scholarly journals Economics of Improved Reproductive Performance in Dairy Cattle

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2005 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert De Vries ◽  
Jessika Van Leeuwen ◽  
William W. Thatcher
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
The Cost

This fact sheet provides some estimates of the economic benefits of improved reproductive performance through increasing pregnancy rates in dairy herds. After a short literature review, the fact sheet focuses on estimates under conditions in Florida. At the herd level, the economic value of an improvement in pregnancy rate and the cost of an additional day open are estimated. This is done for both an overall increase of pregnancy rate and an increase of first service pregnancy rate. In addition, the fact sheet presents some estimates of the maximum that can be spent on a reproductive program to obtain increases in first service pregnancy rates. At the cow level, the values of a new or established pregnancy are discussed. Results show the maximum that can be spent to get specific cows pregnant. This document is AN156, one of a series of the Department of Animal Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published August 2005.

scholarly journals Fertility parameters in German dairy herds: Associations with milk yield and herd size

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 459-464
Author(s):  
Jörn Rethmeier ◽  
Michael Wenzlau ◽  
Martin Wagner ◽  
Steffi Wiedemann ◽  
Lisa Bachmann
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Service Rate ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Key Factor

Fertility in dairy cows has decreased over the last fifty years while milk production per cow has increased. Furthermore, dairy herds become larger resulting in fewer employees per cow, which might also influence reproductive performance. To elucidate the situation in Germany, selected parameters (conception rate, service rate, pregnancy rate, days to first insemination and days open) were studied using data on 148 herds. For statistical analysis the herds were categorized concerning milk yield: (1) < 30 kg, (2) 30‒35 kg, and (3) > 35 kg/cow/day as well as concerning herd size: (1) < 200, (2) 200‒400, (3) 400‒1000 and (4) > 1000 milking cows. There was no difference in conception rate among herds. That means on dairy farms of larger size or with high milk yield the chance of an inseminated cow to become pregnant is the same as in small herds or in herds with low milk yield. Small herds (< 200 cows) had lower pregnancy rates than larger herds (200–400 cows). The pregnancy rate in herds with different milk yield was not statistically different. Though there was a trend that dairy farms with higher milk yield (> 30 kg) had higher pregnancy rates. The statistical differences and trends of pregnancy rates are due to higher service rate in larger herds as well as in herds with high milk yield. Therefore, service rate is the key factor for high reproductive performance on dairy farms. Poor fertility is not associated with high milk yield on herd basis or large herd size but may represent inappropriate farm management.

scholarly journals Comparison of the effects of Presynch-Ovsynch, Presynch- Ovsynch+CIDR, and G6G protocols on the reproductive performance of lactating Holstein cows in the postpartum period

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesam Kohsari ◽  
Khatereh Berenjian
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Ovulatory Follicle

This study was performed on an industrial dairy farm near Tehran province, Iran, on 666 lactating Holstein cows from September 2019 to June 2020 in order to eliminate the harmful effects of heat stress on the reproductive performance of the cows. The hypothesis of the recent study was that by increasing the serum concentration of progesterone (P4) in the luteal phase before insemination in the form of Presynch-Ovsynch+CIDR (POC) and G6G protocols, the pregnancy rate of cows would be increased compared to the Presynch-Ovsynch (PO) protocol. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Presynch-Ovsynch (PGF2α-14d- PGF2α-12d-Ovsynch (OVS: GnRH(GnRH1)- 7d-PGF2α(PG)-2d-GnRH)-18h-Fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI), n=212), Presynch-Ovsynch+CIDR (similar to the PO protocol, plus the use of a CIDR for 7 days, from the start of the OVS+FTAI protocol to the time of PG injection, n=230), and G6G (PGF2α- 2d-GnRH-6d-OVS+FTAI, n=224) protocols on the reproductive performance and pregnancy rate of lactating Holstein cows. The average body condition score (BCS) for the cows was about 2.5 at the time of the onset of the OVS+FTAI program. The average daily milk production for cows at the time of the start of the OVS+FTAI program was 38.3 kg/day. On average, the studied cows were inseminated 86 days postpartum. Implementation of the G6G protocol in comparison to the PO and POC protocols increased the serum concentration of P4 at GnRH1 (P=0.04). The cows that received the G6G protocol had a greater number of corpuses luteum (CL) on their ovaries at PG in comparison to the cows in the PO and POC protocols (P=0.03 and P=0.05, respectively). For all treatment protocols, the pregnancy rate of cows with >2 CLs on their ovaries at PG was significantly higher than for cows with ≤2 CLs on their ovaries at this time. The overall pregnancy rate for all cows studied was 42%. Separately, pregnancy rates for cows in PO, POC, and G6G protocols were calculated at 36.7%, 41.7%, and 47.3% respectively. The highest and the lowest pregnancy rates were obtained in the G6G and PO protocols, respectively (P=0.03). It can be concluded that the G6G protocol increased the pregnancy rate of cows in comparison to the PO but not to the POC protocol. This result can be attributed to the increase in serum concentration of P4 at GnRH1 and the greater number of CLs at PG following implementation of the G6G compared to the PO protocol. Although CIDR administration in the POC protocol led to an increase in the pregnancy rate of cows compared to the PO protocol, possibly by increasing the synchrony rate and the quality of the ovulatory follicle, this increase was not statistically significant (P=0.09).

