scholarly journals Alarming Pattern of Antimicrobial Resistance in Neonatal Sepsis Observed in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Tania Rahman ◽  
Sharmeen Sultana ◽  
Taslima Akber Happy ◽  
Kamrunnahar Alo ◽  
Momtaz Begum
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Background: Resistance of micro-organisms to multiple broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents is a major problem in treating neonatal sepsis. It is a matter of utmost importance to have knowledge of trends in changing pattern of antimicrobial resistance. Objective: This study was done to observe antimicrobial resistance of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria isolated from cases of neonatal sepsis Material and Methods: This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in Department of Microbiology in collaboration with Department of Neonatology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Antimicrobial resistance of all the isolated bacteria was performed by Modified Kirby-bauer disk diffusion method following standard guideline after isolation and identification of bacteria from blood samples of suspected septicemic neonates by automated blood culture and standard microbiological protocol. Results: All of the isolated Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Group-B Streptococcus and Micrococcus showed 100% resistance to ceftriaxone, cefotaxime and ceftazidime. Among the isolated gram-negative bacteria, all of Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Citrobacter spp. showed 100% resistance to amoxiclav, amikacin, ceftriaxone, cefixime, ceftazidime. Conclusion: Majority of the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are developing resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents and surveillance is necessary to tackle this alarming situation. KYAMC Journal.2021;12(01): 03-07

scholarly journals Aerobacterial Vaginosis among Women Attending an Infertility Clinic at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Chennai, India and Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail R. Sopia ◽  
Pushpa Innocent D. Joseph ◽  
M. Kalyani ◽  
B. Ananthi ◽  
Suresh Dhanaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Genital infections and subsequent vaginosis diagnosed through high vaginal swab in women is caused due to fungi or bacteria. The presented study focused on determining the types, numbers and antibacterial susceptibility pattern of aerobic bacteria causing vaginosis in 147 female patients attending infertility centre in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Candida spp. caused 17% of infections with 15.7% of vaginosis caused by E.coli, Klebsiella spp., Acinetobacter spp., Citrobacter spp. and Gram positive cocci – Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), Coagulase Negative Staphylococci(CONS), Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp. causing 12.9% of vaginitis in the study population. A total of 20 different antibiotics – cell wall inhibitors, protein synthesis inhibitors and nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors; were tested to determine the response of bacterial isolates by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The study result determined that the most effective drug for treating Gram positive bacterial vaginitis as per CLSI guidelines based on susceptibility pattern as: Linezolid(100%), Gentamycin(91.6%), Amikacin(87.5%),Erythromycin(79.2%), Co-Trimoxazole(72.2%), Ciprofloxacin(65.6%) and least Chloramphenicol(44.3%). High level gentamycin(83.3%) was found to be effective in treating Enterococci. The descending order of susceptibility of Gram negative aerobacteria causing vaginitis as per CLSI guidelines are: Amikacin(87.5%), Gentamycin(82.5%), Cefoperazone sulbactam (76.3%), Ciprofloxacin(68.5%), Ceftazidime(62.5%) and least Amoxyclav(25%).All Gram negative bacteria tested were susceptible to– Imipenem and Meropenem as well as Chloramphenicol. Ceftriaxone (87.5%) and Nitrofurantoin(72.3%) among other antibiotics was effective against Gram negative bacteria while all Enterobacteriaceae members were found to be resistant to tetracycline.

scholarly journals Evaluation of bacterial pathogens in neonatal sepsis and their susceptibility pattern: A Hospital Based Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Biplob Kumar Raha ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Md Abdul Baki ◽  
Tahmina Begum ◽  
Nazmun Nahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. Epidemiology and surveillance of neonatal sepsis helps in implementation of rational empirical antibiotic strategy. A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted in the special care baby unit under department of Paediatrics and Neonatology, BIRDEM General Hospital during the period of November 2008 to September 2009 to determine the pattern of bacterial agents causing neonatal sepsis and their susceptibility pattern to various antimicrobial agents. Blood cultures were performed on admitted newborn babies (0-28 days) to rule out sepsis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done for all blood culture isolates according to the criteria of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards by disk diffusion method. Out of 720 screened blood cultures, 64 (8.9%) reported as positive and the gram positive and gram negative bacteria accounted for 6 (9.4%) and 58 (90.6%) respectively. The most common gram positive organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (6.3%) and Enterococci (3.1%) & gram negative organisms were Klebsiella pneumoniae (37.5%), Serratia (25%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.9%), Citrobacter (10.9%) and Acinetobacter (6.3%). The susceptibilities were remarkably low to Ampicillin (3.12 %) & Cefotaxim (10.9%) for both gram positive & gram negative isolates. Gram positive group had susceptibilities of 66.7% to Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem, 83.3% to Gentamicin, & 100% to Amikacin & Vancomycin. Gram negative isolates showed higher sensitivities to Imipenem (94.8%), Ciprofloxacin (89.7%), Amikacin (72.4%) respectively. Gram-negative bacteria showed high level of resistance to commonly used antibiotics (Ampicillin, Ceftazidim and Cefotaxim). Gentamicin, Amikacin, Imipenem and Ciprofloxacin were the most effective drugs compared to others. Routine bacterial surveillance and their sensitivity patterns must be an essential component of neonatal care. CBMJ 2014 January: Vol. 03 No. 01 P: 35-40

