scholarly journals SEDIMENTOLOGI DAN STRATIGRAFI HOLOSEN DATARAN PANTAI MEDAN - BELAWAN SEKITARNYA, SUMATERA UTARA

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Moechtar ◽  
Herman Mulyana ◽  
Indyo Pratomo
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
Quaternary Deposits ◽  
Vertical Variation ◽  
The North ◽  
Global Events ◽  
Channel Deposit

Studi sedimentologi dan stratigrafi endapan Kuarter di dataran pantai Medan – Belawan dibedakan menjadi enam lingkungan pengendapan. Yaitu endapan-endapan rawa, laut, pantai, rawa bakau, dataran banjir, dan alur sungai. Berdasarkan korelasi perubahan lingkungan pengendapan secara lateral dan vertikal, rangkaian sedimen Kuarter tersebut dapat dibedakan menjadi empat Interval Pengendapan (I – IV). Setiap interval dicirikan oleh berubahnya lingkungan yang dikontrol oleh perubahan iklim dan muka laut Holosenl. Perkembangan dari endapan Kuarter dan pengisisan cekungan cekungan di daerah dataran pantai Medan – Belawan dipengaruhi oleh peristiwa global. Perubahan dari sirkulasi iklim dan turun naiknya muka laut selama proses pengendapan berlangsung adalah berkaitan dengan perisitiwa global tanpa dipengaruhi oleh efek tektonik. Studi yang dilakukan mencakup analisis sedimentologi dan stratigrafi terhadap empat belas pemboran yang dilakukan di sepanjang lintasan yang berarah utara – selatan dari Medan hingga Belawan. Kedalaman pemboran berkisar antara 5,0 hingga 15,0 m.Kata Kunci: Sedimentologi dan stratigrafi, Holosen, dataran pantai Studies of sedimentology and Stratigrafi on Quaternary deposits in the coastal plain of Medan– Belawan surroundings, North Sumatera revealed six depositional environments. These are swamp, marine, beach, marsh, floodplain, and channel deposit environments. Based on the correlation of the lateral and vertical variation of the depositional environment, whereas the successsion of the Quaternary sediments can be divided into four sedimentary intervals (I – IV). Each interval is typically for environment changes which is controlled by sea level and climatic especially during Holosen. The development of the Quaternary sediments and basin fill in the coastal plain of Medan to Belawan area was influenced by global events. Changes in climatological and relative sea level during during depostional processes were included clobal changes without influenced by tectonic. The study was based on analyses of sedimentology and stratigraphy of fourteen borehole information obtained along the North to South traverse from Medan to Belawan. The penentration of the bore head varied from 5.0 to 15.0 m. Keywords: Sedimentology and stratigraphy, Holosen, coastal plain

scholarly journals KARAKTER ENDAPAN KUARTER DI LEPAS PANTAI TEPIAN CEKUNGAN SUMATERA TENGAH - P. KUNDUR

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suyatman Hidayat ◽  
Indyo Pratomo
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
The West ◽  
Quaternary Sediment ◽  
Vertical Variation ◽  
Deposition Processes

