Pilot trials of hemicelluloses extraction prior to thermomechanical pulp production: Part 1

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARL HOUTMAN ◽  
ERIC HORN
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulp ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Bisulfite Treatment ◽  
Pilot Trials ◽  
Pulp Production ◽  
Production Part

Pilot data indicate that wood chip pretreatment with oxalic acid reduced the specific energy required to make thermomechanical pulp. A combined oxalic acid/bisulfite treatment resulted in 21% refiner energy savings and 13% increase in brightness for aspen. A low level of oxalic acid treatment was effective for spruce. Energy savings of 30% was observed with no significant change in strength properties. Adding bisulfite did not significantly increase the brightness of the spruce pulp. For pine, the optimum treatment was a moderate level of oxalic acid, which resulted in 34% energy savings and an increase in strength properties. For all of these treatments 1–3 w/w % carbohydrates were recovered, which can be fermented to produce ethanol. The extract sugar solution contained significant quantities of arabinose.

scholarly journals Use of Oxalic-Acid-Modified Stellerite for Improving the Filter Capability of PM2.5 of Paper Composed of Bamboo Residues

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hua Chen ◽  
Jian Lou ◽  
Fei Yang ◽  
Jia-nan Zhou ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Pore Formation ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Paper Strength ◽  
Cationic Starch ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Cooking Temperature ◽  
Experimental Parameters

In this study, pulping conditions for kraft pulping of bamboo residues were investigated, predominantly focusing on cooking temperature and time during pulping. Oxalic acid and cationic starch were used for the modification of natural stellerite, and the use of modified stellerite for preparing filter paper for PM2.5 filtration was investigated. The optimal pulping technology of bamboo residues was established based on the following experimental parameters: liquor ratio of 1 : 5.5, cooking temperature of 160°C, and a holding time of 2 h. Modification by oxalic acid resulted in the promotion of pore formation at the stellerite surfaces and induced the microscopic changes. Nevertheless, paper strength remained practically unchanged after the addition of fillers, indicating that the cationic starch preblend method is a promising technique for papermaking because it enhances the strength properties of paper. With the variation in the addition of modified stellerite from 3 to 15%, while simultaneously maintaining the basis weight constant at 60 gm−2, the filtration efficiency of paper sheets first increased and then decreased later; thus the optimum stellerite content was found to be 9%. Filtration efficiency was suggested to be affected by gas flowing velocity.

scholarly journals Potential of C. citriodora wood species for kraft pulp production

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Segura ◽  
Francides Da Silva, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Wood Species ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Kappa Number ◽  
Fiber Morphology ◽  
Tissue Paper ◽  
Pulp Production

This work characterizes the wood from Corymbia citriodora for pulp production. We evaluated wood chip samples from an 8-year-old C. citriodora plantation. A sample of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla chips from a 7-year-old plantation was used as reference material. Wood fiber morphology and chemical composition were analyzed. A modified kraft pulping was carried out to achieve kappa 18 on brownstock pulps. After that, pulps were oxygen delignified, and then underwent elemental chlorine free (ECF) bleaching to achieve the target brightness of 90±0.5% ISO. The bleached pulps were refined in a PFI mill at 0, 750, 1500, and 3000 revolutions, and their physical-mechanical properties were analyzed. C. citriodora wood had a relatively high wood basic density (0.568 g/cm³), low lignin content (22.3%), and high holocellulose content (73.1%) compared with E. grandis x E. urophylla. The fibers of this species had 1.07 mm length, 16.1 μm width, and 66% wall fraction, which reflect its high basic density. For the same kappa number, C. citriodora and E. grandis x E. urophylla yields were similar – the main pulping highlight for this wood species is the low specific wood consumption – 2.93 m³/a.d. ton. C. citriodora pulp had a relatively lower kappa number after oxygen delignification and lower bleaching chemical demand than Eucalyptus pulp. C. citriodora pulp had a high specific volume and capillarity, and low water retention value. The physical properties of C. citriodora suggest that it might be suitable for use in tissue paper manufacturing.

