scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Wheat as Influenced by Micronutrients Under Water Deficit Condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
MA Tithi ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
MAR Khan ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Randomized Design

Crop productivity is greatly affected by drought stress. In order to evaluate the effects of Zn and Fe micronutrients on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety BARI Gom 29, a pot experiment was conducted at the Agronomy research field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during November 2018 to March 2019. Two water regimes i.e. control (80% of field capacity) and drought (40% of field capacity) were maintained throughout the growing season. Micronutrients Zn and Fe viz. i) ZnSO4.7H2O and Fe3SO4.7H2O @22 kgha-1were applied in soil before sowing; ii) ZnSO4.7H2O solution and Fe3SO4.7H2O solution @ 5% of each were applied as foliar spray at flowering stage following completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The results indicated that drought stress affected negatively wheat growth such as plant height, fresh weight of leaf, stem, root and total weight of plant as well as yield. Zn and Fe mitigate the drought effects in wheat which ultimately improve the growth and the yield. Among the micronutrients, Fe (Fe3SO4.7H2O) was found more effective when it was applied as foliar spray @ 5% solution for increasing the growth and yield of wheat under water deficit stress condition. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 119-128

scholarly journals Methionine-induced regulation of growth, secondary metabolites and oxidative defense system in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants subjected to water deficit stress

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259585
Author(s):  
Gull Mehak ◽  
Nudrat Aisha Akram ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Prashant Kaushik ◽  
Mohamed A. El-Sheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Growth Stages

Optimum water availability at different growth stages is one the major prerequisites of best growth and yield production of plants. Exogenous application of plant growth regulators considered effective for normal functioning of plants under water-deficit conditions. A study was conducted to examine the influence of exogenously applied L-methionine on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants grown under water-deficit conditions. Twenty-five-day old seedlings of four sunflower cultivars, FH331, FH572, FH652 and FH623 were exposed to control (100% F.C.) and drought stress (60% F.C.) conditions. After 30-day of drought stress, L-methionine (Met; 20 mg/L) was applied as a foliar spray to control and drought stressed plants. Water deficit stress significantly reduced shoot fresh and dry weights shoot and root lengths, and chlorophyll a content in all four cultivars. While a significant increase was observed due to water deficiency in relative membrane permeability (RMP), malondialdehyde (MDA), total soluble proteins (TSP), total soluble sugars (TSS), ascorbic acid (AsA) and activity of peroxidase (POD). Although, exogenously applied Met was effective in decreasing RMP, MDA and H2O2 contents, it increased the shoot fresh weight, shoot length, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a/b ratio, proline contents and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT enzymes in all four cultivars under water deficit stress. No change in AsA and total phenolics was observed due to foliar-applied Met under water stress conditions. Of all sunflower cultivars, cv. FH-572 was the highest and cv. FH-652 the lowest of all four cultivars in shoot fresh and dry weights as well as shoot length under drought stress conditions. Overall, foliar applied L-methionine was effective in improving the drought stress tolerance of sunflower plants that was found to be positively associated with Met induced improved growth attributes and reduced RMP, MDA and H2O2 contents under water deficit conditions.

scholarly journals Osmolyte-induced water deficit stress mitigation during panicle initiation stage in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Md. Nurjamal Islam ◽  
Abdul Awal Chowdhury Masud ◽  
Md. Mahabub Alam ◽  
Md. Nurnabi Islam ◽  
Mohammed Lutfur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Initiation Stage

A field experiment was conducted to observe the osmolyte-induced water deficit stress mitigation during the panicle initiation stage in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan72). At the panicle initiation stage, plants were simulated with four levels of water regimes viz., well-irrigated (D0), water deficit for 5 d (D1), 10 d (D2) and 15 d (D3). Plants were treated with or without 10 mM of proline (Pro) and trehalose (Tre) as foliar spray started at mid-vegetative stage and continued till the end of stress period. Results revealed that water deficit stress drastically reduced most of the plant morpho-physiological attributes while other yield contributing characters were also affected due to prolonged water deficit stress. However, exogenous application of osmolytes like Pro and Tre significantly increased all those morphological, physiological and yield contributing parameters. Foliar addition of osmolytes concomitantly decreased the number of non-effective tillers hill-1 and the number of unfilled grain panicle-1 under water stress condition. Although both the osmolytes performed well under multiple duration of drought stress, the application of 10 mM Pro markedly improved all growth and yield contributing parameters under D1 water deficit stress compared to other stress durations. Hence, it may be concluded that the use of osmolytes would be a prospective remedy against moderate water deficit stress in transplanted rice production.

