scholarly journals RESEARCH OF THE PROCESS OF IMMOBILIZATION OF ASH REMNANTS OF ENERGY OBJECTS IN AN ELECTROTHERMAL

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
K.V. Simeiko ◽  
S.V. Kupriyanchuk ◽  
Yu.M. Stepanenko ◽  
Ya.O. Ivachkin ◽  
S.Yu. Sayenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Technical Institute ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Pyrocarbon Coating ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Methane Pyrolysis

The Gas Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine together with the Institute for Safety Problems of NPPs of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the NSC «Kharkiv Physical-Technical Institute» and the Institute of Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine are realization work on the development of technology for the immobilization of radioactive materials generated during operation and accidents on energy objects. As a model of radioactive ash, the authors used ash remnants of coal-fired power plants that potentially representsources of ionizing radiation. As a result of a series of experiments in a specially created laboratory plant with an electrothermal fluidized layer it was possible to apply a pyrocarbon coating to this type of ash. After coating the particles of ash with pyrocarbon, ionizing b-radiation decreased by about 30–35 %, a-activity decreased by 28 %. The thermal efficiency of the methane pyrolysis process at this plant is on average 8–12 %. The conducted researches point to the prospect of immobilization of saline remnants of atomic and thermal energy by encapsulating pyrocarbon in an electrothermal fluidized bed. Ref. 9, Fig. 4, Tab. 1.

scholarly journals HOW TO ISOLATE RADIONUCLIDES? ON THE ELECTROCHEMICAL PURIFICATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT FROM RADIONUCLIDE CONTAMINATION — DEVELOPMENT BY CHEMISTS OF THE ACADEMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Omelchuk
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Radionuclide Contamination ◽  
Technological Documentation ◽  
Research Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Scientists of the V.I. Vernadskii Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine developed a method of electrochemical removal of radionuclide contamination from the surfaces of the technological equipment of nuclear power plants. The method was successfully tested at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant and on the Research Nuclear Reactor of the Institute of Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Based on the results of the tests, a device for the electrochemical decontamination of metal surfaces of equipment in non-stationary conditions was created and design and technological documentation for its serial production was developed.

scholarly journals Domestic electric vehicles: Stages of creation and results

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (215) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Sergey Poddubko ◽  
◽  
Alexander Belevich
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Joint Institute ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article presents the research results in the field of designing electric and hybrid power plants and vehicles based on them, which were created within the framework of the Joint Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.

scholarly journals No Hurry to Recycle

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (05) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Frank N. Von Hippel
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Yucca Mountain ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Nuclear Waste Policy

This article discusses the promotion of Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP) by US Department of Energy. GNEP is a strategy for dealing with the accumulation of radioactive waste from power plants by reprocessing some of the spent fuel. The primary domestic benefit of this initiative would be to reduce the quantity of plutonium and other transuranic waste that would have to be buried in Yucca Mountain, the Nevada site identified as the national depository for nuclear waste. The objective of GNEP is to fission all of the transuranics, aside from process losses. The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) study scaled its cost estimate to 62,000 tons of spent fuel because that is approximately the amount of spent fuel that the Nuclear Waste Policy Act allows to be placed in Yucca Mountain before a second repository in another state is in operation. The huge cost of the GNEP would likely be more of a burden than a help to the future of nuclear power in the United States.

scholarly journals Yalina-thermal facility neutron characteristic computational study 129I, 237Np and 243Am transmutation reaction rates calculations

2020 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 22013
Author(s):  
Tamara Korbut ◽  
Maksim Kravchenko ◽  
Ivan Edchik ◽  
Sergey Korneev
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Neutron Field ◽  
Minor Actinide ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Data Libraries ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Present work describes Monte-Carlo calculations of the neutron field and minor actinide transmutation reaction rates within the Yalina-Thermal sub-critical assembly of the Joint Institute for Power and Nuclear Research – Sosny of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. The computer model of the facility was prepared for the corresponding calculations via MCU-PD and MCNP Monte-Carlo codes. The model neutron characteristics estimations were performed as well as the nuclear safety analysis. The up-to-date ENDF B/VIII, JEFF 3.3 and JENDL 4.0 nuclear data libraries were used during research.

