scholarly journals SYNERGY OF RELIGIOUS FIGURES WITH THE INDONESIAN ARMED FORCES AND THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA POLICE IN OVERCOMING RADICALISM MOVEMENTS TO SUPPORT STATE DEFENSE IN EAST JAVA

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Rini Windiyawati
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Phenomenological Research ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological ◽  
State Defense

<p>The synergy between religious figures, community leaders, the Indonesian Armed Forces (TNI), and the Republic of Indonesia Police (POLRI) is urgently needed for the government is facing radicalism movements in Indonesia. Entering the reformation era, radical ideologies have the possibility more to threaten national security. This study aims to describe the synergy between religious figures, the Indonesian Armed Forces, and the Republic of Indonesia Police to ward off radical movements in East Java. Radicalism is closely related to terrorism, both of which are acts of violence or threats to people's lives. Therefore, it is necessary to have synergy from several parties. The research approach in this research uses qualitative phenomenological research. According to the results of the study, it shows that 1) the factors that cause the rise of radicalism movements in East Java are the greatest lack of education and poverty and 2) the synergy between religious figures, Indonesian Armed Forces, and the Republic of Indonesia Police has been running quite well. It can be seen from good cooperation in carrying out duties and responsibilities in maintaining national integrity, especially in preventing radicalism movements by the religious figure by carrying out various activity agendas as socialization in preventing radicalism movements in East Java.</p>

scholarly journals Cybersecurity Policy and Its Implementation in Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Rizal ◽  
Yanyan Yani
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
The State ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Counter Measures ◽  
Cyber Threats ◽  
Unitary State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Defense

The purpose of state defense is to protect and to save the integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, the sovereignty of the state, as well as its security from all kinds of threats, whether they are military or non-military ones. One of the non-military threats that potentially threatens the sovereignty and security of the nation-state is the misuse of technology and information in cyberspace. The threat of irresponsible cyber attacks can be initiated by both state and non-state actors. The actors may be an individual, a group of people, a faction, an organization, or even a country. Therefore, the government needs to anticipate cyber threats by formulating cyber security strategies and determining comprehensive steps to defend against cyber attacks; its types and the scale of counter-measures, as well as devising the rules of law. 

scholarly journals Cyber Warfare Impact to National Security - Malaysia Experiences

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azian Ibrahim ◽  
Noorfadhleen Mahmud ◽  
Nadrawina Isnin ◽  
Dina Hazelbella Dillah ◽  
Dayang Nurfauziah Fauz Dillah
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Research Management ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cyber Warfare ◽  
Senior Manager ◽  
Risk Management Strategy ◽  
Strategic Research ◽  
The Government

This study analyzed the cyber warfare impact on national security and focusing on Malaysia experiences. The issues regarding cyber warfare have become a serious concern since it was a risk of national security in Malaysia. The objectives of the study are to analyze issues related to cyber warfare that affected Malaysian system security, to determine causes that caused to cyber warfare. This study used a qualitative research approach to evaluate the current defense approaches related to cyber warfare in Malaysia. The interviews were conducted with the respective respondents: the Senior Manager, Research Management Centre, Strategic Research, and Advisory Department of Cyber Security Malaysia Department. This study can contribute to expanding the security of national security by demanding the government to adopt a broad acquisition risk management strategy. It can assist in the development of highly effective aggressive and defensive methods to any company dealing with future cyber warfare challenges and risk.

Pediatric Casualties during the Civil Conflict in the Republic of Georgia 22 November–5 December 1991

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irakli T. Metreveli ◽  
Arno Vosk
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Communist Leader ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

The Civil War in GeorgiaOn 9 April 1991, the Republic of Georgia proclaimed its independence from the Soviet Union. Sviat Gamsakhurdia, an anti-communist leader of the Georgian Nationalist movement, was elected President by an overwhelming majority. Soon after the election, however, Gamsakhurdia's popularity began to plummet. He was accused of suppressing any opposition, and he and his supporters accused the opposition of being in league with Moscow and seeking to sabotage Georgian independence. Demonstrators in Tbilisi, the capital city, demanded the resignation of the new government, and the government relied increasingly upon armed forces to maintain power.

