scholarly journals Bioactive potential of Aphanamixis polystachya seed extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
SK Banik ◽  
S Iftekhar ◽  
AFMM Rahman ◽  
ML Bari ◽  
MS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Shigella Boydii ◽  
Seed Extracts

Aphanamixis polystachy seed extracts were examined for their in-vitro biological activities. The n-hexane and methanol extract showed significant phenolic content of 12.0 and 11.7 mg GAE/g, respectively. Antioxidant activity was exhibited by the methanol extract (IC50: 22.34 μg/mL) and moderate activity was shown by the n-hexane extract (IC50: 63.05 μg/ml) compared to BHT (tert-butyl-1- hydroxy toluene, IC50: 14.01 μg/ml) though both extracts caused moderate clot lysis of 18.84% and 23.49% compared to the positive control Streptokinase (65.16%). The n-hexane and methanol extract had shown 18.2% and 32.2% inhibition of hypnotic solution induced haemolysis respectively, while the n-hexane extract had almost no activity (2.21%) and methanol extract showed very high (70.17%) inhibition of heat induced haemolysis compared to acetyl salicylic acid (71.9%). Sensible and substantial cytotoxicity was exhibited by the n-hexane (LC50:13.45 μg/ml) and methanol extracts (LC50:1.61 μg/ml), respectively compared to vincristine sulfate (LC50: 0.45 μg/ml). The n-hexane extract showed no antimicrobial activity against the tested micro-organisms but the methanol extract showed a strong zone of inhibition (25 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus and a moderate zone of inhibition (10mm) against Shigella boydii. Both the extracts exhibited almost zero haemolysis. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(2), 75-86, 2021

scholarly journals Insightful Valorization of the Biological Activities of Pani Heloch Leaves through Experimental and Computer-Aided Mechanisms

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 5153
Author(s):  
Naureen Banu ◽  
Najmul Alam ◽  
Mohammad Nazmul Islam ◽  
Sanjida Islam ◽  
Shahenur Alam Sakib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Pani heloch (Antidesma montanum) is traditionally used to treat innumerable diseases and is a source of wild vegetables for the management of different pathological conditions. The present study explored the qualitative phytochemicals; quantitative phenol and flavonoid contents; in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and thrombolytic effects; and in vivo antipyretic and analgesic properties of the methanol extract of A. montanum leaves in different experimental models. The extract exhibited secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, flavanols, phytosterols, cholesterols, phenols, terpenoids, glycosides, fixed oils, emodines, coumarins, resins, and tannins. Besides, Pani heloch showed strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 99.00 µg/mL), while a moderate percentage of clot lysis (31.56%) in human blood and significant anti-inflammatory activity (p < 0.001) was achieved with the standard. Moreover, the analgesic and antipyretic properties appeared to trigger a significant response (p < 0.001) relative to in the control group. Besides, an in silico study of carpusin revealed favorable protein-binding affinities. Furthermore, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity analysis and toxicological properties of all isolated compounds adopted Lipinski’s rule of five for drug-like potential and level of toxicity. Our research unveiled that the methanol extract of A. montanum leaves exhibited secondary metabolites that are a good source for managing inflammation, pyrexia, pain, and cellular toxicity. Computational approaches and further studies are required to identify the possible mechanism which responsible for the biological effects.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Biological Activity Studies of Tinospora crispa Stem

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-170
Author(s):  
Mariam Rahman ◽  
Md Hasanur Rahman ◽  
Tofail Ahmad Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Shigella Boydii ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Vero Cell Lines ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Three compounds namely, tinosporol A, 8-methoxy palmatine and callecdysterol C were isolated from the methanol extract of the stem of Tinospora crispa. Biological activities of different partitionates of the parent extract was also evaluated. Antimicrobial screening of different partitionates was carried out against sixteen different microorganisms and only n-hexane fraction exhibited significant zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (9 mm), Shigella boydii (9 mm), Shigella dysenteriae (9 mm), Candida albicans (10 mm) and Aspergillus niger (10 mm).The crude methanol extract showed the highest general toxicity with LC50 values of 57.14 μg/mL against brine shrimp lethality bioassay.The total antioxidant capacity of aqueous fraction was found to be 61.61 mg as ascorbic acid equivalentper gram of plant extract.The antioxidant activity of DCM fraction revealed the highest activity having IC50 values 54.74 μg/mL. No significant cytotoxicity was observed on both HeLa and Vero cell lines. Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 68(2): 167-170, 2020 (July)

