scholarly journals INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF URBAN ELECTRIC TRANSPORT USING SADT METHODOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (159) ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
D. Lychov
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Electric Transport ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Technical Operation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The issue of increasing the efficiency of urban electric transport through the introduction of CASE-technologies based on SADT-methodology is considered. The performance of the system analysis of the operation of urban electric transport is given. The system of urban electric transport is considered not as an isolated system that solves only its problems - making a profit, but in connection with the problems of the city, the population that uses transport services, enterprises that employ people who transport. The proposed methodology will allow to create a computer functional model of operation of electric vehicles in the IDEF0 format using the software package BPWin. It is shown that the operation of transport is a complex process consisting of three subsystems: operation management, commercial and technical operation. Each of these subsystems has its own functional tasks, which require appropriate resources. Therefore, to ensure resource conservation in the operation of rolling stock, the following levels of development are presented and considered: the city transport system, urban electric transport enterprises, technological processes of passenger transportation, maintenance, maintenance and repair of facilities and equipment. Also operation of city electric transport includes maintenance of vehicles in depot. This article describes the features of the impact of the rolling stock of urban electric transport on energy consumption, taking into account the influence of factors such as passenger cabin occupancy, mileage of the mobile unit when operating on the routes of large cities, operating speed. A new methodology for evaluating the work of a city electric transport company is presented, which allows to combine several different, economically independent enterprises into one functional model. It is shown that the use of the proposed model will make it possible to create a system of accounting for electricity consumption by different types of urban electric transport.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF THE CITY TRANSPORT SYSTEM BY MEANS OF SIMULATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Polina A. Buyvol ◽  
Gulnara A. Yakupova ◽  
Irina V. Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Network ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Computer Experiment ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
The Road ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The City

The transport system plays an important role in human activities and is an integral part of the successful functioning of the urbanized area. The increasing degree of provision of urban residents with transport services should at the same time keep the environment environmentally friendly and sustainable over time. The article is devoted to the issues of ensuring the rational functioning of the city transport system based on the development and implementation of an intelligent road infrastructure management system, the intellectual core of which are simulation models of problem areas of the road network. The objective of the study is the development of tools for organizing traffic in the conditions of the rapid growth of the fleet of vehicles. Research tasks were to analyze the research in the field of traffic management, to consider methods to reduce and prevent traffic jams on roads in general and in individual sections in particular. The following research methods were used: methods of system analysis, methods of modeling traffic flows, simulation, computer experiment. Achievements: the developed simulation model can be used to conduct a computer experiment in order to select the optimal parameters for the functioning of traffic lights on a specific section of the road network of the city of Naberezhnye Chelny

scholarly journals Small cities face greater impact from automation

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (139) ◽  
pp. 20170946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan R. Frank ◽  
Lijun Sun ◽  
Manuel Cebrian ◽  
Hyejin Youn ◽  
Iyad Rahwan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Worker Displacement ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Job Content ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Technical Professions

The city has proved to be the most successful form of human agglomeration and provides wide employment opportunities for its dwellers. As advances in robotics and artificial intelligence revive concerns about the impact of automation on jobs, a question looms: how will automation affect employment in cities? Here, we provide a comparative picture of the impact of automation across US urban areas. Small cities will undertake greater adjustments, such as worker displacement and job content substitutions. We demonstrate that large cities exhibit increased occupational and skill specialization due to increased abundance of managerial and technical professions. These occupations are not easily automatable, and, thus, reduce the potential impact of automation in large cities. Our results pass several robustness checks including potential errors in the estimation of occupational automation and subsampling of occupations. Our study provides the first empirical law connecting two societal forces: urban agglomeration and automation's impact on employment.

scholarly journals The Effects of Gentrification on the Elderly: A Case Study in the City of Cáceres

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Lidia Domínguez-Parraga
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This study aims to analyze the consequences of the gentrification process as a result of tourism on the elderly inhabitants. Firstly, the concept of gentrification is reviewed, a process that is no longer exclusive to large cities but has spread to smaller and lesser-known municipalities. A clear example of this type of new tourist destination is the city of Cáceres, a World Heritage medium-sized city where tourism is the basis of its economy. The research considers gentrification in medium-sized cities and its effect on active aging. Based on a qualitative methodological approach, a total of 32 in-depth interviews were conducted and analyzed to compare two neighborhoods—one gentrified and one not. The results show a remarkable disparity in the residents’ perceptions of their environment and their city. The findings suggest adverse effects on the quality of aging due to the gentrification process, such as family dependency, social-space disconnection, and a generally pessimistic image of the neighborhood. Consequently, the impact of tourism negatively affects the gentrified neighborhood inhabitants’ psychological, social, and emotional well-being.

