scholarly journals Mitigation of osmotic stress by Serratia nematodiphila in tomato seedlings

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e6109108694
Author(s):  
Tiandra Silva Carvalho ◽  
Ana Carla Pinheiro Lima
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Tomato Seeds ◽  
The One ◽  
Irrigation Levels

Agriculture is the main economic activity responsible for the highest rates of water consumption worldwide. Understanding strategies that combine decreasing the amount of water available and reducing the addition of chemical fertilizers is a major challenge today. Within this context, the work aimed to evaluate the efficiency in promoting growth in tomato seedlings, inoculated with Serratia nematodiphila, submitted to different water deficit conditions. The methodology consisted of using tomato seeds cv. Santa Clara Miss Brasil previously disinfected and inoculated with the Serratia nematodiphila bacterium. The experimental design was completely randomized in the factorial scheme 2 (with bacteria and without bacteria) x 3 (irrigation levels: 100%, 50% and 25% water), making a total of 6 treatments with 6 repetitions. When evaluating the effect of the bacteria Serratia nematodiphila in the treatment with irrigation to 25% of water, it was observed that the average values ​​of the root length of the tomato seedlings was the one that suffered the most stimulus in the root growth when compared to the other irrigation levels. These results suggest that under conditions of greater water deficit the bacteria is able to mitigate drought by promoting root growth.

THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF OPERATING ASSETS MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISES

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olexandr Yemelyanov ◽  
◽  
Tetyana Petrushka ◽  
Anatolii Havryliak ◽  
Ostap Ivanchyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
Current State ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Model Of Management ◽  
The One ◽  
Assets Management

The efficiency of economic activity of enterprises largely depends on the proper management of their assets. Whereas, an important type of assets of enterprises is its operating wealth, which serves the processes of production and marketing of products of economic entities. This is a complex process of circulation of operating assets, during which transformation from one species to another is being carried out. The course of such a process may involve different amounts of demand for current assets for a certain volume of production and sales. In other words, these assets are characterized by a certain level of flexibility and the main task of managing them is to establish their rational value. This value should ensure, on the one hand, the continuity of the production process at the enterprise and the timeliness of receipt of funds from the sale of products, and, on the other hand, the absence of excess inventories and other types of operating assets. The solution of this problem requires the introduction of an effective mechanism for managing its current assets. Considering this, the purpose of this article is to develop theoretical principles for managing operating assets of enterprises. It has been shown that the process of such management should be based on the system, created at the enterprises of information support of this process. Under this system is proposed to understand a set of information arrays and formalized algorithms for its processing, with which it is possible to assess the current state of use of operating assets of the company and develop a set of measures aimed at structuring and optimizing its volume. The basic requirements to designing of system of information maintenance of management of operating assets of the enterprises have been presented. The required information for the management of operating assets has been grouped. The areas grouping of operating assets management of the enterprise depending on the stages of its circulation has been carried out. The model of management of debts receivable of the enterprises has been specified. The use of the developed theoretical principles of operating assets management of enterprises in the practice of their activities increases financial results by streamlining the volume and structure of current assets of economic entities.

RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE CUSTOMS POLICY MECHANISM

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
V.N. Glaz ◽  
◽  
V.I. Berezhnoy ◽  
T.G. Martseva ◽  
E.V. Berezhnaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
State Control ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
The One

The mechanism of public policy in the regulation of public relations is built on the skillful combination of prohibitions of restrictions on the one hand, and laxity and opportunities on the other. But weakening state control may increase the level of risk to relationships. This is most clearly evident in international economic relations, where not only individual States that assume responsibility by becoming parties to conventions, agreements and treaties, but also individuals and entities that do not always support the policy of the State in the practice of implementing signed contracts, are parties. Russia pays special attention to a reasonable combination of the country’s economic interests and common interests within the framework of integration associations. The Russian customs authorities, represented by the Federal Customs Service, are one of the agents of state policy in this regard. The purpose of the activity is not only to administer the revenues from foreign economic activity to the budget, but also to protect the economic interests of the state, the participants of the foreign economic activity, professional intermediaries and individual consumers. Therefore, the development of a comprehensive policy of monitoring and assessment of customs risks will reduce the efforts of customs authorities to prevent possible offenses, and thus protect the interests of participants in foreign trade at any level.

