scholarly journals Retinopathy in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetics with a special stress on the importance of glycemic control

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Rashi Khare ◽  
Narender S Senger
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Special Stress

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem with long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications responsible for the majority of its mortality and morbidity. The development and progression of diabetic complications are strongly related to the degree of glycemic control. The purpose of this study was to study, the incidence of retinopathy in newly diagnosed diabetics and its association with various risk factors with a special stress on role of HbA1c levels. Methods: We analysed 300 newly diagnosed type2 diabetics (diagnosed within 6 months). Patients were subject to detailed history, examination (including retinal examination), and investigations including serum creatinine, urinary micro-albumin, 24 hours urinary protein, HbA1c and ultrasonography. Results: Incidence of retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics was 30% (91/300). With increase in HbA1c, the incidence of retinopathy increased. All results were statistically proven. Conclusion: Incidence of retinopathy in newly diagnosed type2 diabetics is as high as 30%. Glycemic control is the an important factor contributing to development of this microvascular complications in diabetic patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v14i1.16535 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(1) 2015 p.39-42

scholarly journals Evaluating the Synergistic Activity of Metformin and Apple Cider Vinegar in Type 2 Diabetics

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Momina Abid ◽  
Farah Ahmed ◽  
Shehla Shaheen ◽  
Zahida Memon ◽  
M. Zaman Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Aims: The aim of this study was to observe the effect of Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV) in combination with Metformin on the Body Mass Index (BMI) and glycemic control of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Study Design: Single arm pre post quasi experimental clinical trial. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine of a tertiary care hospital and a Diabetes and Endocrinology clinic, based in Karachi, Pakistan from April to July 2019. Methodology: A total of 30 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in the study (Males: 17; females: 13; age range: 27-55 years) after obtaining written informed consent. The parameters of Body weight, BMI, Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of each patient were assessed before and after 12 weeks of treatment with Metformin 750 mg plus 2 tablespoons of ACV per day. The baseline and post treatment values of the aforementioned were compared with each other. Results: In all the 30 patients assessed after 12 weeks of treatment, the weight was significantly reduced from 85.66±18.30 kg. to 82.96±18.43 kg with a consequently significant change in the BMI from 29.38±5.08 kg/m2 to 28.43±5.16 kg/m2. Moreover, the glycemic control, assessed as FBS and HbA1c also showed significant reduction in the FBS (127.76±9.17 to 121.23±9.54) and HbA1c (7.14±0.29 to 6.92±0.29) after 12 weeks of treatment in all 30 patients (p<0.01). Conclusion: Apple Cider Vinegar seems to be effective therapy in combination with metformin for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients in improving glycemic control as well as augmenting weight reduction.

scholarly journals Systemic association of newly diagnosed proliferative diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetes patients presented at a tertiary eye hospital of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
R Thapa ◽  
S Bajimaya ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
B B Rai ◽  
G Paudyal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Case Series Study

Introduction: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is the leading cause of blindness among the diabetics. Objective: to study the systemic association of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Materials and methods: A prospective, case-series study was conducted among the newly diagnosed proliferative diabetic retinopathy cases presenting at the Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology (TIO) from January 2012 to January 2013. Diabetic retinopathy was classi¿ed using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study criteria. Blood pressure, fasting and postprandial blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid pro¿le, urine for microalbumin, urea, and creatinine were evaluated at the time of diagnosis.Results: A total of 104 type 2 diabetic patients with newly diagnosed PDR presented during the study period. Concurrent macular edema was present in 93 cases (89.42 %). The mean age was 56.96 ± 9.394 (range 32 - 78) years. Males and females comprised of 75.7 % and 24.3 % respectively. The majority (37.5 %) were involved in business, followed by government service (17.30 %), and housewives (16.34 %). Mean duration of diabetes was 11.42 ± 5.356 years (range 1 month - 26 years). Concurrent hypertension was found in 55.76 %, uncontrolled fasting and or postprandial blood sugar in 72.54 %, poor glycemic control (HbA1C > 7 %) in 73.97 %, abnormal lipid profile in 52.56 %, microalbuminuria in 67.85 %, and positive urine albumin in 50 % of the cases.Conclusion: Despite the short duration of diabetes, the concurrent hypertension, poor glycemic control, proteinuria and dyslipidemia were the main systemic associations for PDR at our clinical set-up. Awareness, identification and management of these systemic problems could reduce the rapid progression to PDR.