Studi yang dilakukan pada karakter endapan Kuarter di lepas pantai tepian cekungan Sumatera Tengah-P. Kundur mencakup analisis sedimentologi dan stratigrafi terhadap lima belas hasil pemboran yang dilakukan di sepanjang lintasan yang berarah barat - timur di baratlaut P. Kundur. Kedalaman pemboran berkisar antara 8,00 hingga 27,00 m. Studi ini, menunjukkan terdapatnya enam lingkungan pengendapan. Keenam lingkungan pengendapan itu ialah: endapan-endapan material rombakan (Mr), alur sungai (F), limpah banjir (Fp), cekungan banjir (Fb), pantai (Br), dan dekat pantai sampai lepas pantai. Berdasarkan korelasi perubahan lingkungan pengendapan secara lateral dan vertikal, diketahui pula bahwa runtunan stratigrafi tersebut dicirikan oleh berubahnya lingkungan pengendapan yang dikendalikan oleh perubahan iklim dan muka laut, dan mungkin juga oleh tektonik. Selama proses pengendapan, aktifitas perubahan iklim terekam dalam 4 fasa kejadian ialah: (1) minimum, (2)minimum menuju maksimum, (3)maksimum menuju minimum, dan (4)minimum. Kata kunci: Endapan Kuarter, iklim, muka-laut, tektonik The study of the Quaternary sediment characters on offshore of the Central Sumatera basin margin-Kundur Island was based on the analyses of sedimentology of fiveteen boreholes information obtained along the West to East at the northwest of Kundur Island. The penetration of the bore head varied from 8.00 to 27.00 m. This study revealed six deposition environments. These are: mass flow (Mr), river channel (F), floodplain (Fp), floodbasin (Fb), beach (Br), and nearshore to offshore (M) deposits . Based on the correlation of the lateral and vertical variation of the depositional environments, the stratigraphy successions/characterized by the variation of the depositional environments which is controlled by climatic and sea level changes, and also probably by tectonic. During the deposition processes, the activity of climatic changes were recorded in four stages episodes: (1)minimum, (2)minimum to optimum, (3)optimum to minimum, and (4)minimum. Keywords: Quaternary sediments, climate, sea-level, tectonic

Paleoenvironmental Evolution of the Coastal Plain of Marathon, Greece, during the Late Holocene: Depositional Environment, Climate, and Sea Level Changes

2006 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 424-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosmas Pavlopoulos ◽  
Panagiotis Karkanas ◽  
Maria Triantaphyllou ◽  
Efthimios Karymbalis ◽  
Theodora Tsourou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Paleoenvironmental Evolution ◽  
And Sea Level

Late Pleistocene sea-level oscillations (MIS 10–2) recorded in shallow marine and coastal plain sediments of the southern Wanganui Basin, New Zealand

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn R. Hughes ◽  
David M. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Fluvial Terraces ◽  
Cyclic Sedimentation ◽  
Accommodation Space ◽  
Progressive Loss ◽  
Sea Level Oscillations ◽  
Mis 5

AbstractThe northern Wanganui Basin, New Zealand, is one of the key global sites for understanding marine cyclic sedimentation during the Quaternary. This paper presents the first evidence of marine cyclic sedimentation from its central-southern parts. Sedimentological, micropalaeontological and palynological analyses on a 280-m-deep borehole encountered units dating back to MIS 10. The sequence includes four marine cycles spanning MIS 9–5, which are overlain by terrestrial fluvial aggradation surfaces dating from MIS 4–2. Each marine unit represents a progressively shallowing depositional environment from the mid-shelf to coastal plain. This is overlain by a terrestrial sequence of lowstand fluvial terraces. Localized fault movements appear to have influenced the sedimentary character of the sequence during MIS 7a and 5e producing basement highs which provided protection to the shoreline. The cyclothems described in this paper now extend the already extensive, previously described record from MIS 17–10 to produce a combined eustatic record of Quaternary sea level change within the basin to MIS 5. They also provide an excellent example of the sedimentary response of a coastal basin to a progressive loss of sedimentation accommodation space.

Late Holocene Coastal Plain Stratigraphy and Sea-Level History at Hanalei, Kauai, Hawaiian Islands

1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Scott Calhoun ◽  
Charles H. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
North Shore ◽  
The North ◽  
And Sea Level ◽  
Whole Earth

AbstractFluvial, marine, and mixed fluvial-marine deposition on the coastal plain of Hanalei Bay on the north shore of Kauai, Hawaii, records a middle- to late-Holocene fall of relative sea level. Radiocarbon dating of the regression boundary preserved in the stratigraphy of the coastal plain documents a seaward shift of the shoreline beginning at least 4800–4580 cal yr B.P. and continuing until at least 2160–1940 cal yr B.P. Marine sands stranded in the backshore and coastal plain environment are buried by fluvial floodplain and channel sands, silts, and muds. In places, erosion at the regression contact exposed older marine sands thus increasing the hiatus at the regression disconformity. The shoreline regression is best explained as the result of a fall in relative sea level. The age and elevation of the cored regression boundary at sites that have not been influenced by erosion are consistent with a middle- to late-Holocene highstand of relative sea level as predicted by geophysical models of whole Earth deformation related to deglaciation.

