg.ha-1 of K2O), were applied in fertirrigation. The cultivar used was Crimson Sweet. Seventy-Six days after planting (DAP) the biochemical characteristics of watermelon fruits were evaluated: total soluble solids (TSS), total treatable acidity (TTA) and potential of hydrogen (pH). According to the results, it was verified that only the chemical value of the TSS fruits, presented significant statistical differences between the studied doses because of the different source of fertilization K and P increased the soluble solid contents, the content of reducing sugars, and decreased pH. It was observed the different doses of K and P did not influence in the fruit quality parameters when it was analyzed separated: TTA and pH but the TTA values are according to consumer market standards. The best doses in order to economy of fertilizer were (150 kg ha-1 de P2O5 e 50 kg ha-1 of K2O).

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Doses of limestone, phosphorus and potassium on the initial development of Anacardium humile seedlings

Revista em Agronegócio e Meio Ambiente ◽

10.17765/2176-9168.2021v14n4e8938 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Lucas Ferreira de Morais ◽

Wendy Carniello Ferreira ◽

Francielly Rodrigues Gomes ◽

Edésio Fialho dos Reis ◽

Daniela Pereira Dias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Potassium Chloride ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Root Length ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Triple Superphosphate ◽

Initial Development ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

Different Doses

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different doses of limestone, phosphorus, and potassium on the initial development of Anacardium humile (Cajuzinho-do-cerrado) seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. A randomized block design was adopted in a 3x4x4 factorial scheme (liming x phosphorus x potassium doses). The treatments consisted of three liming doses (0; 40; and 70% of base saturation), four doses of potassium chloride with 60% of K2O (0; 60; 120; and 180 kg ha-1), and four doses of triple superphosphate with 46% of P2O5 (0; 80; 160; and 240 kg ha-1), with six replications. The following characteristics were evaluated: stem diameter (SD), plant height (PH), root length (RL), shoot dry matter (SDM), and root dry matter (RDM). The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the averages were compared by Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). It was concluded that there was no influence of phosphorus doses on the initial development of A. humile seedlings and that there was a response to the association between liming and potassium chloride in vegetative growth.

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Influence of Ascophyllum nodosum extract, homobrassinolide and triacontanol on fruit retention, yield and quality of mango

Journal of Environmental Biology ◽

10.22438/jeb/42/4/mrn-1541 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 1085-1091

Author(s):

A. Dash ◽

◽

D. Samant ◽

D.K. Dash ◽

S.N. Dash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Block Design ◽

Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Fruit Growth ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Randomized Block Design

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of foliar application of Ascophyllum nodosum extract, homobrassinolide, and triacontanol for improving fruit retention, yield, and quality in mango. Methodology: The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with 10 treatments, comprising Ascophyllum nodosum extract (1000, 3000, and 5000 ppm), homobrassinolide (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 ppm), triacontanol (1, 3, and 5 ppm), and water as control. Treatments were foliar sprayed at panicle initiation, pea, and marble stages of fruit growth. Observations were recorded on flowering, fruiting, yield, and fruit quality parameters. Results: All the treatments of Ascophyllum nodosum extract and triacontanol exhibited significant improvement in fruit retention, fruit weight, yield, and fruit quality parameters over control. However, 3000 and 5000 ppm Ascophyllum nodosum extract treatments outperformed all the treatments of triacontanol. Plants sprayed with 5000 ppm Ascophyllum nodosum extract recorded the maximum value for fruit retention (48.15, 36.74, 29.48, and 25.76% at 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks after pea stage, respectively), number of fruits (133.25 per tree), fruit weight (188.84 g per fruit), and yield (25.16 kg per tree), whereas the lowest values were recorded under control. With respect to fruit quality, 3000 ppm ANE produced the fruits with the highest TSS (19.62 °B), whereas the highest TSS/acid ratio was recorded with 5000 ppm ANE (62.29) treatment. Interpretation: In mango, foliar application of Ascophyllum nodosum extract (3000-5000 ppm) thrice at panicle initiation, pea, and marble stages of fruit growth is effective for reducing fruit drop and enhancing quantum and quality of produce.