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Haloferax sp. NRS1: image analysis, characterization, in vitro thrombolysis and cytotoxicity

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hend M. Tag ◽  
Amna A. Saddiq ◽  
Monagi Alkinani ◽  
Nashwa Hagagy
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Negative Surface ◽  
Biosynthesized Agnps

AbstractHaloferax sp strain NRS1 (MT967913) was isolated from a solar saltern on the southern coast of the Red Sea, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The present study was designed for estimate the potential capacity of the Haloferax sp strain NRS1 to synthesize (silver nanoparticles) AgNPs. Biological activities such as thrombolysis and cytotoxicity of biosynthesized AgNPs were evaluated. The characterization of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized by Haloferax sp (Hfx-AgNPs) was analyzed using UV–vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The dark brown color of the Hfx-AgNPs colloidal showed maximum absorbance at 458 nm. TEM image analysis revealed that the shape of the Hfx-AgNPs was spherical and a size range was 5.77- 73.14 nm. The XRD spectra showed a crystallographic plane of silver nanoparticles, with a crystalline size of 29.28 nm. The prominent FTIR peaks obtained at 3281, 1644 and 1250 cm− 1 identified the Functional groups involved in the reduction of silver ion reduction to AgNPs. Zeta potential results revealed a negative surface charge and stability of Hfx-AgNPs. Colloidal solution of Hfx-AgNPs with concentrations ranging from 3.125 to 100 μg/mL was used to determine its hemolytic activity. Less than 12.5 μg/mL of tested agent showed no hemolysis with high significant decrease compared with positive control, which confirms that Hfx-AgNPs are considered non-hemolytic (non-toxic) agents according to the ISO/TR 7405-1984(f) protocol. Thrombolysis activity of Hfx-AgNPs was observed in a concentration-dependent manner. Further, Hfx-AgNPs may be considered a promising lead compound for the pharmacological industry.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Biological Studies of Bark Extract of Miliusa velutina (Dunal) Hook. f. & Thomson

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Titumeer Al Fahad ◽  
Md Ruhul Kuddus ◽  
Choudhury M Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Shigella Boydii ◽  
Biological Studies

The main objective of the current research was phytochemical and biological studies of the stem bark of Miliusa velutina (Dunal) Hook. f. & Thomson (Annonaceae). Four purified compounds i.e., friedelin, lupeol, β- sitosterone and caffeic acid were isolated by repeated chromatographic separation and purification of M. velutina. The compounds were identified by analysis of NMR spectral data. The crude dichloromethane extract of stem bark of M. velutina (DEMV) along with its Kupchan partitionates i.e., petroleum ether (PESF), ethyl acetate (EASF), chloroform (CSF) and aqueous (AQSF) soluble fraction were screened for antioxidant, cytotoxic, thrombolytic and antibacterial activities. During the antioxidant activity assay, the AQSF revealed maximum activity with IC50 value of 71.67 μg/ml. The cytotoxicity of plant samples was determined by brine shrimp lethality bioassay, where the maximum cytotoxic activity has been observed for EASF (LC90 = 9.01 μg/ml). In the thrombolytic activity test, the crude dichloromethane extract demonstrated significant efficacy with 46.27% inhibition of clot lysis. In antibacterial screening, the CSF exhibited noticeable inhibitory activity against Shigella boydii with the zone of inhibition 15 mm compared to the standard ciprofloxacin (zone of inhibition = 47 mm). Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 19(2): 125-131, 2020 (December)

scholarly journals In vitro antioxidant and antidiarrheal activities of aqueous and n-hexane extracts of Cucurbita maxima seed in castor oil-induced diarrheal rats

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habibu Tijjani ◽  
Adamu Matinja ◽  
Marwanatu Yahya ◽  
Emmanuel Aondofa ◽  
Akibu Sani
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Seed Extracts

