scholarly journals Antidiabetogenic impact of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) and garlic (Allium sativum) on alloxan induced diabetic rabbit model

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-408
Author(s):  
Ambiara ◽  
Fahima Binthe Aziz ◽  
Md Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Md Shajedur Rahman ◽  
Misrat Masuma Parvez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bitter Melon ◽  
Diabetic Rabbit ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The present study was undertaken to investigate the antidiabetic effect of the Bitter melon and Garlic on Alloxan induced diabetes in experimental rabbits. At 2 to 3 months of age, rabbits were assigned into five groups (A, B, C, D and E) and each group was remained 4 rabbits. Group A was kept for control, Group B was treated with Alloxanintramuscullarly at a dose of 75mg /kg body weight, Group C was treated with bitter melon 250gm/kg body weight orally, Group D was treated with garlic 750mg/kg body weight orally, Group E treated with combined at previous dose. After acclimatization, diabetes was induced in four groups of rabbits (B, C, D and E) by administering Alloxan injection in a dose of 75mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) intramuscularlly. There was significant decreased in blood glucose level in all treated group C, D, E compared to the B group and lowest glucose was recorded in E group when treated with combined medicinal herbs and body weight was increased in all treated group C, D, E compared to the B group and highest was recorded in Dgroup while treated with those.% of PCV level and Hb gm/dl concentration was the highest in group E which was treated with both garlic and bitter melon compare to the A group. ESR was highest in group B treated with Alloxan and lowest in group E. The present study reveals that combined treatment increases body weight and decreases glucose level without affecting health of rabbits.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2016, 2(3): 402-408

scholarly journals CELECOXIB

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Sadia Sundus ◽  
Nazia Qamar ◽  
Raheela Adil ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Fahim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
General Architecture

Objective: To observe the absolute, relative weight of kidney and body weightof albino rats on celecoxib induced kidney with protection by lycopene. Study Design:Experimental study. Place and Duration of study: This study was conducted in BMSI (Anatomydepartment), JPMC, Karachi, from 4th May 2015 to 3rd June 2015. Materials and Methods: Fortyhealthy adult, male Albino rats, 90-120 days old, weighing 200-220gm was taken for the study.The rats were divided into 4 groups, Group A was control group, Group B receive Celecoxib 50mg/kg body weight orally, Group C receive Celecoxib 50 mg/kg body weight orally along withlycopene50 mg/kg body weight orally and Group D receive lycopene 50 mg/kg body weightorally for 30 days. At the end of study rats were sacrificed and renal tissue sections were stainedwith hematoxylin and eosin. Results: Markedly decreased weight was observed in rats takingcelecoxib. Slides which were stained with hematoxylin and eosinshowed general architecture ofrenal parenchyma, shape and arrangement of epithelial cells. Apoptosis, hemorrhage, necrosisand vacuolation seen in Celecoxib group, whereas renal architecture were ameliorated andreverted back in celecoxib along with lycopene receiving group. Conclusion: This studyconcludes that lycopene restored the body weight, absolute and relative kidney weight incelecoxib treated group.

scholarly journals Effect of Fenugreek (Methi) on the Thymic volume in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
DK Mondal ◽  
MM Karim ◽  
S Mohal ◽  
BMA Yousuf ◽  
KM Shamim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Effect of fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum) on thymic volume was studied in 30 long Evansrats. Among the total, 10 were treated with only vehicle (non-diabetic control - group A); 10 weretreated with streptozotocin only (diabetic control - group B) and 10 were treated with fenugreek(fenugreek treated - group C). Mean relative thymic volumes were 0.22210.018 ml/100 gm ofcorresponding final body weight (Mean 1 SEM), 0.14710.015 and 0.19910.020 in group A, B and Crespectively. In non-diabetic control group the thymic volume was significantly higher (p=0.005)than that of diabetic control group. In fenugreek treated diabetic group the volume was alsosignificantly higher (p=0.05) from that of diabetic control group and very much nearer to nondiabeticcontrol group (p=0.398). Fenugreek may preserve the thymic volume considerably indiabetic rats.doi: 10.3329/taj.v16i1.3892TAJ June 2003; Vol.16(1): 1-4

scholarly journals Effects of aqueous leaf extract of Corchorus olitorius on the testis and blood testosterone level of adult Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 024-030
Author(s):  
Godwin Chinedu Uloneme ◽  
Demian Nnabuihe Ezejindu ◽  
Darlington Cyprian Akukwu ◽  
Amadi Chibundu Chiekezie
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Group A ◽  
Normal Rat ◽  
Group B ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Group D

