scholarly journals Cross sectional study of bovine and avian tuberculosis in Bangladesh Livestock Reasearch Institute (BLRI) cattle farm

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-356
Author(s):  
Prokash Biswas ◽  
Md Bahanur Rahman ◽  
Sayra Tasnin Sharmy ◽  
Md Ferdousur Rahman Khan ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Local Breed

The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of bovine and avian tuberculosis in cattle by using bovine and avian PPDs at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI) Cattle Farm, Savar, Dhaka. Cattle of different breeds, ages and sexes (n=183) were tested using bovine and avian PPDs. In caudal Fold Tuberculin (CFT) test, 16 (8.74%) cases were showed positive reaction among 183 sample. The overall percentages of positive reactors to Comparative cervical tuberculin (CCT) test of bovine and avian tuberculosis were 7.10% and 1.64% respectively. An insignificant variation (P>0.05) on prevalence of bovine tuberculosis on different age group of cattle was observed. Age group >7 years showed a higher prevalence (10.91%) than those of other age groups. In CCT test, 7.55% and 4.17% positive reactors were found in female and male cattle respectively. The association between different breeds of the animal was found significant (P<0.05). The local breed showed higher prevalence (9.77%) than those of Red Chittagong and cross breed. The highest percentage (10.45%) of positive reactors in CCT test was recorded in milking cows than in dry cows (2.32%), heifer (9.52%) and calf (5.77%) were observed. Mixed infection (bovine and avian type of tuberculosis) was recorded 1.64%.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2017, 3(3): 352-356

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on morbidity status among school going adolescents in Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5201
Author(s):  
Sathish Dev D. ◽  
Sugantha Valli M. ◽  
Gnana Sezhian M. ◽  
Suganya E.
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Adolescents represent about 21.8 percent of India’s population. Various health risks with potentially life-threatening consequences become prominent in this age group. This study was undertaken with the objective to determine the morbidity profile of school going adolescents in Tamil Nadu.Methods: This descriptive, cross sectional study was planned and conducted from January 2016 to August 2017. The study population included 987 adolescent boys and girls aged between 10 to 19 years studying in high and higher secondary Government schools of Thiruvallur district of Tamil Nadu. Semi-structured questionnaire was used as data collection tool.Results: The mean age groups of this school going adolescent are 14.2 yrs. In the present study 583 (59%) of the study participants were affected by one or more morbidity condition. Among them, 395 (67.7%) were in the age group 10-14 years and 188 (32.2%) in the age group 15-19 years. 122 (21%) and 461 (79.1%) of male and female were affected respectively. In the present study, fever (21%) was the commonest reported morbidity followed by acute respiratory infection (15.7%) and acute gastrointestinal disease (13. 4%).Conclusions: This study shows that adolescents are prone to a wide range of morbidity conditions. Apart from respiratory and gastro intestinal diseases, reproductive tract infections and sexual health problems are important morbidities affecting this age group. There is strong need to sensitize health care practitioners at all levels, in both government and private sectors towards health problems in adolescent age groups.

scholarly journals Sexual Dimorphism in Blood Pressure and Hypertension among Adult Parengi Porjas of Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
I. Arjun Rao ◽  
Adimoolam Chandrasekhar ◽  
Venugopal N. Pulamaghatta ◽  
Subal Das ◽  
Kaushik Bose
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I

The present study investigated blood pressure levels as well as the prevalence of hypertension among adult Parengi Porja tribals of village Munchingput Mandalam, Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh, India. A cross-sectional study was used to collect data on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse rate. A total of 137 adults (100 males and 37 females) were measured and classified into three age groups, that is, Gr-I: 23 to 32 years, Gr-II: 33 to 42 years, and Gr-III: ≥ 43 years. Negative significant sex difference in SBP among age group I (t=-2.409; P<0.05) was observed. Positive significant sex difference in DBP among age group I (t=2.545; P<0.05) was also observed. Significant age group difference was noticed for SBP (F=4.332; P<0.01) among males. Based on SBP, the prevalence of prehypertension and stage I hypertension in males was 25.0% and 5.0%, respectively. Similarly, in females the prevalence of prehypertension and stage I hypertension based on SBP was 32.4% and 5.4%, respectively. On the basis of DBP, the prevalence of stage I hypertension in males was 5.0%. Similarly, in females, the prevalence of stage I hypertension based on DBP was 5.4%. Our results suggest that females of this ethnic group were more prone to have prehypertension and stage I hypertension than males.

scholarly journals Anganwadi based nutritional survey of children in Attappadi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
K. K. Rakesh Raju ◽  
V. T. Ajithkumar ◽  
T. P. Ashraf ◽  
A. Riyaz ◽  
N. C. Cherian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Peripheral Smear ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Two Age Groups