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Effect of Different Doses of Nitrogen and Spacing on Viola odorata Linn. (Banafsha) in Mid Hill Zones of Himachal Pradesh

Journal of Non Timber Forest Products ◽

10.54207/bsmps2000-2015-4pa2xu ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 61-63

Author(s):

Krishan Chand ◽

Hari Sankhyan ◽

Vimal Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Seed Weight ◽

Block Design ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Himachal Pradesh ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Viola Odorata ◽

Commercial Cultivation ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

Different Doses

Viola odorata Linn. (Banafsha) is an important herb for commercial cultivation in temperate as well as sub-tropical climate (preferring a shady conditions) in the Himalayas. No systematic information on nitrogen fertilizer application and planting geometry is available for this crop. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to study the effect of the different doses of nitrogen and spacing on Viola odorata Linn. (Banafsha) in mid hill zones of Himachal Pradesh in Randomized Block Design with 3 replications. Treatments consisted of 4 levels of nitrogen (0, 60, 90, 120 kg/ha) and 5 row spacing (10 x 10 cm, 15 x 15 cm, 20 x 20 cm, 25 x 25 cm and 30 x 30 cm), respectively. Full does of Phosphorus and Potassium (60 kg/ha each) were applied at the time of transplanting. 1000 seed weight was observed maximum for N 120 kg/ha. Maximum value of fresh weight of flower was observed at 10 x 10 cm spacing, while number of leaves per plant, pod diameter and 1000 seed weight were found highest at the spacing of 25 x 25 cm. Application of 120 kg N/ha and spacing of 25 x 25 cm produced significantly higher pedicel length, fresh weight of flowers, while 1000 seed weight was found maximum for N 90 kg/ha at a spacing of 25 x 25 cm.

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Effect of Foliar Application of Macro and Micronutrients on Quality of Kinnow Mandarin

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i530543 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 27-33

Author(s):

Reetika . ◽

G. S. Rana ◽

Komal . ◽

Pooja . ◽

M. K. Rana

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Block Design ◽

Ascorbic Acid Content ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Acid Ratio ◽

Kinnow Mandarin ◽

Juice Content

Aims: To determine the suitable combination of fertilizers for obtaining high quality fruits from Kinnow orchard. Study Design: The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with three replications per treatment on Kinnow mandarin. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted on seven years old earmarked plants at Experimental Orchard and in Post-harvest Technology Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India during the year 2016-17. Methodology: The treatments comprising of 11 combinations of Urea, K2SO4, ZnSO4, FeSO4 and boric acid which were laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Seven years old uniformly grown trees spaced at 6x6 m were selected for the present study and analyzed for yield and quality parameters such astotal soluble solids (%), acidity (%), ascorbic acid (mg/100 ml juice), juice content (%), TSS to acid ratio etc. Results: In comparison to other fertilizers combinations, the maximum fruit yield per plant (97.83 kg/plant), juice content (49.47%), total soluble solids (9.80%), TSS to acid ratio (11.95) and ascorbic acid content (32.30mg/100ml) and minimum acidity (0.83%), rag (24.00%) and peel content (25.60%) and peel thickness (3.42 mm) were registered with foliar application of Urea 1.0% + K2SO4 1.0% + ZnSO4 0.5% + FeSO4 0.5% + H3BO3 0.2%, however, the foliar spray of Urea, K2SO4, ZnSO4, FeSO4 and boric acid had no effect on number of seeds per fruit in Kinnow mandarin. Thus it is clear from results that foliar nutrient application showed a stimulating influence on yield and quality parameters of Kinnow fruits. Conclusion: From the research findings it can be concluded that the maximum potential of Kinnow mandarin plants in respect of fruit yield per plant, juice content, total soluble solids, TSS to acid ratio and ascorbic acid content was exploited to a maximum level and the acidity, rag and peel content and peel thickness to a minimum level with foliar application of Urea 1.0% + K2SO4 1.0% + ZnSO4 0.5% + FeSO4 0.5% + H3BO3 0.2%.

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Pembuahan Jeruk Siam (Citrus microcarpa L.) di Luar Musim dengan Perlakuan Induksi Pembungaan dan Zat Pemecah Dormansi

Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science ◽

10.24843/ajoas.2021.v11.i01.p02 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

I WAYAN RUMADA ◽

I NYOMAN RAI ◽

RINDANG DWIYANI

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Dormancy Breaking ◽

Flowering Induction ◽

Combination Treatments ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Soluble Solid

Fertilization outside the season of Siam Orange (Citrus microcarpa L.) with Induction of Flowering and Dormancy Breaking Substances. The Siam orange (Citrus microcarpa L.) produces seasonal fruit with the on-season harvest from July to August while the off-season harvest, i.e. from February to September there is hardly any fruit, or very limited supply. The purpose of this study was to examine the response of flowering induction and dormancy-breaking substances to produce off-season fruits of Siam orange. This research began in April to December 2016. The experiment was arranged factorially with two factors using a randomized block design (RBD), with nine combination treatments and six replications. Flowering induction factors consist of three levels, namely Ik = Control, IP = Paclobutrazol at a dose of 7.5 g/l, and Im = cutting the tip of dormant twigs. Dormancy-breaking substances factor consists of three levels, namely Dk = Control, Db = BAP 200 ppm, and Dn = KNO3 300 ppm. The results of the experiment showed that the highest fruit weight per tree at off-season production was obtained by induction with paklobutrazol (28.86 kg) and the lowest was in control (12.75 kg). Flowering induction treatments was not significantly different effect on fruit quality of Siam orange, represented by weight per fruits, fruit diemater, total soluble solid and vitamine C content was not siginificant different among levels of treatment. Dormancy-breaking substances treatment also not significantly effect on fruit quality of Siam orange. Based on this research it is recommended to induce flower for off-season produce of Siam orange by pruning the tips of dormant twigs or by using paklobutrzol.

