scholarly journals Snorkel technology to reduce sea lice infestations: efficacy depends on salinity at the farm site, but snorkels have minimal effects on salmon production and welfare

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 445-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Oppedal ◽  
S Bui ◽  
LH Stien ◽  
K Overton ◽  
T Dempster
Keyword(s):  
Sea Lice ◽  
Salmon Production ◽  
Lice Infestations

Fish Farms and Sea Lice Infestations of Wild Juvenile Salmon in the Broughton Archipelago—A Rebuttal to

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Krkošek ◽  
Mark A. Lewis ◽  
John P. Volpe ◽  
Alexandra Morton
Keyword(s):  
Sea Lice ◽  
Juvenile Salmon ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Lice Infestations

Aspects of the biology of the parasitic copepods Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus elongatus on farmed salmonids, and their treatment

1982 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wootten ◽  
John W. Smith ◽  
E. A. Needham
Keyword(s):  
Generation Time ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Sea Lice ◽  
Lepeophtheirus Salmonis ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Parasitic Copepods ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Great Damage ◽  
Lice Infestations

SynopsisThe general biology and pathology of Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus elongatus and the prevention and treatment of such ‘sea-lice’ infestations on farmed salmonids are described from the literature and original observations. The life-cycle of L. salmonis and probably also that of C. elongatus comprises the egg and 10 stages separated by moults, namely, two nauplius, one infective copepodite, four chalimus, two pre-adult and the adult (male and female) stages. Water temperature greatly affects the rate of development, especially for early larval stages. Heavy infestations of wild fish seem rare, and lice are lost fairly rapidly in freshwater. In Scotland at least L. salmonis shows a succession of generations on farmed salmonids; generation time is about six weeks at 9–12 C. Post-chalimus stages of C. elongatus may exchange between farmed salmonids and wild fish (especially gadoids). Epizootics (particularly with L. salmonis) cause great damage to salmonids in Norwegian and Scottish farms largely through feeding on host skin. The dermis is oedematous and haemorrhaged where lice feed, and blood seeps between scales; deaths probably result from osmoregulatory failure. Whilst prevention of infestation is difficult, a bath treatment for 1 h with 1 ppm of the organophosphorus compound Dichlorvos is effective against post-chalimus stages of L. salmonis on caged salmonids. Side effects are minimal and clearance rates from fish tissues satisfactory, but treatment may be required every 3–4 weeks.

Sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) infestations and the productivity of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) in the Broughton Archipelago, British Columbia, Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Krkošek ◽  
Ray Hilborn
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Sea Lice ◽  
Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽  
Lepeophtheirus Salmonis ◽  
Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽  
Lice Infestations

The spread of salmon lice ( Lepeophtheirus salmonis ) from salmon farms may threaten some wild salmon populations. Infestations of wild juvenile pink salmon ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha ) have been associated with high mortality and population decline. Using stock–recruit data for pink salmon from the central coast of British Columbia, we analyzed how fishing mortality and spatial covariation combine with louse infestation to affect pink salmon population dynamics. The results indicate substantial coherence in survival at nested spatial scales — large-scale regional covariation and smaller scale covariation within management areas. Populations exposed to salmon farms (those from the Broughton Archipelago) show a sharp decline in productivity during sea lice infestations relative to pre-infestation years. Unexposed populations (comprising four management areas) did not experience a change in productivity during infestation years and had similar productivity to exposed populations before infestations. Our results suggest that sea lice infestations may result in declines of pink salmon populations and that management and policy of salmon farms should consider protecting wild juvenile salmon from exposure to sea lice.

scholarly journals Prevention not cure: a review of methods to avoid sea lice infestations in salmon aquaculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 2527-2543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke T. Barrett ◽  
Frode Oppedal ◽  
Nick Robinson ◽  
Tim Dempster
Keyword(s):  
Sea Lice ◽  
Salmon Aquaculture ◽  
Lice Infestations

scholarly journals Vaccination with Ectoparasite Proteins Involved in Midgut Function and Blood Digestion Reduces Salmon Louse Infestations

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinela Contreras ◽  
Marius Karlsen ◽  
Margarita Villar ◽  
Rolf Olsen ◽  
Lisa Leknes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Sea Lice ◽  
Salmon Louse ◽  
Blood Digestion ◽  
Protective Antigens ◽  
Salmon Lice ◽  
Tick Vaccine ◽  
European Aquaculture ◽  
Lice Infestations

Infestation with the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda, Caligidae) affects Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) production in European aquaculture. Furthermore, high levels of salmon lice in farms significantly increase challenge pressure against wild salmon populations. Currently, available control methods for salmon louse have limitations, and vaccination appears as an attractive, environmentally sound strategy. In this study, we addressed one of the main limitations for vaccine development, the identification of candidate protective antigens. Based on recent advances in tick vaccine research, herein, we targeted the salmon louse midgut function and blood digestion for the identification of candidate target proteins for the control of ectoparasite infestations. The results of this translational approach resulted in the identification and subsequent evaluation of the new candidate protective antigens, putative Toll-like receptor 6 (P30), and potassium chloride, and amino acid transporter (P33). Vaccination with these antigens provided protection in Atlantic salmon by reducing adult female (P33) or chalimus II (P30) sea lice infestations. These results support the development of vaccines for the control of sea lice infestations.

Current practices in the chemotherapeutic control of sea lice infestations in aquaculture: a review

1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ROTH ◽  
R. H. RICHARDS ◽  
C. SOMMERVILLE
Keyword(s):  
Sea Lice ◽  
Lice Infestations ◽  
Current Practices

scholarly journals Sea lice infestations on juvenile chum and pink salmon in the Broughton Archipelago, Canada, from 2003 to 2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Patanasatienkul ◽  
J Sanchez ◽  
EE Rees ◽  
M Krkošek ◽  
SRM Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Sea Lice ◽  
Lice Infestations
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