scholarly journals Psychiatric Co-Morbidity and Substance Use Correlated with Medication Adherence Among People Living with HIV (PLWHIV) Attending the Virology Clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkporbu A. K ◽  
Ayodeji O.A
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
The University ◽  
Living With Hiv

HIV infection is an endemic communicable chronic disease, of enormous public health concern worldwide particularly, Sub-Saharan African. Substance use and associated psychiatric co-morbidity among the sufferers may affect medication adherence. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the effect of psychiatric comorbidity and substance use on medication adherence among people living with HIV at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 230 Subjects Living with HIV. Sociodemographic questionnaire was used. A structured questionnaire was used to assess use of psychoactive substances. Psychiatric co-morbidity was assessed using the GHQ-12 in conjunction with the DSM 5. The Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) was used to assess medication adherence. Data was analysed using the SPSS version 20. The prevalence of psychological co-morbidity among PLWHIV was 30.6%. Alcohol use disorders was the highest with 73 (31.7%), followed by cigarette smoking 38 (16.5%) while nicotine snuffing was the least with 1 (0.4%). Of the 43 (18.7%) with poor medication adherence, 31 (15.2%) had psychiatric co-morbidity, 26 (11.3%) had substance use, 25 (10.8%) had both psychiatric and substance use co-morbidity while 19 (8.2%) had none (p=0.004). Psychological co-morbidity and substance use are prevalent among PLWHIV, and may affect medication adherence.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Pattern of Mental Illness among School Age Children Seen at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital: A Six Year Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. K. Nkporbu ◽  
B. A. Alex-Hart
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
The University

Background: A sound mental health in school age children is critical for good academic achievements and a better transition from childhood to adulthood. The increasing prevalence of mental illness in school age children, especially the adolescents, is of great public health concern globally. Aim: The aim of this study therefore was to determine the prevalence and pattern of mental health disorders among school age children seen at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH). Methodology: Consent for the study was obtained from the research ethical committee of the hospital. Medical case notes of all patients aged 5 years to 18 years seen in the clinic by Consultant Child and adolescent Psychiatrists from 2015 to 2019 were retrieved and thoroughly reviewed. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 20 statistical package and results presented using descriptive and analytical methods. Results: Out of 7,856 patients seen in the Neuropsychiatry Clinic within the period under review, 408 (5.2%) were children aged between 5 to 18 years. Male was higher with 232 (56.9%). The most prevalent mental illnesses were anxiety disorders, 58 (14.2%), depressive illnesses 46 (11.3%), schizophrenic illness 44 (10.8%), mental and behavioural abnormality secondary to substance abuse (MABD) 43 (10.5%), bipolar affective disorders 37 (9.1%), while conversion disorders was the least with 3 (0.7%). Conclusion: Mental disorders are common among school age children seen in UPTH and often impair the emotional wellbeing of this population. A detailed and well worked out plan of management is needed to provide optimal mental health services to children and adolescents. Well-coordinated mental health services should be inculcated into the School Health Programme in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Medication compliance in schizophrenic out patients with psychoactive substance use co-morbidity: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Saurabh Ahlawat ◽  
Vikrant Aggarwal ◽  
Rakesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Medication Compliance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Background: Medication adherence is an important issue in the treatment and management of persons with psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. Apart from side effects and inefficient outcomes of psychiatric medications, substance abuse also complicates the adherence pattern to the prescribed medications. Present study was designed to estimate the magnitude of medication non-adherence and its correlates in patients with schizophrenia having co-morbid psychoactive substance use.Method: The 60 schizophrenic patients with active substance use were taken from OPD of institute of mental health and hospital, Agra. Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), alcohol, smoking and substance involvement screening test (ASSIST), medication adherence rating scale (MARS) and Morisky 8-item medication adherence questionnaire (MMAQ-8) were used to gather relevant clinical data along with a proforma for recording socio-demographic characteristics.Results: The results revealed an alarming level of medication adherence. The 91.7% sample (55 patients) met the criteria for medication non-adherence. Majority of the patients were using alcohol (58.3%) and cannabis (51.7%). Conclusions: Given the high rate of medication non-compliance it is suggested that specific intervention aimed at compliance to prescribed medication is needed in this population.

Substance Use and Motivational Interviewing

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu yi Lin ◽  
Linda R. Frank ◽  
Antoine Douaihy
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

People living with HIV (PLWH) who use drugs and alcohol are particularly likely to experience gaps across the HIV care continuum. People with co-occurring HIV and a substance use disorder face significant challenges in treatment. Substance use is well-known to be linked to important health behaviors and outcomes including adherence to antiretroviral and treatment, immunosuppression, and sexual risk behaviors. This chapter provides a review of the impact of substance use in PLWH and the role of motivational interviewing as part of an integrated approach to care of PLWH with co-occurring substance use disorders. The chapter concludes with a case example to illustrate the role that motivational interviewing can play the care of PLWH with a co-morbidity of substance use disorder.

scholarly journals Substance Use Among Older People Living With HIV: Challenges for Health Care Providers

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry Deren ◽  
Tara Cortes ◽  
Victoria Vaughan Dickson ◽  
Vincent Guilamo-Ramos ◽  
Benjamin H. Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Older People ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals Substance use, Unlike Dolutegravir, is Associated with Mood Symptoms in People Living with HIV

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Van de Wijer ◽  
Wouter van der Heijden ◽  
Mike van Verseveld ◽  
Mihai Netea ◽  
Quirijn de Mast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Self Report ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Side Effects

AbstractContradictory data have been reported concerning neuropsychiatric side effects of the first-line antiretroviral drug dolutegravir, which may be partly due to lack of control groups or psychiatric assessment tools. Using validated self-report questionnaires, we compared mood and anxiety (DASS-42), impulsivity (BIS-11), and substance use (MATE-Q) between dolutegravir-treated and dolutegravir-naive people living with HIV (PLHIV). We analyzed 194, mostly male, PLHIV on long-term treatment of whom 82/194 (42.3%) used dolutegravir for a median (IQR) of 280 (258) days. Overall, 51/194 (26.3%) participants reported DASS-42 scores above the normal cut-off, 27/194 (13.5%) were classified as highly impulsive, and 58/194 (29.9%) regularly used recreational drugs. Regular substance use was positively associated with depression (p = 0.012) and stress scores (p = 0.045). We observed no differences between dolutegravir-treated and dolutegravir-naive PLHIV. Our data show that depressed and anxious moods and impulsivity are common in PLHIV and associate with substance use and not with dolutegravir use.

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