Childhood Obesity: Nutritional Transition of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-38
Author(s):  
SM Tajdit Rahman ◽  
Md Daharul Islam ◽  
Ranajit Sen Chowdhury ◽  
Abida Tarannum
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Childhood Nutrition ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Nutritional Transition

Childhood obesity has been a major public health concern in many high income countries. In middle income countries, like Bangladesh, the coexistence of obesity and underweight makes the situation more grievous. It creates a transitional status in the childhood nutrition in Bangladesh. The priority is to identify the overall picture of obesity status in our country. In this review article we try to identify the transitional situation of childhood nutrition and the importance of finding out the overall picture of childhood obesity throughout the country. Bangladesh J Medicine Jan 2020; 31(1) : 37-38

scholarly journals Household Overcrowding in a low-middle income country: How a public health concern is it?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Hosseinie ◽  
Abraha WoldeMichael ◽  
Masoumeh Najafi Gharebolagh ◽  
Satar Rezaei ◽  
Enayatollah Homaie Rad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Middle Income Country ◽  
Income Country ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Middle Income

Childhood obesity: a growing public health concern

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aviva Must ◽  
Susan A Hollander ◽  
Christina D Economos
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern

scholarly journals High Levels of Childhood Obesity Observed among 3- to 7-Year-Old New Zealand Pacific Children Is a Public Health Concern

2003 ◽  
Vol 133 (11) ◽  
pp. 3456-3460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona K. Gordon ◽  
Elaine L. Ferguson ◽  
Viliami Toafa ◽  
Teavekura-Emma Henry ◽  
Ailsa Goulding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern

scholarly journals Understanding Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Profiles of Salmonella Biofilm and Planktonic Bacteria Challenged with Disinfectants Commonly Used During Poultry Processing

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrna Cadena ◽  
Todd Kelman ◽  
Maria L. Marco ◽  
Maurice Pitesky
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Planktonic Bacteria ◽  
Poultry Processing ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection

Foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella that survive cleaning and disinfection during poultry processing are a public health concern because pathogens that survive disinfectants have greater potential to exhibit resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants after their initial disinfectant challenge. While the mechanisms conferring antimicrobial resistance (AMR) after exposure to disinfectants is complex, understanding the effects of disinfectants on Salmonella in both their planktonic and biofilm states is becoming increasingly important, as AMR and disinfectant tolerant bacteria are becoming more prevalent in the food chain. This review examines the modes of action of various types of disinfectants commonly used during poultry processing (quaternary ammonium, organic acids, chlorine, alkaline detergents) and the mechanisms that may confer tolerance to disinfectants and cross-protection to antibiotics. The goal of this review article is to characterize the AMR profiles of Salmonella in both their planktonic and biofilm state that have been challenged with hexadecylpyridinium chloride (HDP), peracetic acid (PAA), sodium hypochlorite (SHY) and trisodium phosphate (TSP) in order to understand the risk of these disinfectants inducing AMR in surviving bacteria that may enter the food chain.

scholarly journals Examining lifestyle behaviours and weight status of primary schoolchildren: using Mozambique to explore the data gaps in low- and middle-income countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-220
Author(s):  
Taru Manyanga
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Data Gaps ◽  
Low And Middle Income

The emergency of malnutrition and physical inactivity among children as serious public health challenges in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is concerning and requires urgent attention. The main objective of this dissertation was to examine relationships between lifestyle behaviours and weight status among schoolchildren in Mozambique and use findings to highlight important data gaps that exist in LMICs. Narrative literature searches conducted identified data gaps and research needs. A published protocol was used for this dissertation (n = 683) to facilitate data comparability. Anthropometric and accelerometry data were objectively measured while data about lifestyle behaviours and environmental factors were collected using context-adapted questionnaires. As part of this dissertation, 6 manuscripts were developed and submitted for publication in peer-reviewed scientific journals. Results showed a dearth of information and that overweight/obesity is an emerging public health concern, especially among urban children. Moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), active transport, and maternal body mass index (BMI) were important modifiable correlates of weight status for Mozambican children. Distinct differences in prevalences of lifestyle behaviours were observed between urban and rural children in Mozambique. Compared with children from 12 other countries, children from Mozambique had lower BMI, higher daily MVPA, lower daily sedentary time, and comparable sleep duration. Linear distributions of study site-specific BMI, minutes of daily MVPA, and daily sedentary time by country human development index were observed. Findings revealed important differences between urban and rural children, supporting the need to include both in study samples and especially in LMICs where most people live in rural areas.