scholarly journals CALCULATION OF PRODUCTION RISK FROM NOISE POLLUTION FOR THE SAFETY OF WORKERS IN THE OPEN AIR

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Olena Voloshkina ◽  
◽  
Anastasiіa Kovalоva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
The Body ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Years Of Service ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Normative Value

Purpose. Studying the impact of noise pollution levels at the busiest intersections of Kyiv and determining the exceedances of normative values on the basis of national and international standards. Calculation of the probability of hearing loss under conditions of prolonged exposure to noise on the body of 40-year-old and 50-year-old workers during 30 years of service. Methods. In this paper, based on the obtained field measurement data, noise pollution on the main highways of Kyiv is analyzed. Topicality. The research is aimed at ensuring the safety of operating transport services and construction companies from the constant noise load, which creates traffic flows in the city and leads to occupational diseases. Studies have shown that at an 8-hour exposure in a worker under conditions of constant chronic noise load, there may be a shift in the audibility threshold depending on age and length of service. The method recommended by the international standard ISO1999 / 2013 can be used to determine the corrected level of noise pollution and safety of workers in the open air during the repair of highway overpasses. The scientific novelty lies in the determination of natural data on the noise load on the example of some of the busiest road junctions in Kyiv, where transport mainly moves at low speed and stands in traffic jams. The obtained average data during the working day indicate a noise load that is 18-20% higher than the normative value of workers working outdoors (80 dBA). Based on basic calculations of the probability of hearing loss because of noise pollution at an average level of 90 dBA for workers with 30 years of experience proved the need for enhanced software monitoring in areas of increased noise pollution for production sites and protection of workers for their safety. Practical significance. The research results are aimed at providing safety for workers outdoors during the repair of highways in large cities and on construction sites near major intersections. The importance of the work lies in the need to strengthen the existing dynamic control over working conditions and health of workers in the open air in the conditions of constant noise load of the city and the need to revise the requirements to the employer governing the protection of workers from noise. The research results showed that the maximum value of noise pollution in Kyiv near the main roads during the day is within the range of 87-94dBa, which is on average 11% higher than the normative value for open production sites. The probability of hearing loss of workers due to noise is 11.5% for 50-year-olds and 7% for 40-year-old workers with 30 years of service.

scholarly journals Criteria for Evaluation of Offers in Tender Procedures for City Buses in Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Aleksander Jagiełło
Keyword(s):  
Urban Transport ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
City Bus ◽  
Collective Transport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Modernization Process ◽  
Criteria For Evaluation ◽  
The City

On the basis of the literature review and secondary research results presented in the article, it should be stated that the continuous modernization of the rolling stock used to provide collective urban transport services is one of the main tools to encourage urban residents to abandon the use of passenger cars for collective transport. In order to make the rolling stock modernization process as smoothly as possible, it is necessary to carry out and then settle tenders for city buses. In the article, the primary research on the criteria used to evaluate offers in tender procedures for city buses in Poland was presented using descriptive statistics. The article also attempts to discuss whether the current weightings of the price criterion and non-price criteria reflect their share in the total cost of the life cycle of the city bus.

scholarly journals Evaluation of readiness of selected transport system

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Piotr Bojar
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transport Operator ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Safe Transport ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

The basic tasks of the public public transport operator include reliable and safe transport services under the concluded transport contract with the transport organizer. The entity acting as the operator is obliged to punctually adhere to timetables, it is possible provided that the operator has a rolling stock characterized by a high level of readiness for rolling stock. The paper attempts to assess the readiness of the public transport operator performing tasks in the city and the adjacent area with a total number of residents not exceeding one hundred thousand.

scholarly journals On the use of the structural and functional modeling of a system analysis of the company financial statements

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Daria S Orlova ◽  
Andrey V Kutyshkin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Data Model ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Functional Modeling ◽  
Semantic Data ◽  
Complex Models ◽  
Semantic Data Model ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses the construction of complex models consisting of a structural-functional model, information model and semantic data model, which is the basis for the design of soft-ware that implements the method of calculating the dynamic standard. Dynamic specification of linear and non-linear form is intended for financial and economic analysis of the performance of the enterprise. Dynamic standard to some extent reduces the impact on the results of financial and economic analysis of the experience and skills of the analyst conducting this analysis.