Background: Malnutrition and anaemia form major public health problems among the school age children, particularly in the developing countries.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among children between 6 months and 18 years, in randomly selected 25 Anganwadis of Attappadi area. Objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of anaemia and malnutrition among the children of Attappadi. Children were divided in to tribal and nontribal. Anthropometric measurements, haemoglobin estimation by cyanmethemoglobin method and peripheral smear examination were done.Results: 65.5% tribal and 54.1% non-tribal were anaemic. Among males 65.9% tribal and 56.4% non-tribal were anaemic. Among females 65.1% tribal and 52.6% nontribal were anaemic. In the age group less than 6 years, 9% tribal females, 8.9% nontribal females, 12% tribal males and 5.8% nontribal males were severely stunted. Above 6yrs it was 3.3% tribal females, 2.7% nontribal females, 2.4% tribal males and 7.4% nontribal males. In the age group less than 6 years, 12.5% tribal females, 3.9% nontribal females, 15.9% tribal males and 4.3% nontribal males had severe underweight. Above 6 years it was 8.3% tribal females, 0% non-tribal females, 19% tribal males and 3% non-tribal males.Conclusions: Anaemia and malnutrition are common among children of Attappadi. Tribal children are more affected than non-tribal children. Anaemia is more common among two age groups, less than 5 years and more than 11 years. Among females’ adolescent girls are more affected. Periodic assessment of growth parameters and early detection and treatment of anaemia are needed.

scholarly journals Dental caries and its association with present day dietary patterns: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 2138
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Munjal ◽  
Puneet Singh Talwar ◽  
Jagjit Singh ◽  
Mandeep Kumar ◽  
Ramandeep Gambhir
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease with diet being one of the contributing factors. The influence of vegetarianism on the development of caries has scarcely been investigated in the past. Therefore, this study was done to evaluate the association of dental caries with frequency of sugar exposures and vegetarian / mixed diet.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted among 2500 school children of 12 and 15 years age groups selected on the basis of simple random sampling from different schools of the city. Dental caries was recorded using Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth index (WHO modification, 1997) and correlated with the different dietary variables. Subjects were also segregated on the basis of diet: vegetarian and mixed. Statistical analysis was done using Student t-test and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient.Results: The prevalence of dental caries in the 12 and 15 year age group of subjects consuming mixed diet was 83.36% and 86.47% respectively. It was lower in case of subjects on vegetarian diet. The correlation between DMFS and TSE, FSE and AMSE was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05) in the 12 year age-group. In the 15 year age-group the correlation of DMFS with TSE and LSE was also found to be statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: There was no statistically significant difference in dental caries status among subjects in both the groups (vegetarian and mixed). However, there was significant association between sugar exposures and dental caries among subjects of both the age-groups.

scholarly journals A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FOR MYCOPLASMA GALLISEPTICUM ANTIBODIES IN NON-VACCINATED COMMERCIAL LAYER BIRDS IN KHULNA DISTRICT

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Jalil ◽  
MT Islam
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sera Samples

A cross-sectional study was carried out on 96 commercial layer farms of six upazilas of Khulna district to know the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection during the period from August 2009 to July 2010. A total of 1268 sera samples were collected from randomly selected layer birds of different age groups and tested by serum plate agglutination (SPA) test by using commercial MG antigen (Nobilis® MG, Intervet International) to detect the presence of antibodies against MG. The overall prevalence of MG infection was recorded as 67.4%. Age-wise analysis revealed that there was significant relationship (p<0.001) between MG infection and age of birds. The highest prevalence of MG infection was 71.2% in 21-56 weeks age group followed by 66.8% in 8-20 weeks age group. There was significant (p<0.001) variation in the seroprevalence in terms of areas of study (upazilas). Significant (p<0.001) effect of seasons in the seroprevalence of MG infection in layer birds was observed in the present study. The prevalence of MG infection was the highest (75.6%) in winter season followed by summer (66.3%) and rainy (60.8%) seasons. The seroprevalence of MG infection was higher in most of the large flocks and lower in small flocks with some exceptions. It is evident from the present study that above 50% layer birds are infected with MG organism. Therefore, it may be suggested that the layer farms should be routinely checked to monitor MG infection and the reactor birds should be culled since MG organism has the potential to transmit vertically.DOI = http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v8i2.9620Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2010). 8 (2) : 93-96 

scholarly journals A study of surgical profile of patients undergoing appendectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamlesh Dhruv ◽  
Sunita Meshram ◽  
Sujan Narayan Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Common Operation