scholarly journals Glycemic Control by Combination Therapy of Sitagliptin-Metformin Versus Metformin Alone

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-153
Author(s):  
Misu Rani Saha ◽  
Shahin Ara ◽  
AKM Shahidur Rahman ◽  
Shakilur Rahman ◽  
M Iqbal Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Metformin Therapy ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by various metabolic defects. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus gives rise to a number of life-threatening complications that can increase mortality and morbidity. Objectives: This study was carried out to compare the effectiveness of glycemic control between combined therapy of sitagliptin-metformin and metformin monotherapy. Materials and Methods: Total data of 40 newly diagnosed type-2 diabetic patients were compiled in the study. Those patients having HbA1c more than 6% were considered as uncontrolled diabetes. The total subjects were randomly divided into two experimental groups, treated by metformin alone and treated by sitagliptin-metformin combination. Both groups were treated for three consecutive months and they were followed up after 12 weeks of treatment. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), blood sugar 2 hours after breakfast (2-ABF) and glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) were estimated in both experimental groups before starting of treatment and after 12 weeks of treatment. Results: HbA1c change from baseline was 0.82% with metformin and 1.83% with sitagliptin-metformin combination. Fasting blood glucose changed from 9.41±1.34mmol/l to 8.04±1.10mmol/l with metformin and from 9.75±1.40mmol to 7.25±0.80 with sitagliptin-metformin therapy. Blood sugar 2hours after breakfast changed from 12.68±1.07mmol/l to 10.34±1.68mmol/l with metformin and from 12.65±1.90mmol to 8.74±0.68 with sitagliptin-metformin therapy. The results showed that though both experimental groups reduced FBS, blood sugar 2-ABF, HbA1c at an acceptable level the combined therapy was found to be superior in terms of effectiveness. Conclusion: The administration of sitagliptin-metformin combined therapy to control hyperglycemia uniquely is preferable. KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-3, October 2020, Page 150-153

scholarly journals The effect of short-term intensive insulin therapy in newly-diagnosed Type-2 diabetic patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Karacaer ◽  
Taner Demirci ◽  
Hasret Cengiz ◽  
Ceyhun Varim ◽  
Ali Tamer
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Intensive Insulin Therapy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Objectives: We aimed to determine the effect of short-term intensive insulin therapy (SIIT) on long-term glycemic control in newly-diagnosed Type-2 diabetes mellitus (nT2DM) patients. Methods: In this retrospectively study conducted at Sakarya University Medical Faculty Training and Research Hospital Outpatient Clinic between 2016 and 2019, 65 nT2DM patients were enrolled soon after their SIIT was initiated and were followed for at least a year. Intensive insulin treatment was discontinued after three or 12 months in a total of 65 (23–73-year-old) patients who had been newly diagnosed with T2DM. Intensive insulin therapy was discontinued when glycemic control and the target Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) level had been attained, after which oral anti-diabetic drug (OAD), long-term insulin, and diet therapies were pursued. Results: There was a significant decrease in mean HbA1c from 11.25±1.96% to 6.67±1.07%. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was found to be an independent predictor of whether intensive insulin therapy could be discontinued after three months in a model that included FPG, HbA1c, and body mass index measured at baseline. Patients with FPG >13.8 mmol/L were 7.6 times more likely to require intensive insulin therapy beyond three months. There were significant decreases in HbA1c and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentration, but no change in C-peptide between baseline and 3 months of therapy. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that in nT2DM patients, intensive insulin therapy could be effective on long-term glycemic control and high FPG prior to three months of SIIT may predict poor long-term glycemic control. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4013 How to cite this:Karacaer C, Demirci T, Cengiz H, Varim C, Tamer A. The effect of short-term intensive insulin therapy in newly-diagnosed Type-2 diabetic patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4013 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Plasma protein glycation status in Pakistan type 2 diabetic patients with or without nephropathy

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Fatma Hussain ◽  
Mohammad Arif Maan ◽  
Munzoor Farida
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Diabetic Microangiopathy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
Pap Method