scholarly journals The Impact of Rolling Stock Heterogeneity on Tram Stop Dwell Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Igor Majstorović ◽  
Maja Ahac ◽  
Saša Ahac ◽  
Silvio Bašić
Keyword(s):  
Dwell Time ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Closing Time ◽  
Door Opening ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The prediction of stop dwell time is a major issue in travel speed modeling, i.e., in the definition of travel time for high-frequency and high-ridership rail public transport. This is due to the numerous influential factors associated with stop dwell time, variable both in space and time, such as passenger flow, vehicle and stop design characteristics, and traffic organization. To investigate the impact of the heterogeneity of tram vehicles on stop dwell time, a survey was conducted regarding the tram network of the City of Zagreb. The dwell time at three consecutive island stops served by three different tram vehicle types was analyzed. The stops are located near the city center, in a separate tram corridor, at the far side of signalized intersections. Dwell time was determined and evaluated through the statistical analysis of observed, measured, and video-recorded data. The results show that at stops with up to 200 passengers per hour, the dwell time is around 15 s. For volumes of 20 passengers or less per tram, the dwell time is mostly affected by the tram door opening mechanism and opening/closing time. As the passenger volumes become higher, the number of doors per vehicle becomes more significant.

scholarly journals Electricity metering and backup power supply for multi-storey buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 05051
Author(s):  
Aktam Denmukhammadiev ◽  
Almardon Mustafoqulov ◽  
Himalokhon Valikhonova ◽  
Erkin Sobirov ◽  
Тemur Raimov
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The city of Tashkent is developing at a very fast pace, and the power supply of a new type is the subject of innovation in this direction. Commercial metering of electricity in multi-storey buildings in modern cities mainly solves the current payment problems for consumed electricity. And the main disadvantages of such networks will remain overboard. Technically competently control the common highway of a multi-storey building is necessary. Here, the commercial metering of electricity consumption does not solve the technical policy considering the development of the city. The construction of multi-storey buildings based on an individual project is growing rapidly in the city. Together with the environmental aspects of the impact of such buildings, it is necessary to address the issue of reliability in power supply. The use of power supply schemes taking into account backup power is relevant. It is proposed to take a diesel power plant as a backup source. For this, an electrical circuit of relay protection using an automatic transfer switch is proposed.

IMPROVING THE ORGANIZATION OF PASSENGER SERVICE ON THE ROUTE BY USING BUSES OF DIFFERENT CAPACITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Ryabovbov ◽  
R. Ya. Kashmanov
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Volga River ◽  
The Road ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Rational Distribution ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The City

Introduction. The authors propose to use a rational distribution of buses, taking into account their passenger capacity and the hours of the day, in order to optimize the operation of the rolling stock (RS) on the route. The usage of RS low-capacity on routes with significant passenger traffic increases the RS need, the load on the transport network and emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. Operation of high-capacity buses on routes with low power passenger traffic leads to the large intervals of movement and to the increase of waiting time for passengers. The authors highlight that on the number and type of buses’ determining it is necessary to take into account the city specifics (on the example of Volgograd), such as the presence of only two main streets with three lanes in each direction, adjacent roads through which the routes pass, one lane direction.The length of the city along the Volga river in total is about 90 km, due to the peculiarities of the road network (RN) of the city, any irrational use of the RS leads to a significant load on the road network, and, as a result, to the congestion on the roads. Nowadays the PS is not operated effectively.On most routes of the city the capacity of RS does not correspond to passenger traffic on the route. Possible way to optimize the use of RS is taking into account the daily load on the road network.Materials and methods. The authors studied the technology of the movement organization of the rolling stock on the № 59 route. In order to optimize the transportation process, the authors used the method of determining the buses’ number by hour of the day on the base of the graph-analytical method. Buses of different capacity were used on this route.Results. The resulting distribution of buses made it possible to combine the interests of carriers and passengers, to increase the efficiency of rolling stock and to reduce the load on the road network.Discussion and conclusions. As a result, the authors present the measures for improving the efficiency of the rolling stock. These measures are the main for improving transport services for population.

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