Gasr el-Gezira, a Shrine in the Gebel Nefusa of Tripolitania

1953 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Olwen Brogan ◽  
David Oates
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Open Land ◽  
Olive Groves ◽  
Olive Cultivation ◽  
Cereal Cultivation

Gasr el-Gezira stands on high ground about one kilometre south of the edge of the escarpment overlooking Wadi el-Matmùra where it debouches on to the Gefara, the coastal plain of Tripolitania, and about four kilometres due north of kilometre-stone 166 on the Jefren—Giado road. The escarpment in the neighbourhood is over 400 metres high, and the building stands at a height of 745 metres above sea-level, on the watershed between the wadis running down to the Gefara and those feeding the affluents of the Upper Sofeggin system to the south.The building is surrounded by scattered troglodyte dwellings and sparse olive groves, interspersed with fig gardens and more open land used for cereal cultivation. The remains of a Roman village lie some three hundred metres to the south-east, and the whole complex marks the north-eastern extremity of an area of Roman olive cultivation, roughly coinciding with the district known as ez-Zintan, and probably to be assigned to the period between the first and the fourth centuries a.d.

scholarly journals Depositional environment of the Branch Sandstone and correlative sequences: Late Cretaceous changes in relative sea level in the East Coast Basin of New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lisa McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
The North ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
History Of

<p>The Branch Sandstone is located within an overall transgressive, marine sedimentary succession in Marlborough, on the East Coast of New Zealand’s South Island. It has previously been interpreted as an anomalous sedimentary unit that was inferred to indicate abrupt and dramatic shallowing. The development of a presumed short-lived regressive deposit was thought to reflect a change in relative sea level, which had significant implications for the geological history of the Marlborough region, and regionally for the East Coast Basin.  The distribution and lithology of Branch Sandstone is described in detail from outcrop studies at Branch Stream, and through the compilation of existing regional data. Two approximately correlative sections from the East Coast of the North Island (Tangaruhe Stream and Angora Stream) are also examined to provide regional context. Depositional environments were interpreted using sedimentology and palynology, and age control was developed from dinoflagellate biostratigraphy. Data derived from these methods were combined with the work of previous authors to establish depositional models for each section which were then interpreted in the context of relative sea level fluctuations.  At Branch Stream, Branch Sandstone is interpreted as a shelfal marine sandstone, that disconformably overlies Herring Formation. The Branch Sandstone is interpreted as a more distal deposit than uppermost Herring Formation, whilst the disconformity is suggested to have developed during a fall in relative sea level. At Branch Stream, higher frequency tectonic or eustatic sea-level changes can therefore be distinguished within a passive margin sedimentary sequence, where sedimentation broadly reflects subsidence following rifting of the Tasman Sea. Development of a long-lived disconformity at Tangaruhe Stream and deposition of sediment gravity flow deposits at Angora Stream occurred at similar times to the fall in relative sea level documented at the top of the Herring Formation at Branch Stream. These features may reflect a basin-wide relative sea-level event, that coincides with global records of eustatic sea level fall.</p>

scholarly journals Stratigraphy and depositional evolution of the uppermost Oligocene –Miocene succession in western Denmark

2004 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 89-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Skovbjerg Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Fluvial Systems ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Tectonic Movements