Background: Amadori-modified glycated plasma proteins play an important role in diabetic microangiopathy. Many of the pathogenic changes that occur in diabetic nephropathy (DN) may be induced by non-enzymatic glycation (NEG). Objective: The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of DN and non-enzymatic glycation levels in diabetic population. Methodology: One hundred patients with type 2 diabetes and forty healthy control subjects were recruited after consent. Case participants were further divided into two groups as type 2 diabetics with nephropathy (n = 22) and type 2 diabetics without nephropathy (n = 78). Non-fasting plasma glucose (Trinder GOD-PAP method), total plasma proteins (biuret method), Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Westergren's method), HbA1c (glycohemoglobin spectrophotometry A1c Kit) and non-enzymatic glycation (TBA colorimetric technique) were assayed. Results: Diabetic patients with nephropathy had higher ESR (55.33 ± 24.68 mm/1st hour vs. 46.88 ± 23.95 mm/1st hour vs.12.73 ± 2.34 mm/1st hour), total proteins (15.71 ± 4 g/dL vs.14.01 ± 4 g/dL vs 6.18 ± 1.16 g/dL) and non-enzymatic glycation (1.73 ± 0.48 mol./mol. vs.1.47 ± 0.58 mol./mol. vs. 0.48 ± 0.18 mol./mol.) measurements as compared to those without any similar renal complications and controls. Appreciable correlation existed between hyperglycemia and non-enzymatic glycation. Conclusion: Although the clinical consequences of NEG of circulating proteins remain ambiguous. In diabetic patients, however, extensively glycated species could exhibit significant alterations in function. Present study suggests DN as a frequently prevalent secondary complication of diabetes with a potential link with elevated NEG and glycemic control. Key words: Diabetic microangiopathy; nephropathy; glycated serum proteins.DOI: 10.3329/bjms.v9i2.5654Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.09 No.2 Apr 2010 pp.68-75

scholarly journals Serum magnesium levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and its relation with microvascular complications of diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1779
Author(s):  
Vinay Bhardwaj ◽  
Madan Lal Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes

Background: Prevalence of hypomagnesaemia is significantly higher in diabetic patients with microvascular complications compared to diabetics with no microvascular complications. The aim of this study is to measure levels of serum magnesium in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and study its association with the presenting microvascular complications.Methods: This was hospital based, one year cross-sectional study carried out in Department of Medicine, IGMC Shimla in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Total 53 patients were enrolled in this study who presented in medicine OPD or admitted in medicine ward.Results: Serum Magnesium value of the patients ranged from 1.20-3.0 mg/dl with mean value of 1.9±0.3 mg/dl. Fourteen patients (26.4%) had hypomagnesaemia. A total of 34 (64.2%) patients presented with complications of diabetes in which proteinuria was present in 34 (64.2%), retinopathy in 4 (7.5%) and neuropathy in 1 (1.9%). Fourteen (41.2%) patients with hypomagnesaemia presented with complications of diabetes (p value=0.003). 34 (64.2%) patients presented with proteinuria out of which 14 (41.2%) patients had hypomagnesaemia while 20 (58.8%) had normomagnesaemia (p=0.03). One (1.9%) patient had neuropathy and hypomagnesaemia was also present in this patient (p=0.6). Four patients (7.5%) presented with retinopathy out of which 3 (5.7%) had hypomagnesaemia while 1 (1.9%) had normomagnesaemia.Conclusions: Hypomagnesaemia is associated with microvascular complications of diabetes. Also there is statistically significant relationship between proteinuria and hypomagnesaemia in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals HDL & LDL Status in Untreated Newly Detected Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Abu Tarek Iqbal ◽  
M Jalal Uddin ◽  
Md Salehuddin ◽  
Hasan Murad
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Objective: The study was conducted with a view to find out HDL & LDL status in newly detected untreated Type II diabetic patients. Methods: Study was carried out on 116 (66 male & 50 female) newly diagnosed untreated type 2 diabetes patients aged 40 - 65 years and were selected randomly for study. Fifty (25 male & 25 female) non diabetic subjects aged 40 - 65 years were randomly selected as control. Results: LDL - C was significantly higher (P<.0001) and HDL -C was significantly lower (<.0001) in study group in comparison to control group.Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is commonly found in type - 2 diabetic patients. It is a risk factor for microvascular complications. So it should be controlled effectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v14i1.22877 Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.14 (1); Jan 2015; Page 31-33

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