Indications of the onset of fiber cutting in low consistency refining using a refiner force sensor: The effect of pulp furnish

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Harirforoush ◽  
J. Olson ◽  
P. Wild
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulp ◽  
Pulp Fibers ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Time Domain Signal ◽  
Softwood Kraft Pulp ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Process Detection

Abstract Detection of the onset of fiber cutting is beneficial in low consistency refining as it may prevent reduction of average fiber length, optimize fiber quality improvements by operating at gaps just wider than the critical gap, avoid decreasing the strength properties of paper, and increase energy efficiency. The objective of this study is to understand the effect of pulp furnish on measured bar forces and, more specifically, on the detection of fiber cutting. Bar forces, i. e. forces applied to pulp fibers by the refiner bars, are measured with a custom-designed piezoelectric force sensor. Trials were conducted with an AIKAWA 16-in. single-disc refiner using hemlock/balsam softwood thermomechanical pulp, SPF softwood thermomechanical pulp, northern bleached softwood kraft pulp, and aspen hardwood thermomechanical pulp at 3.0 to 3.5 % consistency at rotational speeds of 1200 and 1400 rpm. The power of the time domain signal of the measured forces is introduced as an indicator of the onset of fiber cutting. Our results show that this new fiber cutting metric is a sensitive and reliable metric for determination of fibre cutting for a range of pulp furnishes. The study suggests that the refiner force sensor has potential to be exploited for in-process detection of fiber cutting.

scholarly journals Analysis of Cellulose Pulp Characteristics and Processing Parameters for Efficient Paper Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7219
Author(s):  
Edyta Małachowska ◽  
Marcin Dubowik ◽  
Aneta Lipkiewicz ◽  
Kamila Przybysz ◽  
Piotr Przybysz
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulp ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Cellulose Pulp ◽  
Refining Time ◽  
Semichemical Pulp ◽  
The Cost

For economic reasons, increasing the use of various fibrous pulps with high lignin contents—i.e., chemothermomechanical pulp (BCTMP and CTMP), thermomechanical pulp (TMP), and semichemical pulp—is desirable. The relatively good quality and increased efficiency of these pulps make them attractive paper semi-products. In particular, they could alleviate the severe shortage of paper semi-products. Although mechanical pulp and semichemical pulp are achieving increasing quality with substantially increased wood efficiency, their production is often characterised by high consumption of electricity to defibre chips or refine high-lignin-content fibrous pulps. Technological, environmental, and economic evaluations of the manufacture and application of increased efficiency cellulose pulps that take into account potential profits from increased cellulose pulp efficiency and losses due to energy costs and degradation in the properties of the resulting paper are relevant and essential to paper mills. This article reports such an analysis. The authors have analysed the usable properties of ten cellulose pulps with various degrees of digestion and identified the optimum pulp that yields the optimum product properties, considering the yield; pulp refining time, which determines the cost of paper manufacture; and strength properties of the obtained paper.

Effects of hydrophobic sizing on paper dry and wet-strength properties: A comparative study between AKD sizing of NBSK handsheets and rosin sizing of CTMP handsheets

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 5350-5360
Author(s):  
Antti Korpela ◽  
Aayush Kumar Jaiswal ◽  
Jaakko Asikainen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulp ◽  
Alkyl Ketene Dimer ◽  
Wet Strength ◽  
Softwood Pulp ◽  
Practical Experiences ◽  
Sizing Agents

Alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) and rosin sizing are used in papermaking to decrease paper’s tendency to absorb liquid water. Earlier information regarding the effects of internal sizing on paper dry strength is not consistent. In the present laboratory study, AKD sizing of handsheets made from Nordic bleached softwood pulp (NBSK), and rosin sizing of handsheets made from Nordic hardwood chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) were done via an internal sizing method, and by immersing handsheets in aqueous sizing agent dispersion. In the study, AKD sizing had no significant effect on the dry strength of NBSK handsheets. The result corresponds to practical experiences of papermakers. However, both AKD sizing methods resulted in a substantial and long-lasting increase of handsheet wet-strength. Unlike internal AKD sizing of NBSK handsheets, rosin internal sizing of CTMP handsheets resulted in decreased handsheet dry strength. The decrease indicates that, under the conditions present during the experiment, rosin sizing agents interfered with interfiber hydrogen bonding of CTMP fibers. Given that, in practice, no such undesired effects have been commonly linked to rosin sizing, the observed effect may be specific to sheet-making conditions. However, the effect of rosin sizing on strength properties and their variation cannot be ruled out completely.

Spruce fiber properties after high-temperature thermomechanical pulping (HT-TMP)

Holzforschung ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iina Solala ◽  
Toni Antikainen ◽  
Mehedi Reza ◽  
Leena-Sisko Johansson ◽  
Mark Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulp ◽  
Wall Region ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulping

Abstract Spruce was submitted to high-temperature (150°C–170°C) refining for 2 or 5 min to produce thermomechanical pulp (TMP) fibers with decreased electrical energy consumption. The pulp was characterized in terms of specific energy consumption as well as tensile and surface properties. The fibers from high-temperature TMP contained more surface lignin even if all sample types usually broke at the S1–S2 cell wall region. They also produced significantly weaker paper sheets, whereas their dry zero-span strength did not suffer substantial losses, indicating decreased fiber-fiber bonding. Tensile strength properties were also determined of a bisphenol-A-epichlorohydrin-based epoxy resin mixed with 5% fiber as a test for fiber-matrix compatibility in composite applications. Based on these preliminary results, high-temperature TMP shows potential for composite reinforcement due to its lower tendency to aggregate and its better compatibility with the tested matrix material.

