scholarly journals Impact of Single Bout of Physical Exercise on Adolescents’ Strength and Balance Abilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (96) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Kreivėnaitė ◽  
Vytautas Streckis ◽  
Sandra Raizgytė ◽  
Asta Lileikienė
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Body Balance ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Impact

Background. There is evidence of physical exercise effect on the adolescents’ balance and strength; however it is not known how aforementioned variables respond to physical exercise with different loads and intensities. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the impact of single bout of physical exercise of different intensity on adolescents’ body balance and muscular strength.Methods. Thirty healthy, physically active 11–13-year-old adolescents were randomly allocated to one of the two groups. Both groups performed single bout of physical exercise of high- or low-intensity climbing up and down-stairs. Postural sway and maximum voluntary contractions (MVC) were assessed before and after physical exercise. Results. No statistically significant impact of low or high intensity exercise was found at adolescents’ MVC. High intensity exercise influenced bigger postural sway with eyes closed compared to eyes open ( p < .05). After high-intensity exercise there was a significantly greater postural sway with eyes closed than with eyes open (p < .05). Conclusions. High and low intensity physical exercise had no impact on the adolescents’ maximum voluntary contraction, whereas high intensity exercise deteriorated body balance with eyes closed.Keywords:  adolescence, physical exercise, MVC, balance

Secondary malposition of a PICC-port due to heavy physical exercise: A case report

2021 ◽  
pp. 112972982110394
Author(s):  
Sonia D’Arrigo ◽  
Maria Giuseppina Annetta ◽  
Andrea Musarò ◽  
Mariagrazia Distefano ◽  
Mauro Pittiruti
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Central Venous Access ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Mechanical Complication ◽  
Secondary Migration ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Venous Access Device ◽  
The Impact

Physical exercise is often encouraged in cancer patients, mainly for the purpose of rehabilitation and for its psychological benefit. Some authors also suggest that exercise—specially in patient with peripherally inserted central venous access devices—may contribute to reduce the risk of catheter-related thrombosis. Still, the impact of physical exercise on the risk of device-related complications is not yet defined. We report a case of secondary migration of the tip of an arm port, caused by high-intensity exercise in a woman undergoing chemotherapy because of ovarian cancer. Tip migration was suspected because of malfunction (persistent withdrawal occlusion) and diagnosis established after ultrasound examination and chest x-ray. Even if exercise may yield benefit in the cancer patient on chemotherapy, the risk of mechanical complication of the venous access device—such as tip migration—should be considered in the case of high-intensity exercise.

scholarly journals The impact of obesity and age on the risk of falls in elderly women

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrycja Bobowik ◽  
Ida Wiszomirska
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Body Balance ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
Falls In Elderly

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of obesity and age on body balance disorders in women over 60, especially whether obesity increases the FR in older females and whether age and obesity affect the same stabilographic parameters when it comes to the FR. Methods: The study consisted of 56 inactive females aged 71.77 ± 7.43 (SD). They were divided into groups according to age and obesity. Results: Obesity separately affects FRI12-6, static indicators with eyes closed (OSI EC, APSI EC, MLSI EC), and age affects FRI12-6 and static indices with eyes open (OSI EO, APSI EO). After considering design factors (age and obesity), there were statistically significant differences in OSI EO (p = 0.027), APSI EO (p = 0.034), FRI12-6 (p = 0.0002) between obese and non-obese participants in the age groups. There were no statistical differences between non-obese old and obese-young participants (p = 0.863). The interaction between obesity and age in the FR in static indices and in FRI12-6 (p = 0.73047) was not significant. Conclusions: Age and obesity affect the stabilographic parameters individually, but there is no interaction effect between them. The presence of only one of the above risk factors may increase the FR. Obesity affects stability, while age depends on other factors. If older people are not obese or fit, involutional changes could be reversed. The type of obesity and the location of the fat tissue should be taken into account in FR assessment.

P3598Cardiac Cycle - The effect of exercise on cardiac troponin release

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Marshall ◽  
K Lee ◽  
F E Strachan ◽  
T Fujisawa ◽  
S Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Study Visit ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Low Intensity