Background: The extract of Corchorus olitorius has a reasonable content of vitamins A and C, calcium, iron and fibre, and therefore enjoys a universal application in the treatment of some disease conditions, even as the whole leaf is a very important component of food in so many cultures. Purpose: The study was designed to investigate the effect of Corchorus olitorius extracts on the testis of adult Wistar rats. Method: A total number of thirty two adult Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 200 grammes separated into four groups labeled A,B,C and D respectively were used for the study. Animals in group A which served as the control group were fed with the normal rat chow and water only. The group B rats were administered 100mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorus; while those in group C were administered 500mg/kg body weight of the extract. The group D rats received 1000mg/kg body weight of the extract. For a period of four weeks, the different experimental animal groups received the respective aforementioned treatments once daily, around nine- o’clock in the morning through oral intubation. At the end of the 28 day treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the testes harvested for histological, investigation, and through cardiac puncture, blood samples for some hormonal studies was also collected and investigated using standard laboratory standards. Results: Observations made showed that the extract produced no histological distortions, degenerative or defective effects on the testicular tissues. The testosterone levels of group B, C, and D rats were observed to be significantly higher (P<0.005) than that of the group A (control group).ound: The extract of Corchorus olitorius has a reasonable content of vitamins A and C, calcium, iron and fibre, and therefore enjoys a universal application in the treatment of some disease conditions, even as the whole leaf is a very important component of food in so many cultures. Purpose: The study was designed to investigate the effect of Corchorus olitorius extracts on the testis of adult Wistar rats. Method: A total number of thirty two adult Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 200 grammes separated into four groups labeled A,B,C and D respectively were used for the study. Animals in group A which served as the control group were fed with the normal rat chow and water only. The group B rats were administered 100mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorus; while those in group C were administered 500mg/kg body weight of the extract. The group D rats received 1000mg/kg body weight of the extract. For a period of four weeks, the different experimental animal groups received the respective aforementioned treatments once daily, around nine- o’clock in the morning through oral intubation. At the end of the 28 day treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the testes harvested for histological, investigation, and through cardiac puncture, blood samples for some hormonal studies was also collected and investigated using standard laboratory standards. Results: Observations made showed that the extract produced no histological distortions, degenerative or defective effects on the testicular tissues. The testosterone levels of group B, C, and D rats were observed to be significantly higher (P<0.005) than that of the group A (control group).

scholarly journals Ameliorative effects of Spinacia oleracea on sperm morphology, count, and motility by normalizing the obesity-induced oxidative stress in Sprague Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
Somia Iqbal ◽  
Noman Sadiq ◽  
Saad Siddiqui ◽  
Hira Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Obesity is a prevailing metabolic disorder that affects the functioning of the male reproductive system. Excessive adipose tissue enhances reactive oxygen species generation and is linked with male infertility. Spinach has demonstrated antioxidant effects. The present study was conducted to determine the antioxidant effects of spinach on sperm parameters in obese Sprague Dawley rats. Subjects and methods: This randomized control study was conducted at the animal house of the National Institute of Health Islamabad, Islamic International Medical College, Cosmesurge International Hospital, Rawalpindi, and Apollo lab, Islamabad, Pakistan from April 2016 to March 2017. Forty male Sprague Dawley rats having an age of 8 weeks and weight 160-200g were tagged from number 1 to 40. Every third rat was randomly allocated to control Group A (n=13) and remaining into the Experimental group (n=27). Rats of control Group A was given a standard diet while a high-fat diet was given to Experimental group rats to induce obesity for the duration of six weeks. Weight (g) was measured weekly and obesity was confirmed when rats attain more than 20% weight when compared with that of rats of control Group A. Then, after obesity induction, the experimental group was alienated into the obesity control group (Group B) and spinach treated group (Group C). For sample, rats of Group A and Group B were sacrificed, and the cauda epididymis of each rat was placed in a Petri dish containing normal saline and cut into pieces to allow the release of sperm and then sperm parameters (sperms concentration, motility, and morphology) were recorded under the microscope. Then, spinach (5% hot water extract) along with the persistence of fat diet was administered to Group C for 4 weeks and finally, sperm parameters were measured in this group. Results: Sperm concentration/ml, motility (%), and normal morphology (%) of Group B rats were significantly decreased as compared to Group A rats. However, sperm concentration/ml, motility (%), and normal morphology (%) of Group C (spinach treated group) rats was significantly increased (p<0.001) as compared to Group B (obesity control group) rats after administering spinach. Conclusion: The addition of Spinach in a normal diet regimen restores normal sperm morphology, improves sperm motility and concentration.

