scholarly journals Relationship between Athletes’ Values and Moral Disengagement in Sport, and Differences Across Gender, Level and Years of Involvement

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulius Šukys ◽  
Aušra Janina Jansonienė
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
National Level ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Moral Behavior ◽  
International Level ◽  
Gender And Sports ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
University Athletes

Research  background  and  hypothesis.  The  research  focuses  on  university  athletes’  values  and  moral disengagement  in  sport.  Hypothetically  moral  and  competence  values  would  negatively  correlate  with  moral disengagement in sport. Also, values in sport would differ across gender and sports mastery.Research aim was to examine the relationship between athletes’ values and moral disengagement in sport, and to determine the manifestation of athletes’ values and moral disengagement in sport by gender, sports mastery and sports experience.Research methods. The sample included 318 athletes recruited from Lithuanian universities. The participants completed the Youth Sport Value Questionnaire-2 (YSVQ-2; Lee et al., 2008) and the Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale-Short (MDSS-S; Boardley, Kavussanu, 2008).Research  results.  The  positive  correlation  between  values  in  sport  and  negative  correlation  between  moral values and moral disengagement in sport were established. Moral values were more important to females compared to males (p < 0.01). Competence values were more important to international level athletes compared to the national level athletes (p < 0.01). ANOVA indicated the differences of years of involvement in sport in dependence on moral values (p < 0.05) and competence values (p < 0.01). Discussion  and  conclusions.  Research  established  negative  correlation  between  moral  values  and  moral disengagement, but there were no correlations with status values. The study confirmed the hypothesis that female athletes’ scores on moral values would be higher comparing to those of male, but there were no differences comparing moral disengagement in sport. Athletes of higher levels of competition (international level athletes) scored higher on competence values. Research supported the hypothesis that athletes’ moral disengagement in sport would not differ across sport experience.Keywords: sport, athletes’ moral behavior, values in sport, moral disengagement in sport

scholarly journals Athletes’ Justification of Cheating in Sport: Relationship with Moral Disengagement in Sport and Personal Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (90) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulius Šukys
Keyword(s):  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Male Student ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sports Activities ◽  
University Athletes

Research background and hypothesis. The research focus is on university athletes’ justification of cheating in sport. We hypothesised that moral disengagement would be more linked to more favourable evaluations of cheating in sports activities among athletes. Secondly it was hypothesised that justification of cheating in sport would be linked to gender and, accordingly, it would not be associated with experience in sport. Research aim was to reveal the dependence of the athletes’ assessment of cheating in their sports activities and moral disengagement in sport considering their personal factorsResearch methods.  The sample  included  338 (246 male  and  92  female) athletes recruited from Lithuanian universities.The participants completed the Justification of Deception in Sport Scale  (Sukys, Nickus, 2010) and the Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale-Short (MDSS-S; Boardley, Kavussanu, 2008).Research  results.  The  regression  analyses  showed  that  gender  of  athletes  was  a  significant  predictor  for justification of cheating in sport (β  = 0.15, p < 0.01) as male student athletes more justified cheating in sport. Years of involvement in sport were not related with overall justification of cheating in sport. Moral disengagement in sport was a predictor for the overall justification of cheating in sport (β  = 0.35, p < 0.001).Discussion and conclusions. Our study revealed the relationship between moral disengagement in sport and athletes’ justification of cheating in sport. Analysing different forms of cheating it was found that moral disengagement in sport was a stronger predictor for the justification of such deceptive actions that are linked to athletes’ manipulation of the rules of the sports and manipulation with the results of the sports contest. It was established that male student athletes more justified cheating in sport. Research results did not reveal relationship between overall justifications of cheating by years of involvement in sport. However, the analysis of the justification of different forms of cheating showed that students with less sports experience more justified deceptive actions linked to the manipulation with the results of the sports contest, and, on the contrary, less justified other forms of cheating in sport.Keywords: sport, justifcation of cheating in sport, moral disengagement in sport.