Abstract Introduction International guidelines recommend the use of low concentrations of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin to risk stratify patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome, however, troponin concentration may also rise due to physical exercise. Interpreting cardiac troponin concentration in this context is challenging because the magnitude and duration of troponin elevation following physical exercise is uncertain. Purpose To determine the effect of intensity and duration of physical exercise on cardiac troponin concentration. Methods We invited 10 physically active healthy volunteers (7 male and 3 female; mean age: 34±7) to attend 3 study visits, during which they underwent exercise on a stationary bicycle at prespecified intensities and durations. The first visit involved low intensity cycling (50–60% of the participant's lactate threshold [LT]) for 60 minutes. During the second visit, participants cycled at high intensity (80–90% LT) for 60 minutes and during the third study visit, participants cycled at moderate intensity (60–70% LT) for 4 hours. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) concentration was measured at the start of exercise and every hour up to 6 hours during each study visit and subsequently at 1, 2 and 7 days after each exercise visit. Results Study participants had a median hs-cTnI concentration of 1.8 ng/L (interquartile range [IQR] 0.8–5.7 ng/L) at baseline. Cardiac troponin concentration was elevated following moderate- and high-intensity exercise (P=0.006 and P<0.001, respectively) but not following low-intensity exercise (P=0.137). Troponin concentrations were significantly higher following the shorter duration of high-intensity exercise (peak hs-cTnI concentration = 13 ng/L [IQR 6.5–27.1 ng/L]) compared to the longer duration moderate-intensity exercise (peak hs-cTnI concentration = 6.9 ng/L [2.9–7.9 ng/L]; P-value <0.001). Following both moderate- and high-intensity exercise, cardiac troponin concentration returned to baseline within 48 hours (Figure 1). Troponin concentrations ng/L / time Conclusions Our study suggests that elevation in cardiac troponin concentration is associated with the intensity rather than duration of physical exercise, and that exercise-induced troponin elevations resolve within 48 hours. These findings have important implications for the interpretation of cardiac troponin in the risk stratification and diagnosis of patients who present with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome following physical exercise. Acknowledgement/Funding British Heart Foundation

scholarly journals Therapist Characteristics and their Effect on Training Outcomes: What Counts?

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Branson ◽  
Roz Shafran
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Clinical Skill ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Therapist Characteristics ◽  
Training Outcomes ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

Background:Evidence exists for a relationship between individual characteristics and both job and training performance; however relationships may not be generalizable. Little is known about the impact of therapist characteristics on performance in postgraduate therapist training programmes.Aims:The aim of this study was to investigate associations between the grades of trainee Low-Intensity and High-Intensity cognitive behavioural therapists and individual characteristics.Method:Trainee Low-Intensity (n= 81) and High-Intensity (n= 59) therapists completed measures of personality and cognitive ability; demographic and course grade data for participants were collected.Results:Degree classification emerged as the only variable to be significantly associated with performance across assessments and courses. Higher undergraduate degree classifications were associated with superior academic and clinical performance. Agreeableness was the only dimension of personality to be associated (positively) with clinical skill. Age was weakly and negatively associated with performance.Conclusions:Relationships between individual characteristics and training outcomes are complex and may be context specific. These results could have important implications for the selection and development of therapists for Low or High-Intensity cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) training.

Phenylephrine decreases frontal lobe oxygenation at rest but not during moderately intense exercise

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 1472-1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrice Brassard ◽  
Thomas Seifert ◽  
Mads Wissenberg ◽  
Peter M. Jensen ◽  
Christian K. Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cerebral Metabolism ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Intense Exercise ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Low Intensity Exercise

Whether sympathetic activity influences cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygenation remains controversial. The influence of sympathetic activity on CBF and oxygenation was evaluated by the effect of phenylephrine on middle cerebral artery (MCA) mean flow velocity ( Vmean) and the near-infrared spectroscopy-derived frontal lobe oxygenation (ScO2) at rest and during exercise. At rest, nine healthy male subjects received bolus injections of phenylephrine (0.1, 0.25, and 0.4 mg), and changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP), MCA Vmean, internal jugular venous O2 saturation (SjvO2), ScO2, and arterial Pco2 (PaCO2) were measured and the cerebral metabolic rate for O2 (CMRO2) was calculated. In randomized order, a bolus of saline or 0.3 mg of phenylephrine was then injected during semisupine cycling, eliciting a low (∼110 beats/min) or a high (∼150 beats/min) heart rate. At rest, MAP and MCA Vmean increased ∼20% ( P < 0.001) and ∼10% ( P < 0.001 for 0.25 mg of phenylephrine and P < 0.05 for 0.4 mg of phenylephrine), respectively. ScO2 then decreased ∼7% ( P < 0.001). Phenylephrine had no effect on SjvO2, PaCO2, or CMRO2. MAP increased after the administration of phenylephrine during low-intensity exercise (∼15%), but this was attenuated (∼10%) during high-intensity exercise ( P < 0.001). The reduction in ScO2 after administration of phenylephrine was attenuated during low-intensity exercise (−5%, P < 0.001) and abolished during high-intensity exercise (−3%, P = not significant), where PaCO2 decreased 7% ( P < 0.05) and CMRO2 increased 17% ( P < 0.05). These results suggest that the administration of phenylephrine reduced ScO2 but that the increased cerebral metabolism needed for moderately intense exercise eliminated that effect.

scholarly journals The impact of 2 years of high‐intensity exercise training on a model of integrated cardiovascular regulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 597 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michinari Hieda ◽  
Erin J. Howden ◽  
Satyam Sarma ◽  
William Cornwell ◽  
Justin S. Lawley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Cardiovascular Regulation ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Exercise-Induced Lactate Release Mediates Mitochondrial Biogenesis in the Hippocampus of Mice via Monocarboxylate Transporters