Effect Of Citrullus Lanatus Juice On Hemoglobin, Red Blood Cells And Liver Enzyme; An Experimental Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 257-260
Author(s):  
Shahid Ali ◽  
Nuzhat Sultana ◽  
Muslim Abbas ◽  
Zareen Naz ◽  
Muhammad Akbar Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Post Hoc

Objective: To determine effect of citrullus lanatus juice on hemoglobin and Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) level. Study design and setting: It was an experimental study conducted on healthy rabbits for sixty days in the research department of pharmacy University of Karachi. Methodology: Current study was planned to evaluate effect of Citrullus lanatus juice on red blood cells, hemoglobin and liver enzyme. 60 days study was performed at 2 different doses i.e 3and 6ml/kg on rabbits. These rabbits were from either gender and were divided into 3 groups their weight ranges from 1200 to 1800 grams. Group A is control group (Normal saline 6ml/kg), Group B is treated group (3 ml/kg), Group C is treated group (6ml/kg). After taking mean of all values they are compared with control group. Significance of mean can be estimated by Tukes Post Hoc Test. P<0.05 estimated as significant. Results: It was found that count of red blood cells rises significantly along with rise in hemoglobin level. As far as liver enzyme serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) was concerned its concentration decreases slightly. Conclusion: Citrullus lanatus juice contain ingredients which are important for RBC hemoglobin and synthesis .It also contains important antioxidants that have organoprotective role due to which SGPT level decreases even in healthy animals as compared to control groups

scholarly journals EFFECT OF KALO JEERA SEEDS AND PAPAYA LEAF SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BROILER

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Sorwar ◽  
M. Mostofa ◽  
M. N. Hasan ◽  
M. Billah ◽  
M. T. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of papaya leaf (Carica papaya) and kalo jeera (Nigella sativa) seeds powdered supplementation in drinking water as a growth promoter in broiler chickens. A total of 20 Cobb-500 broiler chicks (day-old) were purchased from local hatchery (Nourish Poultry and Hatchery Ltd.) and after seven days of acclimatization chicks were randomly divided into two groups, A (n=10) and B (n=10). The group A was kept as a control and not treated. The group B was supplemented with papaya leaf and kalo jeera powder with feed and water. Weekly observations were recorded for live body weight gain up to 5th weeks and hematological tests were performed at 35th day’s age of broiler to search for hematological changes between control (A) and treatment (B) groups. The initial body weight of groups A and B on 1st were 41.00±0.56 gm and 41.50±0.35 gm, respectively and after 35th day of experiment final body weight were 1470±57.35 gm and 1720±58.56 gm, respectively and economics of production were analyzed and found that net profit per broiler was Tk. 8.91 and Tk. 20.69, respectively. The treatment group B was recorded statistically significant (at 1% level) increased (17.00%) for live body weight than that of control group A. The hematological parameters total erythrocyte count (TEC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and hemoglobin (Hb) estimation value of treatment group shows significant difference, while hemoglobin estimation does not show significant difference from control group. The results suggest that better growth performance could be achieved in broilers supplemented with papaya leaf and kalo jeera seeds.

Influence of Dietary Multiple Phase Feeding on Growth Performance of Commercial Broiler Chicken

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karan Tikate ◽  
M. Wade ◽  
A. S. Ranade ◽  
V. R. Patodkar ◽  
V. S. Dhaygude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Multiple Phase ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The experimental trial was carried out to study the effect of multiple phase feeding on the growth performances and the economics of broiler production for a period of six weeks. Day-old chicks (n=160) were divided into two treatment groups, each containing 80 chicks with four replicates in each treatment. The birds of the control group (A) were fed prestarter, starter and finisher diets as per nutrient requirement of commercial broiler strain used in the experiment and the multiple phase feeding was followed in group-B by changing the nutrient densities (Energy, Crude protein, lysine and methionine) of diet per week. The different performance parameters were studied such as live body weight, gain in live body weight, feed conversion ratio and feed consumption at weekly interval. Mortality was recorded daily and the economics was calculated at the end of experiment. The results of experiment showed that the body weight and weight gain of broilers of group-B was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than that of broilers of group-A during first, second, fifth and sixth week of age and also during overall duration of the experiment. Further, the feed intake of broilers of group-B was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than that of group-A during second, fifth and sixth weeks of age and also during the overall feed intake of broilers. The Feed Conversion Ratio of broilers of group-B was significantly better (p less than 0.05) than that of group-A during fifth week and also during the overall performance. The multiple phase feeding has not put any adverse effect on percentage mortality of broilers. However, broilers fed with the multiple phase feeding showed higher net profit per bird and also per kg of body weight as compared to the broilers of control group (A).

scholarly journals Cerebral Hemodynamics and Cognitive Function in Cirrhotic Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqing Zhou ◽  
Qian Dong ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Shunfeng Zhou ◽  
Linqiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Cerebral Hemodynamics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group B