Influence of hydrophilic gel polymers on water relations and growth and yield of barley and canola

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Volkmar ◽  
C. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Agricultural Field

Hydrophilic super-absorbent polymers retain large amounts of plant-available moisture and have been promoted for use as soil amendments in drought-prone regions. This controlled-environment study evaluated the capacity of two commercial polymer gels, Grogel and Transorb, to mitigate the effects of recurring moderate water-deficit stress (dry-down to 50% field capacity before rewatering) on growth and yield of barley and canola. Rates of 0.03, 0.12, 0.47 and 1.87 g polymer kg−1 sandy loam soil (1, 4, 16 and 64 times the recommended commercial application rate) were tested. Plants were grown at a soil moisture content of approximately 50% of field capacity. Neither polymer was effective at the commercially recommended rate. Barley and canola grain yields were unaffected at any Grogel rate, and Transorb had no effect on barley grain yield. Grogel at the highest rate enhanced early shoot mass, mature biomass production and grain yield of barley and increased leaf RWC. Canola had greater early and late vegetative biomass, but pod yield was not increased by Grogel at any rate. Transorb was most effective at four times the recommended rate, significantly increasing tiller and fertile spike number and mature biomass production at that rate. Leaf RWC were unaffected by Transorb treatment. Grogel stimulated root growth of barley but had no effect on roots of canola. Both polymers tended to increase consumptive water use. Spatial restriction was found to drastically reduce the water retention of both polymers and limit the absorbency of both polymers in this study. The high rates of polymer required to elicit a crop yield response under relatively mild water-deficit conditions limit the value of these polymers for agricultural field use of the crop species tested. Key words: Barley, canola, drought, hydrophilic polymer, soil conditioner, water stress

scholarly journals The effects of silicon and titanium on safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) growth under moisture deficit condition

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Janmohammadi ◽  
Nasrin Mohamadi ◽  
Fariborz SHEKARI ◽  
Amin ABBASI ◽  
Mohammad ESMAILPOUR
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Nano Silicon ◽  
Semi Arid

Safflower is one of important crop in semi-arid regions of the world, where the precipitations are limited. In order to investigate the effect of foliar spray of nano-silicon dioxide (10 and 20 mM) and nano titanium dioxide (25 and 50 mM) and water-deficit stress (irrigation after 110 mm evaporation) on growth parameters and yield components of spring safflower a field experiment was carried out at the highland semi-arid region, in, North West of Iran. Water deficit stress significantly reduced morpho-physiological traits such as ground cover, canopy width, leaf fresh mass, leaf are and plant height) as well as yield components (e.g. capitulum diameter, seed mass and seed number per capitulum). However, the plants grown under water deficit condition showed the higher harvest index than well irrigated plants. Comparison of the foliar treatments showed that the both nano-particles (silicon and titanium) improved the plant growth and yield components over the control. However, the effect of nano-silicon was more prominent than titanium. The highest amount of seed oil was recorded under well irrigated condition (irrigation after 60 mm evaporation) with foliar application of nano-titanium. The percentage of palmitic acid, arachidic acid and myristic acid in seed increased by nano-titanium application. Altogether, principal component analysis indicated that spray of 10 mM nano silicon dioxide was best foliar treatments under all moisture regimes.

scholarly journals Strategies to Apply Water-Deficit Stress: Similarities and Disparities at the Whole Plant Metabolism Level in Medicago truncatula

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2813
Author(s):  
Verónica Castañeda ◽  
Esther M. González
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Plant Level