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Impact of intercropping on yield, fruit quality and economics of young Kinnow mandarin plants

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v10i3.1814 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 954-957 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mandeep Singh Gill ◽

Savreet Khehra ◽

Navjot Gupta

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Rough Lemon ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Ground Coverage ◽

Kinnow Mandarin

Intercropping practices in orchard not only generate an extra income but the practice also helps to check the soil erosion through ground coverage and improves the physico-chemical properties of the soil.. The effect of intercrops on vegetative performance and quality of 5 years old Kinnow mandarins raised on Rough Lemon rootstocks at 6x6m spacing was studied at RRS, Bathinda during the year 2011-12 and 2012-13. An intercropping experiment comprising of seven treatments such as T1: guara (Summer) + wheat (winter), T2: guara (summer) + barley (winter), T3: guara (summer) + fenugreek (winter), T4: moong (summer) + wheat (winter), T5: moong (summer) + barley (winter), T6: moong (summer) + fenugreek (winter) and T7: control (fallow: no intercrop) was laid out in Randomized Block Design with four replications to assess the effect of various intercrops on the performance of Kinnow in arid irrigated region of Bathinda, Punjab. The results of the study revealed that guar + wheat intercropping system exhibited better performance which has been reflected in the form of plant height (3.31 cm), gross income (Rs. 41180/-), fruit number (175) and Total Soluble Solids(TSS) per cent (10.8) of Kinnow fruit. The work concludes that intercropping in Kinnow mandarin helps to improve yield, fruit quality and economic aspect.

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DESEMPENHO AGROINDUSTRIAL DO SORGO SACARINO SUBMETIDO A DIFERENTES DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO E POTÁSSIO EM COBERTURA

Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo ◽

10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v17n3p474-489 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 474

Author(s):

JÚNIA DE PAULA LARA ◽

IRAN DIAS BORGES ◽

FLÁVIA CRISTINA DOS SANTOS ◽

RAFAEL AUGUSTO DA COSTA PARRELLA

Keyword(s):

Sorghum Bicolor ◽

Block Design ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Juice Extraction ◽

High Doses ◽

Nitrogen Rates ◽

Different Doses

RESUMO - O sorgo sacarino pode ser plantado para fins energéticos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agroindustrial, qualitativamente e quantitativamente, da cultivar de sorgo sacarino BRS 511 submetida a diferentes doses de N e K2O em cobertura. Foi conduzido experimento sem irrigação na região Central de Minas Gerais. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com 3 repetições, e os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema fatorial 4x4, sendo 4 doses de nitrogênio (45, 90, 135 e 180 kg ha-1) x 4 de potássio (50, 100, 150 e 200 kg ha-1) em cobertura. Características avaliadas: extração de caldo, massa verde, massa seca, sólidos solúveis totais, °Brix t/ha, teor de sacarose, açúcar redutor total, quantidade de álcool por hectare e quantidade de álcool por tonelada de massa verde. O sorgo sacarino respondeu à adubação nitrogenada e potássica em cobertura, sendo que a adubação nitrogenada interferiu mais nas variáveis analisadas em relação ao potássio. O melhor desempenho considerando a produção de litros de etanol por hectare, toneladas de °Brix por hectare, litros de etanol por tonelada de massa verde, teor de sacarose e açúcar redutor total foi obtido com altas doses de N e K2O em cobertura (cerca de 120 e 130 kg ha-1, respectivamente).Palavras-chave: etanol, Sorghum bicolor, adubação. AGROINDUSTRIAL PERFORMANCE OF SORGHUM SACCHARINE SUBJECTED TO DIFFERENT DOSES OF TOPDRESSED NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM ABSTRACT - The sweet sorghum, or sorghum saccharine, is planted in reformed areas of sugarcane for energy purposes. The objective of this study was to assess qualitatively and quantitatively the agroindustrial performance of sorghum saccharine cultivar BRS 511 subjected to different doses of topdressed N and K2O, without irrigation in the Central region of Minas Gerais. A randomized block design with three replications was used and treatments arranged in a factorial 4 x 4 with four nitrogen rates (45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1) and 4 potassium doses (50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1). The characteristics evaluated were: juice extraction, green mass, dry matter, total soluble solids, tons of Brix per hectare, sugar content, total reducing sugar, alcohol and ethanol per hectare per ton of biomass. The best performance of sorghum saccharine, considering the production of liter of ethanol per hectare, tons brix per hectare, gallons of ethanol per ton of biomass, sugar content and sugar total reducing, occurred with use of high doses of topdressed N and K2O (up to 120 to 130 kg ha-1, respectively).Keywords: ethanol, Sorghum bicolor, fertilizer.