Background: The most common cause of acute abdomen in surgical is appendicitis. Among the surgeries of abdomen performed all over the world, appendectomy is the most common operation performed. Many studies have shown variations of age, gender in acute appendicitis as well as the seasonal variations in the occurrence of acute appendicitis, although the cause is not found yet. Objective was to study the surgical profile of patients undergoing appendectomy.Methods: A total of 302 patients who have undergone appendectomy were included in the present study which was hospital based cross sectional study. The study was carried out for two years at Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, India. Permission from Institutional Ethics Committee permission was obtained. From each and every patient included in the study, initially Informed individual consent was taken.Results: The incidence of appendicitis is much more in females i.e. 60% compared to only 40% in males. Appendicitis was most common in younger age groups of below 30 years of age. As the age increased the incidence of appendicitis decreased. From 83.2% at 30 or less than 30 of age it drastically dropped down to 15.9% in the age group of 30-49 years and in the age group of 50 and above, the incidence of appendicitis came down to less than one percentage. Only three cases were recorded above the age of 50 years.Conclusions: Present study revealed more rates in females. The disease was more common in younger age groups. The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain. Presence of abdominal mass was absent in the present study.

scholarly journals Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Qasr-e Shirin, a border area in the west of Iran

2018 ◽  
pp. 1692-1697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazdan Hamzavi ◽  
Naser Nazari ◽  
Nahid Khademi ◽  
Keivan Hassani ◽  
Arezoo Bozorgomid
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Animal Reservoir ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandfly ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Single Lesion

Aim: The prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is growing in Iran, and new sources of the disease have been found in the country. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology of CL in Qasr-e Shirin County, Kermanshah Province, West of Iran. Qasr-e Shirin is located near the Iran-Iraq border, and several million pilgrims pass through this area to Iraq every year. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out for active case detection from April 1, 2014, to March 31, 2015. All individuals with suspicious lesions were identified through house-to-house visits in the aforementioned area. A questionnaire was filled out for everyone with clinical suspicion of CL. A diagnosis was made based on parasitological examination of the lesion exudate. The annual incidence and prevalence of CL were estimated. Results: In total, 5277 individuals were randomly screened for the presence of active lesions or scars suspected of CL. The overall prevalence of CL in the County was 4.8% (60 cases had active lesions and 194 cases had scars). All age groups were affected, but the highest incidence of CL was seen in the age group 20-29 years (1.9%). The incidence and prevalence were higher in women than men (5.5% vs. 4%). Most cases (45.6%) had a single lesion or scar and 44 (17.4%) patients had five or more lesions or scars. Conclusion: The incidence of CL in Qasr-e Shirin County is high. There is a need for further studies on reservoirs and vectors of leishmaniasis in this area. The results of such studies help to perform more efficient and timely spraying against phlebotomine sandfly or detect and decrease the animal reservoir population.

Frequency of Crowding in patients reporting at Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1908-1909
Author(s):  
Zubair Hassan Awaisi ◽  
Muhammad Azeem ◽  
Faisal BDS ◽  
Hafiza Asma Jawaid ◽  
Muhammad Haseeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Chi Square Test

Aim: To determine the frequency of crowding in patients reporting at Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan. Methods: A total of 200 patients (126 females, 74 males) having malocclusion in permanent dentition were included in this cross-sectional study. Patients in the age group 7years and above were included in the study. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version20.0. Cross tabulations were performed for gender and age groups and chi square test was used to determine association. Results: The frequency of crowding was found to be 29%. The percentage of crowding in males was 12% and females 17 %. While the frequency of crowding was 31% in males and 28% in females. It was found that there was a decrease in crowding with increasing age in both genders. Conclusion: Crowding was more frequent in females than males. Keywords: Malocclusion, Alignment, Orthodontics

Prevalence of Different Types of Leukemia and Associated Factors among Children in Children's Cancer Units at Al-Kuwait Hospital, Sana'a City: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Hassan A. Al-Shamahy ◽  
Monya Abdullah Yahya El-Zine ◽  
Abdulrahman M Alhadi ◽  
Abdulrahman A. IshaK
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pediatric Leukemia ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Cure Rates