Diarrhea is a common health complaint occurring with mild, temporary conditions to a potentially life-threatening condition. <i>Cucurbita maxima</i> (Cucurbitaceae) seed is reportedly used traditionally for the treatment of diarrheal and thus this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidants, total tannins, phenolics contents, and antidiarrheal potentials of <i>n</i>-hexane and aqueous <i>C. maxima</i> seed extracts in castor oil induced diarrheal rats. The <i>n</i>-hexane extract mainly contains oils while the aqueous extract was thick, brown solid. The aqueous and <i>n</i>-hexane seed extract of <i>C. maxima</i> expressed significant 2,2, diphenyl-1-picrythdrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities at 6.25 – 1000 mg/mL with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 104.01 mg/mL, 29.27 mg/mL and 26.78 mg/mL for <i>n</i>-hexane, aqueous and vitamin C respectively. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of the <i>n</i>-hexane and aqueous seed extract of <i>C. maxima</i> were significantly lower at higher concentrations compared with that of vitamin C. Furthermore, the total antioxidant capacities of <i>n</i>-hexane (22.08mg/mL) and aqueous seed extract (11.03 mg/mL) of <i>C. maxima</i> were found to be higher than that of vitamin C (134.46 mg/mL). The aqueous extracts (658.33±380.08 mg QE/g) total tannins were not significantly different from the <i>n</i>-hexane extract (468.33±102.55 mg QE/g) while the <i>n</i>-hexane extract contains significantly higher total phenolics (2.93±1.25 mg GAE/g) compared with the aqueous extract (0.19±0.04 mg GAE/g). Percentage inhibition of stooling was found to be 57±22%, 41±16%, and 46±11% for loperamide, <i>n</i>-hexane, and aqueous respectively. The study concludes that aqueous and n-hexane seed extracts of <i>C. maxima</i> (pumpkin) possess in vitro antioxidant activities and antidiarrheal properties.

scholarly journals In vitro Antioxidant, Membrane Stabilizing and Thrombolytic Activities of Glycosmis arborea

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Mamur Hossain ◽  
Farhana Islam ◽  
Tasnuva Sharmin ◽  
Hasib Sheikh ◽  
AM Rashedul Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Rat Erythrocytes ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Negative Controls

The methanol extract of leaves and stems of Glycosmis arborea and their pet-ether, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates were subjected to assays for antioxidant activity by Folin-Ciocalteau reagent, membrane stabilizing and thrombolytic activities. The carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction of stems of G. arborea demonstrated the presence of significant amount of phenolic compounds (36.95 ± 0.54 mg of GAE/g of extract). The extractives inhibited heat as well as hypotonic solution-induced haemolysis of rat erythrocytes in vitro. The pet-ether soluble fraction of leaves and stems of G. arborea showed 20.46 and 38.24% and 22.50 and 48.25%. inhibition of hemolysis of RBC caused by heat and hypotonic solution, as compared to 30.55 and 72.91% inhibition of hemolysis of RBC caused by the standard Acetyl salicylic acid at 0.01 mg/ml concentration, respectively. Among the four fractions, the chloroform soluble materials of the stems of G. arborea revealed highest thrombolytic activity with clot lysis value of 36.50% while standard streptokinase and water used as positive and negative controls, showed 64.25±0.26 and 2.35±0.35 % lysis of clot respectively DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v15i2.12579 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 15(2): 141-143, 2012

scholarly journals Potential of Malacca leaf (Phyllanthus emblica) against Salmonella sp

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Nuzul Asmilia ◽  
Mahdi Abrar ◽  
Yudha Fahrimal ◽  
Amalia Sutriana ◽  
Yobeswi Husna
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Property

Malacca is one of traditional medicine that possesses a potent antimicrobial activity. This study aims to determine the inhibitory activity of Malacca leaf extract on the growth of Salmonella sp in vitro. The bacteria was obtained from Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala. The study was conducted using n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract and ethanol of malacca leaves with dilution concentrations of 5%, 25%, and 50%.The inhibitory property of malacca leaf was tested using Kirby-Bauer method. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results of this study indicate that n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract and ethanol extract of malacca leaves can inhibit the growth of Salmonella sp. The n-hexane extract of malacca leaves showed a greater inhibition than the ethyl acetate and ethanol extract of malacca leaves. n-hexane extract with a concentration of 5%, 25%, and 50% showed average diameter inhibition of 1.35 mm (weak), 4.97 mm (moderate), and 12.87 mm (strong), respectively ethyl acetate extract with a concentration of 5%, 25%, and 50% showed average diameter inhibition of 2.00 mm (weak), 5.72 mm (moderate), and 7.58 mm (moderate), whereas in ethanol extract were 0.47 mm (weak), 2.58 mm (weak), and 4.35 mm (weak), repectively. The clear zone areas in negative and positive control were 0.00 mm 20.00 mm, respectively. Malacca leaf extract possess inhibitory property against the growth of the Salmonella sp.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, in-vitro biological and chemo-preventive profiling of Arisaema jacquemontii Blume tuber extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saira Tabassum ◽  
Muhammad Zia ◽  
Esperanza J. Carcahe de Blanco ◽  
Riffat Batool ◽  
Roohi Aslam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Etoac Extract