Technology and the Development Debate: Limitations of NIEO Strategy

1981 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-341
Author(s):  
Thomas Baumgartner ◽  
Tom R. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Social Systems ◽  
National Level ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
International Level ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
The West ◽  
Institutional Frameworks ◽  
Central Factor ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
The Relationship

Technology has become the new central factor in the debate about development. The means to achieve development (which, it is assumed, must necessarily be in the image of a few industrialized countries, whether of the West or the East) is conceptualized simply as the transfer of technology, regardless of the certain mismatch between imported, culturally determined, technology and the historically given structural and institutional frameworks of the importing societies. On the international level, transferred technology tends to create dependency; on the national level, it leads to distortions and undesirable developments. This paper explicates the relationship between technology and social systems, and discusses its implications for development strategies.

scholarly journals The relationship between core stability and athletic performance in female university athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marizanne De Bruin ◽  
Derik Coetzee ◽  
Robert Schall
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Core Strength ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
University Athletes

Background: Questions remain as to whether core stability represents a single or more components, how to assess core stability, and if a relationship exists with athletic performance in different sport codes. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between core stability and athletic performance in female university athletes. Methods: Eighty-three female athletes (hockey, netball, running, soccer and tennis) participated in this quantitative, cross-sectional study. The isometric back extension (IBE), lateral flexion (LF) and abdominal flexion (AF) tests were used to measure core strength and endurance. The core stability grading system using a pressure biofeedback unit was applied to measure core neuromuscular control (NMC). Athletic performance was assessed using the 40 m sprint, T-test, vertical jump (VJ) and the medicine ball chest throw (MBCT). Correlations between the core stability tests and the athletic performance tests were determined, overall and separately by sport. The effect of core stability on athletic performance was analysed using ANCOVA. Results: Most correlations were weak (r=0.10–0.39), although a very strong correlation was found between LF (strength) and VJ (r=0.90). When considered separately, moderate correlations (r=0.40–0.69) were found between core strength, endurance and motor control with certain athletic performance tests in all five sport codes. In runners, strong correlations (r=0.70–0.89) occurred between AF (endurance) and VJ, and in tennis players between IBE (strength) and the sprint. Conclusion: Correlations were found between core stability and athletic performance, although most correlations were negligible or weak. Athletic performance in different sport codes is associated with different components of core stability.

The ACTN3 XX Genotype’s Underrepresentation in Japanese Elite Wrestlers

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Kikuchi ◽  
Dai Ueda ◽  
Seok-ki Min ◽  
Koichi Nakazato ◽  
Shoji Igawa
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
National Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
International Level ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Athletic Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose:To examine the relationship between ACTN3 polymorphisms and level of athletic performance in Japanese wrestlers.Methods:The control group consisted of 243 healthy Japanese individuals. The authors divided 135 wrestlers into 3 groups based on their results in national or international competitions. They classified as elite 24 wrestlers who had placed in the top 8 in a world championship or participated in Olympic games, 28 wrestlers who had participated in world championships or become champions in Japan’s national championships were classified as subelite, and 83 wrestlers were classified as national (N-W, ie, national-level wrestler). In addition, the authors combined the elite and subelite to form the classification international-level wrestlers (I-W).Results:The frequency of the null X allele and the XX genotype were significantly lower in the I-W group than in the control group. However, there was no significant difference in ACTN3 genotype or allele frequency between the N-W and control groups. The frequency of the ACTN3 XX genotype in the elite groups was lower than that of all groups, and a linear tendency was observed between ACTN3 XX genotype and athletic status.Conclusions:In conclusion, the data indicated that ACTN3 polymorphisms were related to athletic performance in Japanese wrestlers.

387 The moderating effect of emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between insomnia severity and bedtime procrastination