The Role and Tasks of the Territorial Defence Force in the National Security System

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (27) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Świderski
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Security System ◽  
Territorial Defence ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Republic

The detachments of Territorial Defence Force (TDF, Polish: Wojska Obrony Terytorialnej) are an important element in the new structure of the Polish Army. The article presents the challenges the Territorial Defence Force, a new branch of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland, are currently facing. The author discusses the origin of TDF as well as the basic normative and legal documents that specify the role and tasks of TDF in the national security system. The principles of recruitment to TDF, the basic criteria laid down for candidates for service and a timeline of TDF development in 2016–2019 are described. Particular attention is paid to the cooperation between TDF and operational forces in case of an armed conflict, which poses a serious challenge to the new type of armed forces. Additionally, research suggests that the range of tasks assigned to TDF indicates their significant role within the crisis management system. This requires the TDF command to work closely with public administration and to gain trust and esteem in local communities in the regions of their operation.

Dynamics of Selection of Regional Heads in Indonesia in the Reformation Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1490
Author(s):  
Fifiana WISNAENI
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
National Development ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Constitutional System ◽  
Regional Elections ◽  
Selection Of

The regional head as the organizer of the government in the region is also an extension of the central government, has a pretty heavy task, therefore in order for the State's goals to be achieved, regional heads must be chosen that are truly credible, qualified and qualified, so that it can bring success to regional development in carrying out government affairs as mandated by the Act, which will ultimately have a positive impact, in the form of support for national development. This research is intended to examine, criticize and analyze which are expected to provide solutions related to the development of the authority to form laws in the constitutional system of the Republic of Indonesia. The formulation of the problem in this study are the dynamics of regional elections in Indonesia in the reformation era and the implications of the dynamics of regional elections in the Indonesian constitutional system. The method of approach used in this study is normative juridical, which is an approach that uses the positivist concept which states that law is identical with written norms created and enacted by authorized institutions or officials. The dynamics of regional head elections in Indonesia in the Reformation era include the conditions for pairs of candidates for regional head elections and the mechanism for regional head elections. Pairs of regional head candidates must be proposed by political parties or a combination of eligible political parties.  

scholarly journals THE REFORM AND EVOLUTION OF THE SLOVENIAN ARMED FORCES – A VIEW FROM ABROAD

2019 ◽  
pp. 161-174
Author(s):  
NEIL GRAYSTON
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Territorial Defence ◽  
Force Structure ◽  
Defence Spending ◽  
Democratic Control ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Defence Expenditure

Abstract The Republic of Slovenia has been a member of NATO for 15 years. In preparing for NATO membership the Slovenian Armed Forces (SAF) were required to prepare for radical change, from a territorial defence force to one that could contribute to NATO missions. The need for change became even more significant after the government decision in 2002 to end conscription and move to a fully professional SAF. A revised force structure for the SAF was agreed in 2003, prior to Slovenia joining NATO in 2004. Progress in developing the SAF in the first five years of NATO membership, while encountering a number of challenges, showed a positive trend, with a commensurate increase in defence expenditure. In the following five years the economic crisis which affected most NATO countries had a particularly damaging effect on the continued development of the SAF, with very severe reductions in defence expenditure. Today, after 15 years of NATO membership, the SAF has still not recovered from the cuts made in defence spending. Spending remains close to 1.0% of GDP and is inadequate to support the force plans of the SAF. The SAF is unable to make an effective contribution to NATO and a decision needs to be made on the future size and shape of the SAF which matches plans for future defence expenditure. Key words NATO, Slovenia, Professionalization, Defence Planning, Defence Expenditure, Missions, Force Structure, Democratic Control.

scholarly journals SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF GHANA: INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING LEADERSHIP PARTICIPATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Kofi Poku Quan-Baffour ◽  
David Addae
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
International Development ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Community Improvement

Successive governments in Ghana have since the attainment of independence in 1957 initiated many programmes aimed at promoting sustainable rural development. The Northern Region of the country has benefited immensely from such initiatives. Many non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and International Development Agencies (IDAs) have augmented the efforts of government by making the region a focus of their developmental agenda. In spite of the profound commitment exhibited by the government and external development partners in bringing about sustainable development to the area, the Northern Region still remains one of the most deprived areas in terms of access to basic and necessary facilities and amenities. It can be argued that since rural leaders wield considerable influence over their people, their participation in rural development projects will go a long way to ensure the success of such projects. It is against this backdrop that this article sought to identify strategies for enhancing the participation of community leaders in the development of their communities in the Northern Region. The study was undertaken in the Sawla-Tuna-Kalba district of the Northern Region. It is the belief of the authors that the results from this study can be generalised to the entire region. This study employed the mixed methods research approach where 100 community leaders were selected for interviews. The study found amongst other things that community leaders in the district lacked basic literacy and numeracy skills, which hampered their active participation in the various stages of community development. It was recommended that the capacities of community leaders should constantly be built in order to promote their active participation in community improvement initiatives.