Aims.To investigate cerebral hemodynamics in cirrhotic patients with HE and to observe effects of treatment in cerebral hemodynamics and correlations among ammonia, cerebral hemodynamics, and cognitive function.Methods. There were four groups: healthy controls (group 1), cirrhosis without HE (group 2), cirrhosis with MHE (group 3), and cirrhosis with OHE (group 4). Ammonia and cerebral hemodynamics (by TCD) were assessed. Patients in group 3 were subsequently randomized to two subgroups: the control (group A) and the treated (group B, treated with lactulose for two months), and they were retested for ammonia and TCD after treatment. Results. Ammonia,Vm,Vd, PI, and RI were statistically different before treatment, and ammonia, PI, and RI levels paralleled the severity of HE (P<0.05). In group B,Vdincreased and ammonia, PI, and RI declined following treatment (P<0.05), while there were no differences in group A (P>0.05). Correlations were found between ammonia andVd, PI, RI, NCT-A, and DST and also found betweenVd, PI, RI, and NCT-A and DST (P<0.05).Conclusions. This study revealed that cerebral hemodynamics were related to the severity of HE and cerebral autoregulation was impaired. There were tight correlations among ammonia, cerebral hemodynamics, and cognitive function, and, following treatment, cerebral hemodynamics improved.

scholarly journals Anti-diabetic activity of rhizome extracts of Imperata cylindrical against alloxan-induced Diabetes Mellitus in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2704-2709
Author(s):  
Ranjana Kohli ◽  
Madan L Kaushik ◽  
Jai Parkash Kadian ◽  
Bhupendra Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Study Results

The anti-diabetic effect of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Imperata cylindrical  rhizomes was investigated in alloxan-induced diabeties in rats. Diabetes was induced by a single 150 mg/kg intraperitoneal dose of alloxan. Rats were divided into five groups with six rats in each group i.e. the normal control group, diabetic control group, standard group (glibenclamide, 10mg/kg, p.o.), Test-I group (200 mg/kg ethanolic extract) and Test-II group (200 mg/kg aqueous extract). The above concerned groups were inoculated on 21st day. On the last day of the experiment, fasted rats were killed by cervical dislocation. The body weight was measured at the initial day and final day. The blood samples were collected for estimation of glucose. The loss of body weight in control group, but recovery was observed in drug treated group. The serum glucose level was significant increased in diabetic rats. However, significant improvement was observed in treated group. The biochemical parameters such as HDL and proteins level were decreased in the control group but maintained in drug treated group. LDL, cholesterol, triglyceride creatinine and urea were significant increase in control group however, reduced level in drug treated group. The present study concluded that ethanolic and aqueous extracts of I. cylindrical  rhizome showed an appreciable effect in reducing the hyperglycemia and the complications associated with diabetes. However, aqueous extract is found more significant in decreasing blood glucose level in comparison to the ethanolic extract. The study results justify the traditional use of the plant as anti-diabetic.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Aloe vera and Diclofenac on Body Weight, Blood Pressure and Renal Function of Hypertensive Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Nadeem Yaqoob
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel ◽  
Group B

Introduction: NSAIDs are known to cause salt and water retention leading to hypertension and renal impairment. Aloe vera gel has been used in medicinal preparations for decades. Limited data is available regarding effect of Aloe vera on renal function. There is a need to search this aspect of Aloe vera, to use it judiciously. Aims & Objectives: To estimate and compare the effects of Aloe vera and diclofenac on systolic blood pressure and renal functions of hypertensive rats. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at Post Graduate Medical Institute Lahore, Sargodha Medical College, Sargodha and Department of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha for the period of three months. Material & Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats (n=24) were divided into four groups; Group A (Normal control), Group B (Hypertensive control), Group C (Aloe vera treated) and Group D (Diclofenac treated). Hypertension was induced in groups B, C and D by 20% sucrose diet in 8 weeks. After induction of hypertension, distilled water, dried Aloe vera gel 400 mg/kg and diclofenac 12 mg/kg were given orally to group B, C and D respectively for 2 weeks as a single morning dose. Body weight and systolic blood pressure were measured weekly, while serum creatinine, creatinine clearance and urinary proteins were estimated and compared at 0, 8 and 10 weeks. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23 and p value of ?0.05 was considered significant. Results: Diclofenac decreased body weight of rats non-significantly and increased systolic blood pressure significantly (p< 0.03) whereas Aloe vera increased body weight significantly (p<0.012) and had no significant effect on systolic blood pressure. Diclofenac treated group showed deterioration of renal function as compared to Aloe vera treated group numerically. Conclusion: Aloe vera may be safer anti-inflammatory agent than diclofenac for treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions if the patient also has hypertension or renal disease.

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