Changes in the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the family -6 in the liver and skeletal muscle of fattening bulls for using in rations of sunflower oil

The risk of development of metabolic syndrome can be increased by hypertriglyceridemia. A search for effective therapy is a subject of considerable attention. Therefore, our hypothesis is that the fish oil (containing polyunsaturated fatty acids; n-3 PUFA) in a combination with silymarin can more effectively protect against hypertriglyceridemia-induced metabolic disturbances. The study was conducted using a unique non-obese strain of rats with hereditary hypertriglyceridemia an accepted model of metabolic syndrome. Adult male rats were treated with n-3 PUFA (300 mg/kg/day) without or with 1 % micronized silymarin in a diet for 4 weeks. The treatment with the diet containing n-3 PUFA and silymarin significantly reduced concentrations of serum triglycerides (-45 %), total cholesterol (-18 %), non-esterified fatty acids (-33 %), and ectopic lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle (-35 %) compared to controls. In addition, an increase in Abcg5 and Abcg8 mRNA expression (as genes affecting lipid homeostasis) as well as in protein content of ABCG5 (+78 %) and ABCG8 (+232 %) transporters have been determined in the liver of treated rats. Our findings suggest that this combined diet could be used in the prevention of hypertriglyceridemia-induced metabolic disorders.

Download Full-text

The effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on AMPK activation and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle

10.33915/etd.2812 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Myra Ellen Woodworth-Hobbs

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Ampk Activation ◽

Omega 3

Download Full-text

Ameliorative effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids against palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance in L6 skeletal muscle cells

Lipids in Health and Disease ◽

10.1186/1476-511x-11-36 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 36 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Keisuke Sawada ◽

Kyuichi Kawabata ◽

Takatoshi Yamashita ◽

Kengo Kawasaki ◽

Norio Yamamoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Palmitic Acid ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽

L6 Skeletal Muscle Cells

Download Full-text

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Mitigate Palmitate-Induced Impairments in Skeletal Muscle Cell Viability and Differentiation

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2020.00563 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bill Tachtsis ◽

Jamie Whitfield ◽

John A. Hawley ◽

Nolan J. Hoffman

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Cell Viability ◽

Muscle Cell ◽

Skeletal Muscle Cell ◽

Omega 3

Download Full-text

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Benefits and Endpoints in Sport

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11010046 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 46 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Maria Gammone ◽

Graziano Riccioni ◽

Gaspare Parrinello ◽

Nicolantonio D’Orazio

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Metabolic Response ◽

Muscle Metabolism ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Cellular Functions ◽

Inflammatory Conditions ◽

Inflammatory Processes ◽

And Performance

The influence of nutrition has the potential to substantially affect physical function and body metabolism. Particular attention has been focused on omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), which can be found both in terrestrial features and in the marine world. They are responsible for numerous cellular functions, such as signaling, cell membrane fluidity, and structural maintenance. They also regulate the nervous system, blood pressure, hematic clotting, glucose tolerance, and inflammatory processes, which may be useful in all inflammatory conditions. Animal models and cell-based models show that n-3 PUFAs can influence skeletal muscle metabolism. Furthermore, recent human studies demonstrate that they can influence not only the exercise and the metabolic response of skeletal muscle, but also the functional response for a period of exercise training. In addition, their potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity may provide health benefits and performance improvement especially in those who practice physical activity, due to their increased reactive oxygen production. This review highlights the importance of n-3 PUFAs in our diet, which focuses on their potential healthy effects in sport.

Download Full-text

Saturated, but not n-6 polyunsaturated, fatty acids induce insulin resistance: role of intramuscular accumulation of lipid metabolites

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.01438.2005 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 100 (5) ◽

pp. 1467-1474 ◽

Cited By ~ 203

Author(s):

Jong Sam Lee ◽

Srijan K. Pinnamaneni ◽

Su Ju Eo ◽

In Ho Cho ◽

Jae Hwan Pyo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Glucose Uptake ◽

High Fat ◽

Insulin Resistant ◽

L6 Myotubes ◽

Lipid Metabolites

Consumption of a Western diet rich in saturated fats is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. In some insulin-resistant phenotypes this is associated with accumulation of skeletal muscle fatty acids. We examined the effects of diets high in saturated fatty acids (Sat) or n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on skeletal muscle fatty acid metabolite accumulation and whole-body insulin sensitivity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a chow diet (16% calories from fat, Con) or a diet high (53%) in Sat or PUFA for 8 wk. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by fasting plasma glucose and insulin and glucose tolerance via an oral glucose tolerance test. Muscle ceramide and diacylglycerol (DAG) levels and triacylglycerol (TAG) fatty acids were also measured. Both high-fat diets increased plasma free fatty acid levels by 30%. Compared with Con, Sat-fed rats were insulin resistant, whereas PUFA-treated rats showed improved insulin sensitivity. Sat caused a 125% increase in muscle DAG and a small increase in TAG. Although PUFA also resulted in a small increase in DAG, the excess fatty acids were primarily directed toward TAG storage (105% above Con). Ceramide content was unaffected by either high-fat diet. To examine the effects of fatty acids on cellular lipid storage and glucose uptake in vitro, rat L6 myotubes were incubated for 5 h with saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. After treatment of L6 myotubes with palmitate (C16:0), the ceramide and DAG content were increased by two- and fivefold, respectively, concomitant with reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. In contrast, treatment of these cells with linoleate (C18:2) did not alter DAG, ceramide levels, and glucose uptake compared with controls (no added fatty acids). Both 16:0 and 18:2 treatments increased myotube TAG levels (C18:2 vs. C16:0, P < 0.05). These results indicate that increasing dietary Sat induces insulin resistance with concomitant increases in muscle DAG. Diets rich in n-6 PUFA appear to prevent insulin resistance by directing fat into TAG, rather than other lipid metabolites.

Download Full-text