scholarly journals Literacy of Agricultural Zakat in Village Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-103
Author(s):  
Tasriani Tasriani
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
The People ◽  
Secondary Data Source ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
The Government

This study aims to determine the literacy of the village community about agricultural zakat and what factors are behind the lack of village people in paying agricultural zakat. This research approach uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Collecting data from this research are interviews, documentation, and observations. The sources of data obtained from primary data sources are from the head of Sidodadi Village, one of the hamlet heads, community leaders, and farmers. While the secondary data source is documentation obtained from the field. Zakat is a property that must be issued for Muslims to those who are entitled to receive it, such as the faqir, poor, amil, converts, slaves, gharim, fisabilillah, and ibn sabil. The agricultural zakat is all agricultural produce that is planted using seeds, the results of which can be eaten by humans and animals. Agricultural zakat can be in the form of grains, tubers, vegetables, fruits, flowers, and so on. The results of this study are the lack of public literacy about agricultural zakat, besides that there has been no socialization about agricultural zakat from community leaders and from the government which causes the people of Sidodadi Village to have low agricultural zakat literacy.

scholarly journals Social Network Strategy to Counter Acts of Terrorism in Indonesia: A Structural Hole Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-323
Author(s):  
Agus Surya Bakti ◽  
Hafied Cangara ◽  
Dwia Aries Tina Palubuhu ◽  
Eriyanto Eriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Terrorist Group ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Structural Hole ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Integration Strategies ◽  
Terrorist Acts

The ISIS terrorist group still poses a serious threat in Indonesia, especially because it operates in a network (net-terrorism) so that the handling of this terrorist group often does not reach its roots. The research is aimed to reveal the social network strategy in resolving terrorist acts in Indonesia using a structural hole theory. The research method is a qualitative research approach with secondary data analysis from four sources: books, journal articles, previous related research, and the Law of the Republic of Indonesia. The data above is then processed with Ucinet-Draw to calculate the linkage score between members in the network and then see the movement map for each ISIS network in Indonesia: Jakarta, Poso, and Surabaya. Thus, this study proves that there is a gap in the structure of the ISIS group's communication network in Indonesia. The research results revealed that many terrorist acts in Indonesia had the same pattern, namely the strong communication network between terrorist actors. Terrorist actors carried out at least three tertius strategies, namely tertius gaudens, tertius inguens, and a combination of the two. Through the tertius strategy, the government will be able to play its most crucial role in taking preventive actions against actors in terrorist networks. Therefore, the government needed to carry out various integration strategies with various institutions to conduct deradicalization appropriately.

scholarly journals Dwi Fungsi ABRI : Melacak Sejarah Keterlibatan ABRI dalam Kehidupan Sosial Politik dan Perekonomian Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Anwar Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Political Stability ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
New Order ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Political Field ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military

This paper examines the historical roots of the emergence of the involvement of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia (ABRI) in the socio-political field, especially several reasons that form the basis of government policy to involve ABRI in the socio-political and economic fields, as well as ABRI’s own efforts to play a role in these fields. This historical approach research concluded that ABRI’s involvement in the socio-political field in Indonesia had begun since the government of Guided Democracy under President Soekarno. Politically, the reason for Soekarno’s inclusion of the military in his government structure was due to the failure of civilian politicians in formulating state ideology with no agreement between parties in the constituent assembly. This failure is considered to endanger national political stability and threaten the integrity of the country. For this reason, President Soekarno recruited the military to balance civilian politicians in his government. Along with its involvement in the socio-political field, ABRI also plays a role in socio-economics. Although at first, this role was limited to securing national private companies which were legacies of foreign companies, but during the New Order government, the dual function of ABRI was confirmed and its role was wider. Almost all strategic economic sectors are controlled by ABRI.

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