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonghyuk Park ◽  
Jimmy Kim ◽  
Toshio Mikami
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Mtdna Copy Number ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Extracellular Lactate ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
The Brain

Regular exercise training induces mitochondrial biogenesis in the brain via activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-coactivator 1α (PGC-1α). However, it remains unclear whether a single bout of exercise would increase mitochondrial biogenesis in the brain. Therefore, we first investigated whether mitochondrial biogenesis in the hippocampus is affected by a single bout of exercise in mice. A single bout of high-intensity exercise, but not low- or moderate-intensity, increased hippocampal PGC-1α mRNA and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number at 12 and 48h. These results depended on exercise intensity, and blood lactate levels observed immediately after exercise. As lactate induces mitochondrial biogenesis in the brain, we examined the effects of acute lactate administration on blood and hippocampal extracellular lactate concentration by in vivo microdialysis. Intraperitoneal (I.P.) lactate injection increased hippocampal extracellular lactate concentration to the same as blood lactate level, promoting PGC-1α mRNA expression in the hippocampus. However, this was suppressed by administering UK5099, a lactate transporter inhibitor, before lactate injection. I.P. UK5099 administration did not affect running performance and blood lactate concentration immediately after exercise but attenuated exercise-induced hippocampal PGC-1α mRNA and mtDNA copy number. In addition, hippocampal monocarboxylate transporters (MCT)1, MCT2, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression, except MCT4, also increased after high-intensity exercise, which was abolished by UK5099 administration. Further, injection of 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-arabinitol (glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor) into the hippocampus before high-intensity exercise suppressed glycogen consumption during exercise, but hippocampal lactate, PGC-1α, MCT1, and MCT2 mRNA concentrations were not altered after exercise. These results indicate that the increased blood lactate released from skeletal muscle may induce hippocampal mitochondrial biogenesis and BDNF expression by inducing MCT expression in mice, especially during short-term high-intensity exercise. Thus, a single bout of exercise above the lactate threshold could provide an effective strategy for increasing mitochondrial biogenesis in the hippocampus.

scholarly journals Altering Visual Feedback Conditions Impacts Postural Sway Performance in Children After Controlling for Body Mass Index and Habitual Physical Activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Duncan ◽  
Elizabeth Bryant ◽  
Mike Price ◽  
Samuel Oxford ◽  
Emma Eyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Computerized Posturography ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Anterior Posterior

This study examined postural sway in children in eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) conditions, controlling for body mass index (BMI) and physical activity (PA). Sixty two children (aged 8–11years) underwent sway assessment using computerized posturography from which 95% ellipse sway area, anterior/posterior (AP) sway, medial/lateral (ML) sway displacement and sway velocity were assessed. Six trials were performed alternatively in EO and EC. BMI (kg/m2) was determined from height and mass. PA was determined using sealed pedometry. AP amplitude (p = .038), ML amplitude (p = .001), 95% ellipse (p = .0001), and sway velocity (p = .012) were higher in EC compared with EO conditions. BMI and PA were not significant as covariates. None of the sway variables were significantly related to PA. However, sway velocity during EO (p = .0001) and EC (p = .0001) was significantly related to BMI. These results indicate that sway is poorer when vision is removed, that BMI influences sway velocity, but that pedometer-assessed PA was not associated with postural sway.

scholarly journals The Ability of Gymnastics Motoric Perceptual Based on Local Culture for Early Childhood in Aceh Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 749-762
Author(s):  
Muhammad Riski Kurniawan ◽  
Syamsulrizal Syamsulrizal ◽  
Razali Razali ◽  
Israwati Israwati
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Tennis Ball ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Perceptual Ability ◽  
The Impact

Local culture-based gymnastics is a combination of Seudati dance with Saman dances movements as well as cheerful healthy exercises that are already in kindergarten. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the implementation of local culture-based exercise on the motorized perceptual ability of early childhood in Banda Aceh Kindergarten. This study uses a quantitative approach to the type of experimental research. Population and a sample of 30 students were selected by purposive sampling. Data collection techniques of motoric perceptual ability using tests: (1) Standing on the beam while touching the limbs as instructed by the teacher with eyes open, (2 ) Standing on the beam while touching the body as instructed by the teacher with eyes closed, (3) Jumping and landing in a line with two feet pressed together as instructed by the teacher with eyes open, (4) Jumping and landing in a line with two feet pressed together as instructed by the teacher with eyes closed , (5) Walking in balance, (6) Throwing a tennis ball into a basket with a distance of 2 meters. Before the data is analyzed, the research data is tested for the analysis requirements, namely the normality and homogeneity test. Then the data is analyzed using the t-test. Based on the results of data analysis obtained t count (18.455)> t table (2.045), thus it can be concluded that there is a significant influence between local culture-based exercise on the motoric perceptual ability of early childhood in Aceh kindergarten.      

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