Strategic planning in grassland farming: Principles andapplications

Author(s):  
W.J. Parker ◽  
N.M. Shadbolt ◽  
D.I. Gray

Three levels of planning can be distinguished in grassland farming: strategic, tactical and operational. The purpose of strategic planning is to achieve a sustainable long-term fit of the farm business with its physical, social and financial environment. In pastoral farming, this essentially means developing plans that maximise and best match pasture growth with animal demand, while generating sufficient income to maintain or enhance farm resources and improvements, and attain personal and financial goals. Strategic plans relate to the whole farm business and are focused on the means to achieve future needs. They should be routinely (at least annually) reviewed and monitored for effectiveness through key performance indicators (e.g., Economic Farm Surplus) that enable progress toward goals to be measured in a timely and cost-effective manner. Failure to link strategy with control is likely to result in unfulfilled plans. Keywords: management, performance

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 682-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Nelson

Manually designing harvest units for strategic planning is expensive. This paper compares blocking methods based on forest-cover polygons and manually designed harvest units. Routines are used to split and aggregate polygons into three block size distributions: (i) uniform 40-ha blocks; (ii) uniform 120-ha blocks; and (iii) by area, one-third 20 ha, one-third 60 ha, and one-third 150 ha. Three harvest rules that influence adjacency and the cutting of polygons within a block are applied to each block size distribution to compare forecasts generated by forest-cover and operational blocks. Generally, volume flows from the two methods deviate by less than 5%, and the highest deviations usually occur during the first 20 years. Projected landscape structure, as measured by interior forest area, is also similar under the two blocking methods. The results indicate that forest-cover data provide a reasonable alternative to manual blocking in tactical and strategic plans. This is significant because it removes an important barrier to timely and cost-effective planning, especially for large geographic problems where manual blocking is not an option.


Author(s):  
Tony Bates

This chapter is a case study of how a polytechnic developed a strategic plan for e-learning. It describes the institution’s rationale for moving more strongly into e-learning, the processes followed by the institution to develop a plan and ensure its acceptance through the institutional community, and the factors that facilitated the process. It indicates that attention to objectives, core values and principles, and faculty development and training, are critical for the successful transition from mainly face-to-face teaching to e-learning. The development of key performance indicators will allow the success of the plan to be measured in 2010.


Author(s):  
Zane L. Berge ◽  
Donna L. Smith

As businesses expand to become more globally competitive, their needs grow to train geographically dispersed employees in a cost- effective manner. What must businesses do to implement distance education? An important role of the training and performance specialists in business is to help management solve complex problems within an organization. Still, distance education is usually not accomplished by a single group within an organization, nor through a single process. To change the way training is done, performance managers must use what is known about change management, strategic planning and project management in order to successfully implement technology-enhanced learning globally. One of the methods being used increasingly in the workplace is distance training.


Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2507
Author(s):  
Sou-Sen Leu ◽  
Tao-Ming Ying

After the long-term operation of reservoir facilities, they will become nonoperational due to the material deterioration and the performance degradation. One of crucial decisions is to determine the maintenance or replacement of the facilities in a cost-effective manner. Conventional replacement models seldom consider the maintenance effect. The facilities after maintenance are generally not as good as new, but are relatively restored. The target of this study is to establish a replacement decision model of the reservoir facilities under imperfect maintenance. By combining the theories of reliability analysis, imperfect maintenance, and engineering economics, the best timing of replacement that achieves cost-effectiveness is analyzed and proposed. Lastly, based on the design of experiments (DOE) and simulation, the regression curve chart for the economical replacement decision is established. Once the failure rate, the age of recovery after maintenance, and the ratio of maintenance cost to replacement cost are estimated based on historical data, the cost-effective replacement time of hydraulic machinery facilities will be efficiently determined.


2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-373
Author(s):  
P Ravindra ◽  
J Voss ◽  
S Hall ◽  
RJ Stanford ◽  
SD Scriven ◽  
...  

Objective: Patients at our institution with asymptomatic calyceal stones (<11 mm) are discharged to their GPs with a request for 12- and 24-month X-ray KUBs with specific re-referral criteria. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of this shared care protocol as well as to investigate long-term outcomes. Patients and methods: All patients satisfying the above criteria discharged during October 2009–June 2011 were reviewed for protocol compliance, symptomatic events and/or surgical intervention up to July 2015. Results: A total of 134 patients were identified. Out of 115 patients eligible for their first X-ray, and 100 patients eligible for their second X-ray, 43% and 26% respectively were performed. Of these, 75% demonstrated no progression. No patients were treated surgically solely on the basis of radiographic progression. Over a mean five-year follow-up, patients had a 39% chance of experiencing a symptomatic event and a 24% chance of requiring surgical intervention (ESWL, ureteroscopy and/or PCNL). Risk factors included a previous stone history and having a total stone size >10 mm. Conclusion: There was poor adherence to this protocol. Despite this, only symptomatic patients were treated surgically, challenging the value of indefinite surveillance of asymptomatic patients. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine a cost-effective manner in which these patients can be safely followed up.