scholarly journals Bacterial etiology and antibiotic resistance pattern of neonatal sepsis: a study in a tertiary care hospital, in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1839
Author(s):  
Mahfuza Shirin ◽  
M. Monir Hossain ◽  
Manifa Afrin ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah Al Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. The objective of the study was to detect causative microorganisms of neonatal sepsis and their antimicrobial resistance patterns.Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2017 to June 2018 in the Department of Neonatal Medicine and NICU of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital (DSH). Neonates diagnosed with probable sepsis were studied. After enrollment, 1 mL blood was taken and sent to Microbiology department of DSH for culture and sensitivity. With baseline characteristics, clinical examination findings and outcome, were also recorded.Results: Rate of isolation of single organism was 9.2% (84/913). Out of 84 isolates, gram negative bacteria were 77.4% with Klebsiella pneumonae being the commonest (35, 41.7%), gram positive bacteria were 11.9% with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus were equal (5, 5.95% each) and the remaining (9, 10.7%) isolated organism was Candida. Most of the isolated gram-negative bacteria were resistant to ampicillin, gentamicin, and ceftazidime; but gram-positive bacteria preserved 20-80% sensitivity. Klebsiella was more resistant than Acinetobacter to amikacin, netilmicin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. Around 45-65% of gram-negative bacteria were resistant to imipenem and meropenem but gram-positive bacteria showed lesser resistance. Among the gram-negative bacteria, Klebsiella and Acinetobacter were resistant to piperacillin as same as carbapenem group, but gram-positive bacteria were 100% sensitive to piperacillin. All the gram-negative bacteria showed more resistance to 4th generation cephalosporin, cefepime than carbapenem. Out of culture positive 84 neonates, 63 (75.0%) were cured but 21 (25.0%) died. Among the 21 expired neonates, 47.6% (10/21) were infected with Klebsiella.Conclusion: This study observed that gram-negative bacteria causing neonatal sepsis predominantly, with emergence of Candida. All the isolated gram-positive and gram-negative organisms were mostly resistant to available antibiotics

Bacterial Pattern of Community acquired Urinary Tract Infections: A Challenge for Antimicrobial Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Nader A. Nemr ◽  
Rania M. Kishk ◽  
Mohammed Abdou ◽  
Hassnaa Nassar ◽  
Noha M Abu bakr Elsaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is considered one of the most common bacterial infections seen in health care. To our knowledge, there is no available antimicrobial resistance surveillance system for monitoring of community-acquired UTIs (CA- UTIs) in our country. Objectives: we aimed to discuss the bacterial pattern and resistance profile of CA-UTIs in Ismailia, Egypt. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 400 patients suffering from symptoms of acute UTIs. Urine specimens were collected by clean-catch mid-stream method, examined microscopically and inoculated immediately on blood agar and MacConkey's agar plates. Colony counting, isolation and identification of the urinary pathogens were performed by the conventional biochemical tests according to the isolated organism. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Interpretation was performed according to Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: out of 400 specimens, 136 of them revealed no bacterial growth or insignificant bacteriuria. Most of participants with UTI were females (81.8%) (p=0.008) and 54.5% of them were married (P=0.1). Gram negative bacteria were more common than Gram positive representing 66 % and 34% respectively. E. coli was the most common isolated organism (39%) followed by S. aureus (32%), K. Pneumoniae and Pseudomonas (10.5% for each), Proteus (6%) and Enterococci (2%). E. coli isolates showed the highest susceptibility to imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, nitrofurantoin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Most of our patients were diabetics (64.8%) (p=0.004). The mean ± SD of HbA1c was 6.4±2.0 with 4 to 12.6 range, S.E was 0.1 and 95% C.I was 6.2- 6.7. The highest mean ± SD of HbA1c was in S. aureus infections. Conclusion: Gram negative bacteria were most common than Gram positive with predominance of E. coli with significant relation to the presence of diabetes.