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A153-A154
Author(s):  
Huisu Jeon ◽  
Sonhye Jeoung ◽  
Goeun Kim ◽  
Hyeyoung An ◽  
Hyojin Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Active Regulation ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Bedtime Procrastination ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Introduction Bedtime Procrastination (BP) is defined as the behavior of going to bed later than intended, despite the absence of external factors. Bedtime procrastination is also prevalent among insomnia patients, and is associated with various sleep problems. Recent studies suggest emotional regulation as a mechanism of the procrastination behavior that is the conceptual foundation of bedtime procrastination. Emotional regulation difficulties are also associated with insomnia, but there is still a lack of research on the relationship between insomnia, emotional regulation strategies and bedtime procrastination. Thus, the study assumed that severity of insomnia would affect bedtime procrastination, and examined the moderating effect of the emotional regulation strategies in this relationship. Methods This study was conducted in 376 adults (mean age 23.73 ±2.14 years, 84.6% females). Participants were asked to answer Bedtime procrastination scale (BPS), an emotional regulation strategy checklist, and the Insomnia severity scale (ISI). Results As a result, a significant positive correlation was found between insomnia severity and bedtime procrastination (r=.286, p&lt;.01), and avoidant/distractive regulation style (r=.101, p&lt;.05). active regulation style (r=-.172, p&lt;.01) and support seeking regulation style (r=-.102, p&lt;.01) showed a significant negative correlation with the severity of insomnia. Bedtime procrastination behavior showed significant negative correlation only with active regulation style (r=-.151, p&lt;.01). Support seeking regulation style moderated the relationship between insomnia and bedtime procrastination behavior (B=.0165, 95%, CI=.0014, .0316). The interaction effect between insomnia and support seeking regulation style was also significant (∆R^2=.0112, p&lt;.05), indicating that the effect of insomnia on bedtime procrastination depends on the level of use of the support seeking regulation style. Conclusion These findings suggest that the level of support seeking regulation style is meaningful in terms of how insomnia affects bedtime procrastination. Support (if any) This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF-2018S1A5A8026807)

scholarly journals Blood pressure level and laboratory indicators of disease severity in patients with arterial hypertension and COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Popov ◽  
A Novitskiy ◽  
Y Shvarts
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Nonparametric Correlation ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background. Many patients with COVID-19 suffer from arterial hypertension and have marked variations in blood pressure (BP) during the acute period of infection. The reasons for such changes are poorly understood. Purpose. To assess the relationship between the level of BP and the severity of changes in the main clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with arterial hypertension and with a moderate course of COVID-19 at the stage of the height of the disease. Materials and methods. The study included 86 hospitalized patients with verified coronavirus disease of moderate severity: 46 of them were male, the median age was 65 years. Patients received adequate hypertension therapy for a long time. After hospitalization, treatment was adjusted if necessary. The level of laboratory parameters in the acute period of the disease was determined, including the electrolytes, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, ferritin, general blood test, etc. BP measured daily. The relationship between laboratory parameters and BP level was evaluated by nonparametric correlation using the Spearman coefficient and multivariate analysis based on the "generalized nonlinear model". Results. In 67.44% of patients with hypertension, an elevated BP level (&gt;140/90) was observed against the background of moderate COVID-19. There was a significant negative correlation between the levels of CRP and BP throughout the stay in the hospital, the most significant is the 5th day of hospitalization. At the same time, a slightly stronger relationship is observed with diastolic BP (r = -0.4425) than with systolic BP (r = -0.3525). A similar trend is observed in all BP measurements. Besides, a negative correlation was found between potassium levels and BP values. The strongest association of potassium levels is with systolic BP on the day of hospitalization (r = -0.4850) and diastolic pressure on the 1st day of hospitalization (r = -0.3561). Multivariate analysis confirmed independent and reliable "influence" of CRP (p = 0.00018) and potassium (p = 0.03921) as independent predictors of diastolic pressure. Conclusions. Most patients with hypertension and moderate COVID-19 have elevated BP levels. There is a statistically significant negative relationship between the values of BP and levels of CRP and potassium. The obtained data may correspond to the existing hypothesis about the significant role of the kinin–kallikrein system in the pathogenesis of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Investigating the Links between UK House Prices and Share Prices with Copulas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh K. Bissoondeeal ◽  
Leonidas Tsiaras
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
House Prices ◽  
National Level ◽  
Tail Dependence ◽  
Share Prices ◽  
Property Prices ◽  
Left Tail ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shared Characteristic

AbstractWe investigate the nonlinear links between the housing and stock markets in the UK using copulas. Our empirical analysis is conducted at both the national and regional levels. We also examine how closely London house prices are linked to those in other parts of the UK. We find that (i) the dependence between the different markets exhibits significant time-variation, (ii) at the national level, the relationship between house prices and the stock market is characterised by left tail dependence, i.e., they are more likely to crash, rather than boom, together, (iii) although left tail dependence with the stock market is a prominent feature of some regions, it is by no means a universally shared characteristic, (iv) the dependence between property prices in London and other parts of the UK displays widespread regional variations.

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