The uppermost Oligocene – Miocene succession in Denmark is subdivided into six depositional sequences. The development of the succession was controlled both by tectonic movements and eustatic sea-level changes. Tectonic movements generated a topography, which influenced the depositional pattern especially during low sea level. This resulted in sediment by-pass on elevated areas and the confinement of fluvial systems to structural lows. Structural highs further created restricted depositional environments behind the highs during low sea level. The structural highs were also the locus for sandy spit deposits during transgression and high sea level. Initially sediment supply was from the north and north-east but shifted within the Middle Miocene to an easterly direction indicating a significant basin reorganisation at this time. Eustatic sea-level changes mainly controlledthe timing of sequence boundary development and the overall architecture of the sequences.Consequently, the most coarse-grained sediments were deposited within the forced regressive wedge systems tract, the lowstand systems tract and the early transgressive systems tract. The most distinct progradation occurred in the Aquitanian (Lower Miocene) and was associated with a cold period in central Europe.The subsequent rise of sea level until the Serravallian (Middle Miocene) resulted in an overall back-stepping stacking pattern of the sequences and in decreasing incision.

scholarly journals Late Holocene Sedimentation on the Southern Kāpiti Coast

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rackley Michael Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Coastal Hazards ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Base Level ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Terrestrial Environments ◽  
Vertical Base

<p>The Kāpiti Coast is a broad low lying coastal plain on the western coast of New Zealand’s North Island. The coastal plain has formed over the last 6500 years through rapid progradation of coastal sediment, developing a distinct cuspate foreland. With numerous coastal communities across the low coastal plain, recent coastal erosion of the southern coastal plain combined with forecast sea level rise has drawn attention to coastal hazards. However, understanding these hazards has been hampered by a lack of information on the Holocene tectonic and sedimentary development of the coastal plain.  This study focuses on the southern portion of the Kāpiti Coast using a geological approach to document coastal outcrops and drillcores. Using detailed sedimentological analysis including description, grainsize, composition and shape, in addition to observation of the modern environment, a detailed facies scheme and depositional model for the southern Kāpiti Coast are produced.  Combining the interpreted depositional environments and age control provided by C14, OSL and well-dated pumice deposition, progressive coastal progradation and a transition from marine to terrestrial environments is reconstructed for the southern Kāpiti Coast. Records from this study reveal rapid sedimentation, at rates of up to 12.6m/1000 years within this southern limb, slowing dramatically with coastal retreat beginning within the last 400 years.  Recognising the vertical offset of the beach/dune boundary as a marker of past sea level recorded in the cores and outcrops, a 1m uplift is recognised at the southernmost point of the coastal plain. In addition to constraining the penultimate movement of the Ohariu Fault, it contrasts with the tectonic stability of the central part of the coastal plain and subsidence further north. Such insight into vertical base level change across the coastal plain has implications for future coastal hazard identification.</p>

Palaeoenvironment, sequence stratigraphy and palaeogeography of the Lower Cretaceous deposits of Mehdi Abad, Yazd Block, Central Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-89
Author(s):  
Mohammad Safaei ◽  
Asadollah Mahboubi ◽  
Soroush Modabberi ◽  
Reza Moussavi-Harami
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Stratigraphy ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Deep Basin

Four Lower Cretaceous sections in the southern Yazd Block were measured and studied to interpret the palaeoenvironments, synsedimentary tectonics, and sequence stratigraphy. The Early Cretaceous sedimentary record of this block, consisting of the Sangestan, Taft, Abkuh, and Darreh Zanjir formations, was mainly influenced by synsedimentary tectonic activities in a tectonically unstable basin. Field observations and laboratory studies were used to identify lithofacies and microfacies, based on which six depositional environments were identified: upper coastal plain (alluvial fans), shore, tidal flat, lagoon, shoal, and open marine. A carbonate-siliciclastic shallow platform including an alluvial-coastal plain and an inner platform is suggested for the depositional environment of the Sangestan Formation. The depth of the overall shallow sedimentary basin of Sangestan Formation increases from west to east and deposition was controlled by long- term sea-level changes. A carbonate platform consisting of inner and outer parts, including tidal flat, lagoon, open marine belts, is suggested for the depositional environment of the Taft and Abkuh formations, while the Darreh Zanjir Formation accumulated in a deep basin. The predominant facies demonstrate an overall transgression-regression cycle (the 2rd order cycle) during the depositional time of these formations in the southern Yazd Block.

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