Tourist tax to promote rentals of low-emission vehicles

2020 ◽  
pp. 135481662094650
Author(s):  
Emilio Gómez-Déniz ◽  
José Boza-Chirino ◽  
Nancy Dávila-Cárdenes
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Statistical Decision Theory ◽  
Rental Sector ◽  
Statistical Decision ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Car Rental ◽  
Sharp Growth ◽  
The One

In the Canary Islands (Spain), the tourism boom has been paralleled by sharp growth in the car rental sector. However, this economic activity is associated with problems such as rising levels of vehicle emissions. In this article, we discuss, on the one hand, the introduction of a tax to internalise the costs of emissions from car rental fleets and, on the other, the measures to reward users who rent environmentally-friendly cars. For this purpose, we propose a model based on statistical decision theory, from which a Bayesian rule is derived. According to this model, the tax increases with the number of days the car is rented but decreases in line with the environmental efficiency of the vehicle. A data sample of visitors to the Canary Islands is used to compare the covariates involved in computing the number of car rental days and the corresponding tax payable.

scholarly journals УЧЕТНАЯ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩАЯ ФИНАНСОВЫХ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ПИТАНИЯ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kazhmukhametova ◽  
G. Tussibayeva ◽  
B. Akimova ◽  
А.А. Кажмухаметова ◽  
Г.С. Тусибаева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
The Other ◽  
Disclosure Of Information ◽  
New Type ◽  
Public Catering ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost

Properly organized operational and accounting records are essential for controlling the formation of financial results. The article reveals a feature of the economic activity of public catering enterprises, which determines the features of accounting. On the one hand, it is intended to reflect the processes of production (cooking), and on the other - the processes of trade (sales). The costs associated with the sale of products and promotion of products on the market, both industrial and commercial enterprises are defined as the cost of circulation. The paper focuses on the classification and accounting of income and expenses in the field of nutrition. Attention is paid to a relatively new type of service as catering, which has been gaining momentum in recent years. The issue of synthetic and analytical accounting of financial results and disclosure of information in financial statements is discussed. Based on the results of the study, the authors recommended reasonable measures to increase profitability and improve accounting for financial results. Важное значение в контроле за формированием финансовых результатов имеет правильно организованный на предприятии их оперативный и бухгалтерский учет. В статье раскрыта особенность хозяйственной деятельности предприятий общественного питания, которая определяет особенности ведения бухгалтерского учета. С одной стороны, он призван отражать процессы производства (приготовление пищи), а с другой - процессы торговли (реализации). Расходы, связанные с реализацией продукции и продвижением на рынке произведенной продукции, и у промышленных, и у торговых предприятий определяют как издержки обращения. В работе акцентировано внимание на классификации, учете доходов и расходов в сфере питания. Уделено внимание сравнительно новому вид услуг как кейтеринг, который в последние годы набирает обороты. Обсужден вопрос синтетического и аналитического учета финансовых результатов, раскрытия информации в финансовй отчетности. По результатам исследования авторами рекомендованы обоснованные мероприятия по повышению доходност и совершенствованию учета финансовых результатов.

scholarly journals Two perils of binary categorization: Why the study of concepts can’t afford true/false testing

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Jensen ◽  
Drew Altschul
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Concept Learning ◽  
Learning Rule ◽  
Classification Algorithm ◽  
The Other ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Opinion Piece ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
True False

In this opinion piece, we outline two shortcomings in experimental design that limit the claims that can be made about concept learning in animals. On the one hand, most studies of concept learning train too few concepts in parallel to support general claims about their capacity of subsequent abstraction. On the other hand, even studies that train many categories of stimulus in parallel only test one or two stimuli at a time, allowing even a simplistic learning rule to succeed by making informed guesses. To demonstrate these shortcomings, we include simulations performed using an off-the-shelf image classifier. These simulations demonstrate that, when either training or testing are overly simplistic, a classification algorithm that is incapable of abstraction nevertheless yields levels of performance that have been described in the literature as proof of concept learning in animals.

scholarly journals Passiflora edulis Growth Under Different Water Regimes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Layanara Oliveira Faria ◽  
Ane Gabriele Vaz Souza ◽  
Fernanda Pires de Alvarenga ◽  
Frederico da Costa Mendes Silva ◽  
Jaime Santos do Rego Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Transparent Plastic ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Stomatal Sensitivity