AEROBIC BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE WITH ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF PUS SAMPLES AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN JAIPUR

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-67
Author(s):  
Hemendra K Sharma ◽  
Niketa Gupta ◽  
Mahesh Yadav ◽  
Aruna Vyas ◽  
Rajni Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Background: Pyogenic infections can be caused by various microorganisms and may co-exist as poly microbial infections which require antibiotic therapy. The inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to major problems of MDRO's contributing to morbidity and mortality. Even though the bacteriological prole of pus samples in many studies remain the same, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of these isolates has shown a lot of variation. This study was conducted to assess bacteriological prole of pus samples and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern Materials and Methods:Aretrospective study was carried out from April to June 2021. 540 pus culture aerobic bacterial isolates were included. The samples were cultured on Blood and MacConkey agar. After aerobic incubation at 37oC for 18-24 hrs, organisms were identied by conventional bacteriology methods as per laboratory protocol and antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI 2020 guideline. Results: Out of 540 pus isolates , 452(83.7%)were gram negative bacili and 88(16.3%) were gram positive cocci Pseudomonas spp. 173(31.9%), was most common gram negative isolate while S.. aureus 66(12.19%) was most common Gram positive isolate. Most of gram negative isolates were susceptible to Imipenem and Polymyxin and gram positive isolates to vancomycin and linezolid . Conclusion: To combat resistance irrational use of antibiotics should be avoided. Also regular surveillance helps in implementing better therapeutic strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality

scholarly journals “ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LACTOSE AND NON- LACTOSE FERMENTING BACTERIA FROM TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST”

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Kumud Bala ◽  
Ridhima Wadhwa ◽  
Rachana Bohra
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Fermenting Bacteria ◽  
Vitek 2

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to identify the fermenting and non-fermenting gram negative bacteria from the tertiary care hospital.Methods: The conventional method of identification by biochemical analysis and antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Furthermore, analysis of microbes was done by Vitek-2.Results: 424strains of lactose fermenting and non-lactose fermenting gram negative bacilli were isolated from 3097 clinical samples. From the total lactose fermenting bacteria Escherichia coli was the predominant isolate accounting for 50.94% specimens, followed by Klebsiella pneumonia 27.59% and Enterobacter 0.47%. From the total non-lactose fermenting gram negative bacilli Acinetobacter baumannii was the predominant isolate accounting for 12.73% specimens followed by Pseudomonas aeroginosa 6.13%, other isolates were Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 1.17% , Burkholderia cepacia 0.94%. In the present study male were more infected than female. The study also showed that lactose fermenting bacteria were more infectious than non lactose-fermenting bacteria and isolates were from urine samples.Conclusion: Both Non-Lactose Fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli and Lactose Fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli were found to be major contaminants, and are important pathogenic bacteria causing wide range of infections in the tertiary care hospital.Keywords: Lactose fermenting gram negative bacteria, Vitek-2, Tertiary Care Hospital, Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion, Lactose non-fermenting gram negative bacteria  

scholarly journals Retrospective study on susceptibility and resistance pattern of urinary pathogens in a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2211
Author(s):  
Sudha Ramu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility And Resistance

Background: Indiscriminate and inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents (AMA) resulted in rapid emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Institutional level surveillance program to be carried out to track AMA use. The study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of uropathogens and their susceptibility and resistance pattern in a tertiary care hospital to revise empirical therapy.Methods: Urine samples received from the inpatients and outpatients Departments of Mahatma Gandhi memorial hospital for culture sensitivity between January 2018 to December 2018 were included in this study. Data collected from the Department of Microbiology register by using WHONET software. After identification, isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by the standard Kirby Bauers diffusion method. Descriptive analysis done and results were expressed as percentage.Results: Out of 3425 samples 68.5% showed no growth, 15.5% normal flora and only 15.9% reported as culture positive. In this study the highest isolate was Escherichia coli (59%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.6%), Enterococcus sp. (7%), Staphylococcus aureus (5%), Candid (3.6%), Acinetobactor (3%) and Pseudomonas (2.9%). Uropathogens developed resistance against penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides and cotrimaxazole.Conclusions: This study confirms, the frequently prescribed empirical therapy drugs were less susceptible and developed resistance than less frequently prescribed and costly drugs. The current antimicrobial resistance pattern alarms the irrational and excessive use of antimicrobial agents. Hence the treating physicians should revise empirical therapy periodically based on the institutional antibiogram and resistance pattern reported from the laboratory to preserve antimicrobial source for the future generation.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javeria Gul ◽  
Iffat Javed ◽  
Sohaila Mushtaq ◽  
Muhammad Saeed Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Specimen ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Pathology Department