Introduction: Leukemia is a heterogeneous group of hematological disorders that is made up of several diverse and biologically distinct subgroups. Leukemia is the 11th and10th most common cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide, respectively. There are insufficient data on the prevalence and associated factors of leukemia in Yemen, particularly in the study area. Aims: This cross-sectional study aims to determine the prevalence of different types of leukemia and associated factors among children with leukemia in the pediatric cancer units of Al-Kuwait Hospital, Sana'a City. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on children with leukemia who were treated selectively in the pediatric leukemia units of Kuwait University Hospital in Sana'a. Group diagnostics and histopathological diagnoses were formed in line with the French, American and British classifications of leukemia in children in the pediatric leukemia units, over a period of 5 years. Factors associated with become infected with leukemia that were studied included ages, gender, and regarding outcomes. The association of death and recovery with different age groups and leukemia types was also studied through rates and calculation of OR, CI, chi-square test and p values ​​through probability tables. Results: 244 leukemia patients were diagnosed, treated and followed; there was association of leukemia with younger age group; 50% were in the age group 1-5 years and with mean ± SD age= 6.44 ± 3.7 years. There was significant association with male gender (66.7%). There was non-significant association between high mortality and the 6-10 year age group [(8/78; 10.2%), with OR = 2.6, p = 0.060, and with the AML [(4/38; 10.5%), OR = 2.1)]. Considering, the cure rates association with ages, roughly there were similar cure rates occurred in the different age groups. Also, there was high cure rate in the JCM (2/3; 66%), with OR = 2.9. And with the CML (7/11; 63.6%; OR = 2.60. Conclusion: In the current study an association between leukemia and younger age group, with males was found. An association between high mortality and the 6-10 year age group, with AML was found. Also, there was no association between ages and cure rate but a high cure rate occurred with JCM and CML.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis Among Young People on Rise in Sri-Lanka (An Analysis of Trend and Associated Factors)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Saman Kapilawanse ◽  
R. P. Bichha ◽  
Sudath Samaraweera ◽  
Nirupa Pallewatte ◽  
Harshni Vitharana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Age Category

Introduction: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in 5 randomly selected districts i.e Gampaha, Kandy, Badulla, Nuwara Eliya and Ratnapura during the period of March to September 2014. The general objective of the study was to describe the trend of TB among young population over past 6 years in Sri Lanka and to determine contributory factors associated with TB among young population.Methodology: The study was carried out in two stages. The first stage was analysis of the trend of TB over the 6 year period of 2008-2014. The analysis of the trend was carried out using the existing secondary data at the Medical Records Division of the National Programme for Tuberculosis Control and Chest Diseases (NPTCCD). Trend was analyzed for new cases of TB patients of 15--34 years of age and separately for 15-24 and 25-34 age groups and for each type of new TB cases. The second stage was a descriptive cross sectional study which was carried out to determine the associated factors. All the patients (new/ retreatment)in age group of 15-34 years and registered at the selected district chest clinics with confi rmed TB were selected as the study subjects. Operational Definitions were used to identify confi rmed TB cases ie, Sputum smear positive TB, smear negative pulmonary TB and Extra pulmonary TB. The data were collected using a pre tested interviewer administered questionnaire by the District Tuberculosis Control Officers attached to the relevant District Chest Clinics.Result: The main findings of the study were, The two peaks of TB incidence were observed in the trend across age groups and first one was in the age group of 25-34 years second peak in the age group of 45-54.Overall trend of TB in the country is more towards the older age groups (over 45 years), but shift to younger age groups were observed in 15 out of 16 districts in the country. A total of 223 patients were included in the descriptive study. The highest proportion (34%) of study population was from the district of Gampaha while least proportion (10%) of it was from Nuwara Eliya. Nearly 53% of the study population was above 25 years of age with the sex ratio of 1:1. A majority (68%) of the study population was Sinhalese while nearly 70% of the study population has passed the O/L, A/L, Diploma or a degree. About one third of the study population was unemployed. Nearly half (50.4%) of the study population was having monthly income of about Rs. 20,000.00 or above. 31% of the study population were current or past alcohol consumers and 29% were smokers and 7% of the study population were current or past cannabis consumers. Majority (77%) of the study population were under-nourished while 14% of them were less than 15 kg/m2. Nearly three fourth (72%) of the study population have been diagnosed by a consultant. Statistically signifi cant associations were found between the age category and more than 3 family members (χ2=5.063, df=1, p<0.017), ethnicity (χ2=4.229, df=1, p<0.04), employment category (χ2=13.859, df=3, p<0.003). Statistically significant associations were not found between the age category and residing district (χ2=5.962, df=4, p<0.202) and type of house (χ2=1.875, df=1, p<0.110),Conclusion: The study recommends more detailed assessment regarding the dietary habits of the patients, Emphasis on community awareness regarding nutritional aspects. Improving the nutritional status among adolescents and young adults. Modification of risky life style factors, Improvement of socio economic status through enhancement of financial stability, minimizing overcrowding and improvement of housing conditions and involving of non NTP health care providers and health professionals for TB diagnosis and management through capacity building and awareness. SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2017, Page: 18-30

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