The present study aimed to evaluate the initial growth of Passiflora edulis plants under water deficit and inundation. The work was carried out in a greenhouse covered with transparent plastic in pots with a capacity of five liters and filled with 5 kg of substrate composed of oxisol, sand and cattle manure in the proportion of 3:1:1, respectively. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with seven treatments and five repetitions; 30 days after emergence, the plants were irrigated with water equivalent to 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, 125%, 150% and 175% of the pot capacity and the analyzes were performed on the 52nd day. The P. edulis plants under limitation and excess water showed high stomatal sensitivity to reduce the water. In addition, under water deficit, the plants showed bigger root growth to maximize water absorption from the soil, but in both stresses the plants demonstrated reduced vegetative growth, that implies retarded establishment, thus, demonstrating an average susceptibility to water deficit and inundation.

scholarly journals Typology of Medium-Sized Cities in Spain Using PCA (Principal Component Analysis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2456
Author(s):  
Francisco Cebrián-Abellán ◽  
María-Jesús González-González ◽  
María-Eva Vallejo-Pascual
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Sources

This article analyses processes of change undergone by Spanish medium-sized cities during 1981–2011 on the one hand, and 2000–2018 on the other, as they are different sources. We established a classification to show the importance of this type of city starting from the hypothesis that the process is a generalised one in which they behave according to their position in the territory. The dynamics of change are predominantly associated with contexts of economic expansion. The typology was generated based on population and housing variables, which synthesise the role played by economic activity in each city. Additional methodologies were used: firstly, the bibliography on medium-sized cities in different social and cultural contexts was reviewed; secondly, statistical data were selected, compiled and processed using multivariant statistical analyses, and the results mapped. A study of 133 cities was carried out and absolute values and variation rates used to understand the processes of change. As a result, seven representative groups were obtained. The conclusions of the study can be corroborated by different sources.

scholarly journals Two perils of binary categorization: Why the study of concepts can’t afford true/false testing

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Jensen ◽  
Drew Altschul
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Concept Learning ◽  
Learning Rule ◽  
Classification Algorithm ◽  
The Other ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Opinion Piece ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
True False

In this opinion piece, we outline two shortcomings in experimental design that limit the claims that can be made about concept learning in animals. On the one hand, most studies of concept learning train too few concepts in parallel to support general claims about their capacity of subsequent abstraction. On the other hand, even studies that train many categories of stimulus in parallel only test one or two stimuli at a time, allowing even a simplistic learning rule to succeed by making informed guesses. To demonstrate these shortcomings, we include simulations performed using an off-the-shelf image classifier. These simulations demonstrate that, when either training or testing are overly simplistic, a classification algorithm that is incapable of abstraction nevertheless yields levels of performance that have been described in the literature as proof of concept learning in animals.

The Role of Clusters in the Modern Economy: Evidence from Abroad

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (5) ◽  
pp. 85-101
Author(s):  
Alla Rassadina
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Supportive Services ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
The One

The existing interest of researchers in clusters is based on the interdependence between clusters development on the one hand and the acceleration of innovation activity and growing competitiveness on the other. As systems of regional economic activity and innovations, clusters are developing due to the advantage of proximity, shared markets of specialized labor force, knowledge creation and transfer, network of supportive services together with a complex framework of social interaction, producing as a result a profound synergetic effect. The article examines the peculiarities of emergence and development of innovative clusters in advanced economies as well as specific features underlying their competitiveness. Such analysis seems to be of great importance taking into consideration the development of Russian clusters’ innovative component.

The Organizacional Management as Instrument to Overcome the Resistance to the Innovative Process

2012 ◽  
pp. 223-238
Author(s):  
Zamira Acosta ◽  
Jaime Febles
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Organizational Management ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Decision Criteria ◽  
Innovative Process ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The One

Changes in economic activity on a global scale affect organizations due to modifications on their decision criteria, but also for the permanent character of the change. This situation implies an increase of the competition and also the appearance of new markets and opportunities. On the other hand the innovation not only offers major possibilities to guarantee the organization’s survival but also it allows to increase their competitive capacity; even turning into a generating element of the change and vice versa. But it will be the organization that inserts appropriately the above mentioned innovation, or that uses it better, the one that will be more competitive. The management of the organizational change, in this sense, turns into an influential factor in the creation of future and in the promotion of the available possibilities. This paper analyzes organizational management more adapted to the innovative processes of the Canary companies, as well as the underlying differences in the types of compared enterprises.

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