Water-deficit stresses such as drought and salinity are the most important factors limiting crop productivity. Hence, understanding the plant responses to these stresses is key for the improvement of their tolerance and yield. In this study M. truncatula plants were subjected to 250 mM NaCl as well as reduced irrigation (No-W) and 250 g/L polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000 to induce salinity and drought stress, respectively, provoking a drop to −1.7 MPa in leaf water potential. The whole plant physiology and metabolism was explored by characterizing the stress responses at root, phloem sap and leaf organ level. PEG treatment led to some typical responses of plants to drought stress, but in addition to PEG uptake, an important impairment of nutrient uptake and a different regulation of carbon metabolism could be observed compared to No-W plants. No-W plants showed an important redistribution of antioxidants and assimilates to the root tissue, with a distinctive increase in root proline degradation and alkaline invertase activity. On the contrary, salinity provoked an increase in leaf starch and isocitrate dehydrogenase activity, suggesting key roles in the plant response to this stress. Overall, results suggest higher protection of salt-stressed shoots and non-irrigated roots through different mechanisms, including the regulation of proline and carbon metabolism, while discarding PEG as safe mimicker of drought. This raises the need to understand the effect at the whole plant level of the different strategies employed to apply water-deficit stress.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KADAR LENGAS TANAH PADA BERBAGAI FASE PERTUMBUHAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KEDELAI

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Achmad Fatchul Aziez ◽  
Agus Budiyono ◽  
Endang Suprapti ◽  
Ari Kus Wardiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Filling Phase ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Branches

Soybeans are a very important food requirement in Indonesia, but they often face drought problems. Drought stress causes inefficient nitrogen absorption and makes the stomata close early so photosynthesis is not optimal, resulting in reduced yield. This research was conducted from August 2020 to October 2020 in Demangan village, Sambi sub-district, Boyolali district with polybags in a plastic house. This research method used Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two factors and repeated 3 times. The first factor was soil moisture content consisting ie. 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% of field capacity. The second factor, the growth phase consists of active vegetative, flowering, and seed filling. Observations included the number of branches, number of productive branches, number of trifoliate leaves, the weight of filled pods, and weight of 100 dry seeds. Drought stress reduced the growth and yield of soybean at 25% moisture content in the field capacity of the seed filling phase. The number of branches, the number of productive branches, the number of trifoliate leaves, the weight of filled pods, and the weight of 100 dry seeds decreased with the lowest value.

scholarly journals Alleviation of Adverse Effect of Drought Stress on Soybean (Glycine max. L.) by Using Poultry Litter Biochar

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Mannan ◽  
E Halder ◽  
MA Karim ◽  
JU Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Poultry Litter Biochar

The experiment was conducted under controlled condition at the Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh from January to April 2015 to clarify the mechanism that might be involved in the ameliorating effects of poultry litter biochar on soybean plants grown under water deficit stress. The treatments were (i) water regimes (well watered and 40% field capacity) and (ii) biochar (0, 25, 50 and 100 t ha-1). Results indicated that water deficit stress induced reduction in growth, leaf water and chlorophyll content and yield of soybean plant compared with those of the unstressed plants. On the other hand, water deficit stress led to increases in proline content. The improvement of drought tolerance resulted from biochar application were accompanied with improved water and proline accumulation as well as less degradation of chlorophyll in leaf was observed. These results clearly demonstrate that harmful effect of drought could reduce on plant height, leaf water and chlorophyll contents and yield of soybean. Consequently, application of poultry litter biochar is a good strategy to effectively solve the seasonal drought stress problem in dry lands.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016 19(2): 61-69

scholarly journals EMS Derived Wheat Mutant BIG8-1 (Triticum aestivum L.)—A New Drought Tolerant Mutant Wheat Line