Modification of Hypereutectic Silumin by Ion-Electron-Plasma Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 769 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Maria E. Rygina ◽  
Yurii F. Ivanov ◽  
Alexander P. Laskovnev ◽  
Anton D. Teresov ◽  
Nikolay N. Cherenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Deposition ◽  
Second Step ◽  
State University ◽  
Technical Institute ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Sliding Bearings ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Aluminum Silicon Alloy ◽  
Ion Plasma ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Hypereutectic silumin is aluminum-silicon alloy. It is widely used as the material for producing pistons and sliding bearings. The samples were obtained in Belorussian State University and in the Physical-Technical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences. The percentage of silicon is 18-20 wt.%. The structure has a large number of pores and cracks. The size of pores is 100 μm. The method of modification have been carried out in two steps. The first step is ion-plasma deposition ZrTiCu coating. The second step is melting the coating into the substrate. After modification microhardness is 3.2 GPa, wear resistance is 1.8 times less than in the untreated samples. The crystallites size is 0,2-0,4 μm. Thus, this method allows to obtain alloys in the near-surface layer, grinding the structure and increasing mechanical characteristics.

scholarly journals The phoenix project: Shifting to a solar hydrogen economy by 2020

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Braun
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Solar Hydrogen ◽  
Point Of No Return ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Phoenix

The most serious energy, economic and environmental problems are related to the use of fossil and nuclear fuels, which are rapidly diminishing and highly polluting, and many distinguished atmospheric chemists, including Dr. James Hanson at NASA, Dr. Steven Chu, the director of Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, and Professor Ralph Cicerone, president of the National Academy of Sciences have documented that climate changes are now occurring much faster than predicted just a few years ago. The methane hydrates in the oceans and the permafrost in vast areas of the Artic regions of Siberia, Alaska and Canada are now starting to rapidly melt, and given this could release 50 to 100 times more carbon into the atmosphere than is now generated from the burning of fossil fuels, humanity is rapidly approaching an exponential 'tipping point' of no return. Given this sense of urgency, Hanson and others have warned that fossil fuels need to be phased-out by 2020 if irreversible damage to the earth's climate and food production systems is to be avoided. The Phoenix Project plan seeks to do exactly that by mass-producing wind-powered hydrogen production systems and simply modifying all the existing vehicles and power plants to use the hydrogen made from the sun, wind and water.

A review of recent activity in the United States

1979 ◽  
Vol 288 (1026) ◽  
pp. 137-149 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Recent Activity ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Either an overabundance or a deficiency of trace metals in the food chain can ultimately affect adversely the health of livestock and man. Increasing interest in the United States in the distribution of metals in the environment and in metal pollutants has led to widespread interdisciplinary research sponsored by governmental, private and academic groups concerning the availability of trace elements for absorption by plants and animals, and the effects of trace elements throughout the food chain. The state of the art and the needs for research are reviewed by interdisciplinary committees in the National Academy of Sciences and in many government agencies. Research is encouraged through contracts and grants awarded by federal and state agencies and the National Science Foundation to universities for studies of specific metals, specific diseases and correlations between metals and health in specific geographic areas. Effects on the environment of coal-fired power plants, the mining and processing of metals, asbestos, and phosphate, and the disposal of industrial and nuclear wastes have also received much attention in the past few years.

scholarly journals Founders. Our Compatriots. Academician Viktor Grygorovych Baryakhtar (Curriculum Vitae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
A. Tan’shyna
Keyword(s):  
Vice President ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Technical Institute ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Junior Researcher ◽  
Curriculum Vitae ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Viktor Grygorovych Baryakhtar was one of the first students of Academician Alexander Ilyich Akhiezer. He has made his career from a junior researcher at the Kharkiv Physico-Technical Institute to the first Vice-President of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The Kharkiv Physico-Technical Institute is the basis of his scientific school, which was further developed in Donetsk and Kyiv. V.G. Baryakhtar is our countryman belonging to a cohort of famous scientists who embody a selfless service for the good of Ukraine.

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