Thiamin deficiency in low- and middle-income countries: Disorders, prevalences, previous interventions and current recommendations

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey R Johnson ◽  
Philip R Fischer ◽  
Thomas D Thacher ◽  
Mark D Topazian ◽  
Megan W Bourassa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Thiamin Deficiency ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Dietary Diversification ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Background: Thiamin deficiency is a major public health concern in several low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)—current attention to the problem is lacking. Aim: This review discusses prevalence of thiamin insufficiency and thiamin-deficiency disorders (TDDs) in LMICs, outlines programmatic experience with thiamin interventions, and offers recommendations to improve public-health and research attention to thiamin in LMICs. Discussion: Thiamin insufficiency, i.e. low-blood-thiamin status, is endemic among several Southeast Asian countries: Cambodia (70–100% of infants and 27–100% of reproductive-age women); Laos (13% of hospitalized infants); Thailand (16–25% of children and 30% of elderly adults). Thiamin deficiency accounts for up to 45% of under-5 deaths in Cambodia, 34% of infant deaths in Laos, and 17% of infant deaths in Myanmar. Deficiency also exists in Africa, Asia, and the Americas, but these instances have typically been isolated. Exclusively breastfed infants of thiamin-deficient mothers are at highest risk for TDD and related death. Intervention strategies that have been employed to combat thiamin deficiency include food processing, fortification, supplementation, dietary diversification, and dietary behaviors, all of which have shown varying levels of effectiveness. Conclusions: We recommend universal thiamin-fortification of context-specific staple-foods in LMICs as a promising solution, as well as thiamin supplementation, particularly for pregnant and lactating women. Food processing regulations, dietary diversification, and modification of dietary behaviors to increase consumption of thiamin-rich foods may provide benefits in some circumstances, especially in countries without universal fortification programs or in populations dependent on food aid.

scholarly journals The association of socio-demographic and environmental factors on childhood diarrhea in Cambodia

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Vong Pisey ◽  
Pannee Banchonhattakit ◽  
Wongsa Laohasiriwong
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Childhood Diarrhea ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
One Year

Background: Diarrhea diseases remain the leading cause of death among children under-five in lower and lower-middle-income countries. This study was conducted to investigate the factors related to diarrhea among children aged 12 to 35 months in Cambodia. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2014 using a combination of household and children’s datasets. A generalized linear mixed model was used to analyze the determinant factors of diarrhea. Results: The survey included 2,828 children aged 12 to 35 months. The prevalence of diarrhea in the last 2 weeks was 16.44% (95% CI: 14.72%-18.31%). Factors significantly associated with childhood diarrhea were: maternal unemployment (AOR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.14-1.78); the child being male (AOR = 1.25; 95%CI: 1.02-1.53); the presence of unimproved toilet facilities (AOR = 1.17; 95%CI: 1.05-1.31); and unhygienic disposal of children’s stools (AOR = 1.32; 95%CI: 1.06-1.64) when controlling for other covariates. Both maternal age (one year older; AOR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.78– 0.93) and child age (one month older; AOR = 0.86; 95%CI: 0.78-0.94) had significant negative associations with the occurrence of childhood diarrhea. Conclusion: Childhood diarrhea remains a public health concern in Cambodia. Intervention programs should focus on reducing diarrheal diseases by constructing improved toilet facilities and promoting behavior to improve hygiene, specifically targeting younger mothers.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Applications of Biosynthesized AgNPs: A Short Review (2015-2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-153
Author(s):  
Anita P. Patil ◽  
Kailas H. Kapadnis
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Serious Illness ◽  
Biosynthesized Agnps

Bacterial resistance to a wide spectrum of antimicrobial medicines has evolved as a major public health concern. Antibiotics are medications that are used to kill microorganisms that could cause serious illness or death. Nanotechnology has exploded as a significant and appealing field of research, with innovative features and functionalities in a variety of fields. Silver is a versatile antibacterial and anticancer medicinal agent in the form of nanoparticles. Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been implicated in a wide variety of medicinal benefits. This review article addresses antibacterial applications of biosynthesized AgNPsthat have been researched over the last decade. AgNPs' antimicrobial potential against a variety of bacterial agents is discussed.

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