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5314
Author(s):  
Marlon-Schylor L. le Roux ◽  
Nicolas Francois V. Burger ◽  
Maré Vlok ◽  
Karl J. Kunert ◽  
Christopher A. Cullis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Drought Response ◽  
Fibrous Root ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Drought response in wheat is considered a highly complex process, since it is a multigenic trait; nevertheless, breeding programs are continuously searching for new wheat varieties with characteristics for drought tolerance. In a previous study, we demonstrated the effectiveness of a mutant known as RYNO3936 that could survive 14 days without water. In this study, we reveal another mutant known as BIG8-1 that can endure severe water deficit stress (21 days without water) with superior drought response characteristics. Phenotypically, the mutant plants had broader leaves, including a densely packed fibrous root architecture that was not visible in the WT parent plants. During mild (day 7) drought stress, the mutant could maintain its relative water content, chlorophyll content, maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and stomatal conductance, with no phenotypic symptoms such as wilting or senescence despite a decrease in soil moisture content. It was only during moderate (day 14) and severe (day 21) water deficit stress that a decline in those variables was evident. Furthermore, the mutant plants also displayed a unique preservation of metabolic activity, which was confirmed by assessing the accumulation of free amino acids and increase of antioxidative enzymes (peroxidases and glutathione S-transferase). Proteome reshuffling was also observed, allowing slow degradation of essential proteins such as RuBisCO during water deficit stress. The LC-MS/MS data revealed a high abundance of proteins involved in energy and photosynthesis under well-watered conditions, particularly Serpin-Z2A and Z2B, SGT1 and Calnexin-like protein. However, after 21 days of water stress, the mutants expressed ABC transporter permeases and xylanase inhibitor protein, which are involved in the transport of amino acids and protecting cells, respectively. This study characterizes a new mutant BIG8-1 with drought-tolerant characteristics suited for breeding programs.

scholarly journals Exogenous Application of Brassinosteroid 24-Norcholane 22(S)-23-Dihydroxy Type Analogs to Enhance Water Deficit Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1158
Author(s):  
Katy Díaz ◽  
Luis Espinoza ◽  
Rodrigo Carvajal ◽  
Evelyn Silva-Moreno ◽  
Andrés F. Olea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Homogeneous Solution ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Exogenous Application

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant hormones that play an essential role in plant development and have the ability to protect plants against various environmental stresses, such as low and high temperature, drought, heat, salinity, heavy metal toxicity, and pesticides. Mitigation of stress effects are produced through independent mechanisms or by interaction with other important phytohormones. However, there are few studies in which this property has been reported for BRs analogs. Thus, in this work, the enhancement of drought stress tolerance of A. thaliana was assessed for a series of 2-deoxybrassinosteroid analogs. In addition, the growth-promoting activity in the Rice Lamina Inclination Test (RLIT) was also evaluated. The results show that analog 1 exhibits similar growth activity as brassinolide (BL; used as positive control) in the RLIT bioassay. Interestingly, both compounds increase their activities by a factor of 1.2–1.5 when they are incorporated to polymer micelles formed by Pluronic F-127. On the other hand, tolerance to water deficit stress of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings was evaluated by determining survival rate and dry weight of seedlings after the recovery period. In both cases, the effect of analog 1 is higher than that exhibited by BL. Additionally, the expression of a subset of drought stress marker genes was evaluated in presence and absence of exogenous applied BRs. Results obtained by qRT-PCR analysis, indicate that transcriptional changes of AtDREBD2A and AtNCED3 genes were more significant in A. thaliana treated with analog 1 in homogeneous solution than in that treated with BL. These changes suggest the activation of alternative pathway in response to water stress deficit. Thus, exogenous application of BRs synthetic analogs could be a potential tool for improvement of crop production under stress conditions.

scholarly journals INITIAL GROWTH OF Dipteryx alata PLANTS UNDER WATER DEFICIT

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Santos Matos ◽  
Igor Alberto Silvestre Freitas ◽  
Lidiane Villas Boas Dos Santos ◽  
Daniel Guimarães Venâncio ◽  
Patrícia Souza da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of water deficit stress on the growth of Dipteryx alata plants. The experiment was carried out on a bench in full sun at the Goiás State University experimental unit, in Ipameri town, Goiás. Dipteryx alata seeds were collected from native plants in that municipality and sown in four-liter pots containing a mixture of soil, sand and cattle manure at ratio 3:1:0.5, respectively. The experiment was set up following the completely randomized design with five treatments (plants irrigated for 25 days with water volumes corresponding to 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of daily evapotranspiration) and six replicates. Treatments were applied when the plants were 60 days old, and at 85 days the plants were assessed for the following parameters: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, foliar chlorophyll concentration (a+b ), total carotenoids, relative water content, transpiration, leaf, stem and root mass ratios, and total biomass. During early development, the Dipteryx alata plants were highly sensitive to water deficit, significantly slowing down vegetative growth. Accordingly, in order to remain alive, the plants drastically reduced transpiration as a result of high stomatal sensitivity.

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