Abstract Background Arisaema jacquemontii is traditionally used in treatment of different diseases. In this study, phytochemical, in vitro biological and chemo-preventive screening of A. jacquemontii was carried out to explore its pharmacological potential. Methods The dried tuber of A. jacquemontii was extracted in 11 organic solvent mixture of different polarity. The extracts were screened for phytochemical assays (phenolics and flavonoids), antioxidants potential (free radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, reducing power), biological activities (antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, antileishmanial, protein kinase inhibition), and chemopreventive activities using different cell lines through standard protocols. Results Significant amount phenolic contents were determined in EtOH and MeOH extracts (210.3 ± 3.05 and 193.2 ± 3.15 μg GAE/mg, respectively). Maximum flavonoid content was determined in MeOH extract (22.4 ± 4.04 μg QE/mg). Noteworthy, DPPH scavenging activity was also recorded for MeOH extract (87.66%) followed by MeOH+EtOAc extract (85.11%). Considerable antioxidant capacity (7.8 ± 0.12 μg AAE/mg) and reducing power (3.1 ± 0.15 μg AAE/mg) was observed in extract of MeOH. The LC50 against brine shrimp and leishmanial parasite was found 9.01 and 12.87 μg/mL for n-Hex and CHCl3 extracts, respectively. The highest zone of inhibition against Streptomyces hyphae formation (12.5 ± 1.77 mm) by n-Hex extract. Growth zone of inhibition 13.8 ± 1.08 mm was recorded for EtOAc and MeOH extracts, respectively against Micrococcus luteus while 10.0 ± 0.11 mm for MeOH extract against Aspergillus flavus. In-vitro cytotoxic assay showed that n-Hex extract had higher cytotoxicity against DU-145 prostate cancer and HL-60 cancer cell lines. NF-kB and MTP potential showed 34.01 and 44.87 μg/mL for n-Hex and CHCl3 extracts, respectively in chemo-preventive potential. Conclusion The study concludes that Arisaema jacquemontii bears significant phytochemical activity and pharmacological activities, this plant can be further explored for isolation of active component against a number of aliments.

scholarly journals Actinidia macrospermaC. F. Liang (a Wild Kiwi): Preliminary Study of Its Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yin Lu ◽  
Xiangtao Du ◽  
Lidan Lai ◽  
Hao Jin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Etoac Extract ◽  
Total Antioxidant

The antioxidant potential ofActinidia macrospermaC. F. Liang (Actinidiaceae) was investigated in vitro for total phenolic content, along with total antioxidant activity (TAA), 1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), and lipid peroxidation (LP). The results indicated that different polarity extracts ofA. macrospermaexhibit different biological activities, which depends mainly on the presence of phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity was in the following decreasing order: MeOH extract > EtOAc extract > aqueous extract > CHCl3extract > Hexane extract. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of this plant by MTT dye assay using SMMC-7721 has been determined also. The hexane, EtOAc, and CHCl3extracts showed cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. Methanol and aqueous extracts, however, showed weak activities in this test. And a very significant cytotoxic activity, not significantly different from the positive control of quercetin, was observed in CHCl3extract.

scholarly journals AN INVITRO COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTICANDIDAL HERBS (GINGER & TURMERIC) ON STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bafna Harshal P ◽  
Lunawat Sadhana R ◽  
Vathar Jagdishchandra ◽  
Kalantharakath Thanveer ◽  
Ricky Pal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Dimethyl Formamide ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Inert Solvent

Aim: To comparatively evaluate the antimicrobial effect of turmeric and ginger extracts on Streptococcus mutans in in-vitro conditions. Material & Method: An in-vitro experimental study was conducted in a laboratory setting. Ethanolic extract of Ginger and Turmeric was prepared separately by cold masseration technique. The extract of each was then diluted with an inert solvent, Dimethyl Formamide, to obtain 5 different concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) of each. 0.2% chlorhexidine was used as a positive control and dimethyl formamide was used as negative control. The different extracts, along with controls, were then subjected to microbiological investigation to determine which gave a wider zone of inhibition against streptococcus mutans. The zone of inhibition was measured in millimeters. Results: Turmeric extracts presented the largest zone of inhibition 33mm at the concentration of 8%, while Ginger extract showed a zone of inhibition of 34mm at the concentration of 10%. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Turmeric demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Strptococcus Mutans at a lower concentration than that of Ginger. Keywords: Ginger, Turmeric, Streptococcus Mutans.

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