Primary properties of MDF using thermomechanical pulp made from oxalic acid pretreated rice straw particles

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianjun Li ◽  
Yiqiang Wu ◽  
Zhiyong Cai ◽  
Jerrold E. Winandy
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulp

Mechanisms of TMP peroxide bleaching using Mg-based alkalis

Holzforschung ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Savoye ◽  
Michel Petit-Conil ◽  
Valérie Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulp ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Brightness Reversion ◽  
Successful Approach

Abstract The driving force for pulp and paper industry is to develop new technologies with less impact to the environment. In this context, the successful approach in the present paper was the substitution of sodium hydroxide during peroxide bleaching of thermomechanical pulp (TMP) by magnesium hydroxide or magnesium carbonate. Looking at brightening development, thioacidolysis showed that Mg-based processes eliminated less coniferaldehydes than NaOH-based bleaching. Moreover, 19F NMR analysis showed slightly more residual quinone in lignin isolated from NaOH-based bleached pulp than lignin extracted after Mg-based bleaching. Replacing NaOH by Mg-based compounds affected the strength properties of the paper: tensile index was 10% lower than conventional bleached paper, probably due to Mg2+ adsorption on the acid groups of fibers. However, the brightness reversion of Mg-based bleached paper decreased by about two ISO points during photoageing under sunlight. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy supported the conclusion that Mg-based bleaching caused less re-deposition of lignin and extractives onto the fiber surface compared to the conventional process resulting in less light-induced yellowing.

scholarly journals Bleached kraft pulp production from Pinus tecunumanii (Eguiluz e Perry)

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonel F. Torres ◽  
Roberto Melo ◽  
Jorge Luiz Colodette
Keyword(s):  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Kappa Number ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Kraft Pulps ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Oxygen Delignification ◽  
Bleached Kraft Pulp ◽  
Pinus Tecunumanii ◽  
Pulp Production

The use of 12-year-old Pinus tecunumanii (Eguiluz e Perry) grown in Colombia was evaluated for bleached kraft pulp production. Kraft pulps of kappa number 30 ± 1 were produced, and oxygen delignified and bleached to 90% ISO with ECF processes. The bleached pulps produced under optimum conditions were evaluated with regard to their strength properties. Pinus tecunumanii wood required low effective alkali charge to reach the desired kappa number and the unbleached pulp showed high oxygen delignification efficiency and bleachability when a OD(EO)DED sequence was used. The bleached pulps presented good physical-mechanical properties, which are comparable to those obtained with more traditional pines such as Pinus taeda and Pinus radiata. The results demonstrate that this tropical pine species is a suitable raw material for bleached kraft pulp production

New Rolled Aluminium Alloy Products for the Automotive Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kłyszewski ◽  
J. Żelechowski ◽  
A. Frontczak ◽  
P. Rutecki ◽  
W. Szymanski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Clad Layer ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Sacrificial Protection

Abstract Clad aluminium strips are used in the automotive industry to manufacture parts of heat exchangers. They are characterised by favourable strength properties, good corrosion resistance and susceptibility to plastic deformation, and can undergo surface brazing at a temperature of about 600°C. As a result of studies, the properties of alloys for the production of clad strips have been optimised. Optimising covered the alloy chemical composition and selected parameters such as the metal condition, the mechanical properties and anti-corrosion behaviour, including the methods for corrosion potential equalisation and sacrificial protection. The obtained technological results of the clad aluminium strip production were verified under the industrial conditions of Impexmetal Huta Aluminium Konin S.A. In a laboratory of the Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals (IMN), the clad strips were tested for the pre-assumed functional properties. Mechanical properties were tested, and the structure and corrosion behaviour were characterised. The reactivity of the clad layer was analysed under different technological conditions. The thermal bond produced by these clad layers was tested by simulation of the heat exchanger manufacturing process. As a result of the conducted research it has been found that all the essential characteristics of the clad strips produced under domestic conditions are in no way different from the properties of imported strips, while modification of the alloy chemical composition has contributed to the effective sacrificial protection of heat exchangers made from these strips. Clad aluminium strips are now successfully produced by the domestic aluminium industry. The improvement of materials used for the heat exchangers can contribute to the reduced overall dimensions of these products and increased efficiency, thus leading to energy savings. The results were obtained within the framework of the Task No. ZPB/38/66716/IT2/10 executed as part of the „IniTech” Project.

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