Background: The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria causing infection is a great health issue for clinicians. The problem of multidrug resistant (i.e. resistant to at least three groups of antimicrobial) is becoming more and more threatening. The rate of resistance among Gram negative bacteria especially non fermenters are increasing to all available antibiotic groups. Objectives: The aim of study was to detect the pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility in non-fermenter Gram negative bacilli (NFGNB) in a tertiary care hospital (Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore). Study Design: Descriptive study. Settings: The study was conducted in Pathology Department, Postgraduate medical institute (PGMI), Lahore. Study Period: Six months from August 2014 to December 2014. Material and Methods: Non-fermenter Gram negative bacteria were collected from various clinical specimen including blood, pus, urine, fluid aspirates and respiratory tract in a period of six months in pathology department, PGMI. All non-fermenter Gram negative isolates were identified up to species level by standard laboratory procedures using API (Analytical profile index) 20 NE (non-enterobacteriaceae). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of non-fermenter Gram negative isolates were performed by modified Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method as recommended in CLSI. Results: Out of the total 51 samples the most commonly isolated NFGNB were Acinetobacterbaumanni and Burkholderiacepacia (16 each) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7), Pseudomonas luteola (5), Stenotrophomonasmaltophilia (4), Pseudomonas fluorescens (2) and Pseudomonas stutzeri(1). Conclusion: The study showed that rate of multidrug resistance increased in non-fermenter Gram negative organisms.

scholarly journals Neonatal Bacterial Sepsis and Its Susceptibility Pattern in Neonatal Care Unit of Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Abdul Hameed Tunio ◽  
Delijan Mugheri ◽  
Muhammad Khan ◽  
Wasim Sarwar Bhatti ◽  
Abdul Majeed Soomro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Background: The drug resistance and pathogens are different in various Hospitals of any country. Very high resistance pattern is observed nowadays to the frequently used antibiotics. The important observation has been noted that most of the doctors do not obtain blood cultures before start of the antibiotics, which becomes competent source of resistance. For the same purpose, this study has been done to find out the responsible microbes causing ailment and their susceptibility towards antibiotics to plan early and effective management. Materials and Methods: A number of 100 new borns admitted in the NICU CMC Children Hospital Larkana with signs and symptoms of sepsis were included in this research work. The study will help in provision of a comprehensive record on microorganisms causing sepsis in the neonates and their antibiotic sensitivity. The epidemiology and presence of neonatal sepsis in particular area makes it more easy and convenient to implement the rationale of empirical antibiotic strategy. Results: From100 neonatal blood samples taken for culture, only 21 proved to be positive which stands 21%. In majority gram positive bacteria were found in (85.71%=18 cases) and gram negative bacteria stood (14.28%=3 cases).Staphylococcus species were found on the large scale (52.38%=11 cases) secondly Streptococcus species (33.33%=7 cases) and the remaining were Escherichia species being least common (14.28%=3 cases). Conclusion: Staphylococcus species provided major share as gram positive bacteria and Escherichia species were found to be major gram negative bacterial population responsible for neonatal sepsis. Profound resistance pattern is seen against widely used antibiotics. It is mandatory to have a routine check over the antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Prevalence of nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli and their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles in a tertiary care hospital of Eastern India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandira Sarkar ◽  
Jagadananda Jena ◽  
Dipti Pattnaik ◽  
Bandana Mallick
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Gram Negative

Background: Nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli (nonfermenters) have emerged as a major concern for nosocomial infections. They exhibit resistance not only to the beta-lactam and other group of antibiotics but also to carbapenems. This study was undertaken to know the prevalence of nonfermenters from clinical samples along with their antimicrobial susceptibility profile.Methods: A cross-sectional study over a period of 21 months in the microbiology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital was done. Clinical samples were processed by conventional bacteriological methods for isolation and identification. Susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute.Results: 411 nonfermenters (13.18%) were isolated from 3116 culture positive clinical samples. Out of these nonfermenters, most were Acinetobacter baumannii (51.34%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (42.09%), Burkholderia cepacia complex (4.38%) and others (2.19%). Others included Burkholderia pseudomellei, Acinetobacter lwoffii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Highest sensitivity to gentamicin and amikacin were shown by A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa respectively while both were mostly resistant to ceftriaxone. Burkholderia and Stenotrophomonas species showed 100% sensitivity to cotrimoxazole. A. baumannii was the most prevalent nonfermenter in intensive care units.Conclusions: Timely identification of nonfermenters and monitoring their susceptibility patterns will help in proper management of infections caused by them. Improved antibiotic stewardship and infection control measures should be implemented to prevent nosocomial infections and spread of drug resistant nonfermenters.

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