2019 ◽  
Vol 190 (11) ◽  
pp. 92-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Евгений Стовба ◽  
Evgeniy Stovba ◽  
Миляуша Лукьянова ◽  
Milyausha Luk'yanova ◽  
Виталий Ковшов ◽  
...  

Abstract. The article actualizes the need of foresight technologies in the sustainable development of strategic plans of sustainable development in rural municipalities at the level of the Russian Federation. It is pointed out that the modern methodology of foresight studies is quite flexible and multifaceted, has wide application at different hierarchical levels of management. The purpose of the study is to prove the need to use the foresight methodologies for rural development strategic planning and forecasting tool. In the course of the study, the following methods were used: strategic planning and forecasting, foresight technologies (expert survey and expert opinions), comparative analysis. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the formation of a set of practical recommendations on the use of foresight tools at the municipal level of management in rural areas. The systematic approach usage in combination with foresight technologies allows to develop strategic plans for the development in rural areas from the perspective of long-term improvement of their economic and social component. A brief analysis of the current state and development of foresight research in the Russian Federation is presented. It is concluded that in modern conditions of rural development it is necessary to develop strategic programs and anti-crisis measures that should focus on the application of the foresight technologies. It shows that the characteristic features of the rural municipal foresight are, on the one hand, the obligatory interconnection of strategic priorities for rural areas development in the long term and, on the other hand, the need to achieve the interest of key factors in regional development. Results of a research: the algorithm of strategic planning of sustainable development of rural areas of the region based on foresight technologies and the mechanism for its implementation at the municipal level are considered; strategic goals and priority areas for sustainable development of rural areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the sub-regional context were defined. On the basis of the foresight analysis, a three-level branding of agri-food products manufactured in the region was carried out, and brands within the considered rural municipalities were identified. It is concluded that foresight technologies should be used as the system tool for the formation and implementation of sustainable development strategy in rural areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan.


Author(s):  
Zane L. Berge ◽  
Donna L. Smith

As businesses expand to become more globally competitive, their needs grow to train geographically dispersed employees in a cost- effective manner. What must businesses do to implement distance education? An important role of the training and performance specialists in business is to help management solve complex problems within an organization. Still, distance education is usually not accomplished by a single group within an organization, nor through a single process. To change the way training is done, performance managers must use what is known about change management, strategic planning and project management in order to successfully implement technology-enhanced learning globally. One of the methods being used increasingly in the workplace is distance training.


2014 ◽  
Vol 573 ◽  
pp. 593-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sukanesh ◽  
A. Kanmani

In this period of prevalence of Cloud Computing, SaaS, Virtualization and Software renting, what would be the magnitude of their impact in the field of education? As an academician, one can visualize a lot of benefits in a variety of ways, if the benefits offered by these concepts are exploited in a productive and cost effective manner. When the gap of availability of knowledge and guidance, among rural students is bridged, the results are bound to be tremendously exciting. Since this research is about spreading knowledge, targeting the rural population, the aim is to concentrate on renting software free of cost. This research takes cognizance of the fact; the evolution in the field of virtualization of hardware and software; sets out to explore, how the technologies be successfully married to education, for the empowerment of the poor and rich alike. This paper therefore analyzes the current advancement in virtualization, various aspects of SaaS and Software renting in detail and suggests that the best way is to take the cautious approach, at every step to adopt these technologies/concepts. This also suggests starting small and scaling up the entire adoption after performing the due diligence of long term impacts, gives the best results. Sticking to the same principle, a real time environment of sample education institutions under one umbrella is considered for this study in a relatively rural setup.


1986 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Cook ◽  
Rita M. Cohen

Over a threx-year period, 54 health professionals at tended three two-day workshops designed to improve diabetes patient education programs, par ticularly program manage ment and evaluation of skills. A commitment-to- change strategy was used to determine the long-term effectiveness of the workshops. Fifty-nine per cent overall of the com mitments to change were reported as attained in the six-month follow-up surveys. The evidence suggests not only that the workshops were suc cessful, but that measurable changes in participants' programs can be attained in a cost- effective manner.


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