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Ammonium thiosulfate as blossom thinner in 'Maxi Gala' apple trees

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2018001000006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (10) ◽

pp. 1132-1139 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lucas De Ross Marchioretto ◽

Andrea De Rossi ◽

Micheli Fochesato Michelon ◽

Julio Cesar Orlandi ◽

Leonardo Oliboni do Amaral

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Apple Trees ◽

Crop Load ◽

Yield Efficiency ◽

Ammonium Thiosulfate ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of using ammonium thiosulfate as a chemical blossom thinner in 'Maxi Gala' apple (Malus domestica) trees and its effects on fruit quality. The experiment was carried out in an experimental orchard in the Southern Brazil, in a randomized complete block design, with five replicates. Ammonium thiosulfate was sprayed on the apple trees at the full bloom stage, at 0, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5%. Evaluations were performed for the effects on crop load, fruit set, yield efficiency, and fruit quality parameters such as weight, shape, total soluble solids, seed number, flesh firmness, color, and russeting occurrence. Ammonium thiosulfate at 2.5% is effective to reduce crop load and to improve fruit quality. The thinning effect of ammonium thiosulfate is not dependent on the weather conditions during the crop season. The rate of 3.5% of ammonium thiosulfate causes overthinning and does not result in the improvement of fruit quality.

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Flowering and fruit quality characteristics in some seeded and seedless pummelo cultivars

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d220146 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ummu Kalsum ◽

Slamet Susanto ◽

Ahmad Junaedi ◽

Nurul Khumaida ◽

Heni Purnamawati

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Quality Characteristics ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Flower Number ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Irregular Pattern ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference

Abstract. Kalsum U, Susanto S, Junaedi A, Khumaida N, Purnawawati H. 2021. Flowering and fruit quality characteristics in some seeded and seedless pummelo cultivars. Biodiversitas 22: 379-386. Most of the pummelo cultivars with seeds, while other parts of it are seedless. Each cultivar is thought to have his characteristics. This study aimed to obtain more detailed information related to the difference in flowering characteristics and fruit quality of seeded and seedless pummelo cultivars. This experiment used a randomized block design with four treatments, i.e., seeded pummelo (Adas Duku and Bali Merah 1) and seedless pummelo (Bali Merah 2 and Jawa 1). The results showed an irregular pattern in the flowering and harvesting period in both the seeded and seedless groups. Adas Duku blooms twice whereas Bali Merah 1 and the two cultivars of the seedless group bloom only once a year. The highest total flower number from the four cultivars was Adas Duku and followed by Jawa 1>Bali Merah 1>Bali Merah 2. Seeded pummelo was not significant difference with seedless pummelo on several variables, except the total titrable acidity (TTA) content (seeded group > seedless group). Adas Duku became the best cultivar compared to the other three cultivars in several characteristics, such as the lowest peel thickness, the highest in the edible portion, the total soluble solids (TSS) and TTA of flesh fruit.

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Potassium and Nitrogen Fertigation Frequency on Pineapple Yield and Fruit Quality

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v11n6p416 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 416

Author(s):

Ana Maria Alves de Souza Ribeiro ◽

Robson Bonomo ◽

Moises Zucoloto ◽

Fábio Oseias dos Reis da Silva ◽

Mariana Vasconcelos Barroca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Additional Treatment ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Fruit Characteristics ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Crop Cycle ◽

Fruit Mass

Pineapple is a nutritionally demanding crop, with emphasis on potassium and nitrogen nutrients. In this context, the aim of this paper was to study the effect of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertigation frequencies on the physical-chemical fruit characteristics of ‘Pérola’ pineapple crop. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with 18 treatments and 4 replications. It was used a factorial scheme (4 × 4) + 1 + 1, which represents: four N fertigation frequencies applied by surface drip irrigation (4, 7, 27 and 54 times throughout the crop cycle); four K fertigation frequencies (4, 9, 35 and 70 times); one additional treatment (irrigated, but without fertigation); and one control (non irrigated and non fertigated). The fruit characteristics analyzed were: fruit mass with crown, yield, soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity and SS/TA ratio. The N fertigation frequencies had no effect on variables evaluated, however, the K frequencies had a significant influence on fruit mass with crown, yield and pH. The results showed that the effect of K frequencies applied through fertigation on pineapple yield and fruit physical-chemical quality was more pronounced in comparison to the effect of N applications. Monthly potassium fertigations, followed by four applications throughout the crop cycle, provided the greatest increase in fruit quality, allowing higher values of fruit mass, yield and pH.

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