scholarly journals Micronutrient Deficiencies in Citrus: Iron, Zinc, and Manganese

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2003 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mongi Zekri ◽  
Thomas A. Obreza
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Extension ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Science Department ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
Water Science ◽  
Soil And Water

This document is SL 204, a fact sheet of the Soil and Water Science Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. First printed: January 2003. SL 204/SS423: Micronutrient Deficiencies in Citrus: Iron, Zinc, and Manganese (ufl.edu)

scholarly journals Macronutrient Deficiencies in Citrus: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2003 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mongi Zekri ◽  
Thomas A. Obreza
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Extension ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Science Department ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Water Science ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Soil And Water

This document is SL 201, a fact sheet of the Soil and Water Science Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. First printed: January 2003. SL 201/SS420: Macronutrient Deficiencies in Citrus: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium (ufl.edu)

scholarly journals Micronutrient Deficiencies in Citrus: Boron, Copper, and Molybdenum

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2003 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mongi Zekri ◽  
Thomas A. Obreza
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Extension ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Science Department ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
Water Science ◽  
Soil And Water

This document is SL 203, a fact sheet of the Soil and Water Science Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. First printed: January 2003. SL 203/SS422: Micronutrient Deficiencies in Citrus: Boron, Copper, and Molybdenum (ufl.edu)

The influence of purified porcine relaxin on the reproductive performance of sows following artificial insemination with fresh or frozen semen

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Thacker ◽  
A. D. Gooneratne ◽  
R. N. Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Frozen Semen

Pregnancy rates and litter sizes following insemination of sows with fresh-extended and frozen-thawed semen averaged 71 vs. 53% and 10.6 vs. 4.4, respectively, and was not affected by the addition of 12.5 μg relaxin to semen. These results indicate no relaxin mediated effect on either pregnancy rate or litter size when sows are artificially inseminated with relaxin-supplemented semen. Key words: Artificial insemination, relaxin, sows

RESULT OF ADVANCED TECHNIQUES FOR ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN EWES WITH FROZEN-THAWED SEMEN

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
P Myagmarsuren ◽  
U Myagmardulam ◽  
Ts Haliunaa
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Breeding Station

In all domestic species, acceptable pregnancy rate with frozen-thawed semen is 20-30% through simply cervical and vaginal insemination. Researchers have proved that achievable high results can be expected only from intrauterine insemination in ewes. Unlike the cow, and goat, the cervix of ewes is a formidable barrier to penetrate for transcervical intrauterine insemination. It is not only due to the physical size of the canal and a narrow luminal diameter (even at estrus), but also due to its caudally facing eccentric series of four to eight funnel-like rings. The major aim of this study was to evaluate a comparison of transcervical and laparoscopic intrauterine artificial insemination techniques with frozen –thawed semen on the reproductive performance of ewes.58ewes of 3-4 years of age, so called Altanbulag subspecies of breed were selected and equally divided into 2 groups for the AI methods from October 15-20, 2013 in the breeding station of Research Institute of Animal Husbandry in Hongor sum, Darhan uul province. The estrus was synchronized with EAZI-BREED TMCIDR in which the progesterone content was 0.3 g. After 12 days, the CIDR were removed, PMSG of 400 and 200 IU were administrated intramuscularly per ewe. The total success of synchronization rate was 93.3%. The results has shown the possibilities of laparoscopic and transcervical AI techniques in 55.17%, 41.37% (p>0.05) of pregnancy rates respectively, with frozen-thawed semen in ewes by ultrasonography diagnosis.Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.13(2) 2014: 43-47

The Research of Ecological and Economic Benefits for Green Roof

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 2763-2766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Yan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ecological Benefit ◽  
Estimate Method ◽  
The Cost

Green roofs are a passive cooling technique that stop incoming solar radiation from reaching the building structure below. Many studies have been conducted over the past 10 years to consider the potential building energy benefits of green roofs and shown that they can offer benefits in winter heating reduction as well as summer cooling.With review and summarized the description of its functional traits in our country, this paper discuss the necessity to carry out the research on the functional traits of green roofs, and gave some suggestions about how to do this.At last, we propose the estimate method for the cost of green roofs construction project and green roof’s economic value and ecological benefit.

scholarly journals Preserving Food: Freezing Fruits

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2005 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy A. Harrison ◽  
Elizabeth Andress ◽  
Amy Simonne
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Cooperative Extension ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Food Freezing ◽  
Extreme Cold

Freezing is one of the easiest, most convenient and least time-consuming ways to prepare foods at home. Freezing does not sterilize food; the extreme cold simply retards growth of microorganisms and slows down changes that affect quality or cause spoilage in food. Properly frozen fruits will retain much of their fresh flavor and nutritive value. Their texture, however, may be somewhat softer than that of fresh fruit. This document is Fact Sheet FCS 8767, a series of the Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: August 2004.

scholarly journals Shopping to Get the Most for your Money

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2005 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary N. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Extension ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Agricultural Sciences

People must make choices about food, clothing, and housing as well as non-essentials. Our wants are endless, but our resources are not! To become a competent consumer, you must develop skills to serve you in a complex marketplace. When buying goods and services, if you spend your money wisely you will receive satisfaction and value for the dollars you spend. To become a competent consumer, learn to shop effectively. This document is Fact Sheet FCS 5008, a series of the Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Revised: June 2005. First published: June 1982. 

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