scholarly journals Efficiency of fertilizer application on seed stands of birdsfoot trefoil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Zolotarev
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
First Year ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Low Potassium ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Seed Crops

On sod-podzolic medium-loamy soils of the Central Non-Chernozem region of Russia with an average availability of mobile forms of phosphorus and an average close to low potassium content, high efficiency of using potash fertilizer together with phosphorus on birdsfoot trefoil seed crops was established. Effective doses of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, providing an increase in seed yield in the first year by 42–47% and, according to the aftereffect, in the second year by 17–33%, are the application of P30–60K90–120. Keywords: Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), seed herbage, phosphoric and potash mineral fertilizers, yield, seeds, sowing qualities.

scholarly journals Economic efficiency of seedling method of growing Melissa officinalis L. under drip irrigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
N. Pryvedeniuk
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
First Year ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The Cost

An economic evaluation of seedling cultivation of lemon balm under drip irrigation was carried out. The profitability of growing the crop with different number of planted plants per unit area is calculated. It was found that the costs in the first year of growing lemon balm can range from 165.5 to 209.4 thousand UAH/ha, for the second year of cultivation from 154.8 to 171.3 thousand UAH/ha. The highest economic indicators were obtained in the variant with a planting density of 55.6 thousand plants/ha, where the level of profitability was 24% in the first year and 118% in the second year of cultivation. The cost structure is analyzed and the factors that most significantly affect the cost of raw materials are identified. The high efficiency of the seedling method of growing lemon balm in the conditions of drip irrigation as a means of intensification of growing technology is proved.

scholarly journals The key to successful second year white clover seed crops

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
B.L. Mccloy ◽  
S.R. White
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Block Design ◽  
First Year ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Mature Flower ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Clover Seed ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Rotary Type

In recent years there has been an increase in the number of white clover seed crops taken for a second harvest. Traditionally yields from second year crops are substantially lower than first year crops. A trial was established investigating techniques to increase yields in second year crops. The trial was located in a dryland crop of white clover (cv. Grasslands Demand) 4 km east of Methven, mid Canterbury. It involved 10 herbicide treatments and 8 'inter-row' treatments arranged in a split block design. Number of mature flower heads were recorded on all treatments at harvest as an indirect estimate of yield. Additionally, selected treatments were cut and collected using a rotary type mower, threshed, and machine dressed for direct estimates of seed yield. Flower number and machine dressed seed yield were significantly (P

Seasonal dynamics of lead content in sod-podzolic soil in dependence of mineral fertilizer application

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-243
Author(s):  
O. A. Cheglakova ◽  
L. N. Shikhova
Keyword(s):  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Active Matter ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Active Mobilization

Influence of prolonged use of increasing doses of mineral fertilizers (NPK by 0-30-60-90-120-150 kg of active matter/ha) on contents and dynamics of acid-soluble and mobile compounds of lead in an arable layer of the sod-podsolic soil was studied during the growing season of 2016. It has been established that prolonged application of fertilizers significantly increases the content of mobile forms of the element in the soil at application of NPK in dozes of 30 and 150 kg of active matter / ha as compared to the control (average values are 0.57, 0.51, and 0.33, respectively). However, even prolonged application of large doses of mineral fertilizers does not lead to a significant increase in lead content in the arable horizons of the soil. Acid-soluble lead compounds range from 2.46 (N0P0K0) to 5.33 mg/kg (N150P150K150); the content of mobile lead compounds from 0.08 to 1.31 mg/kg of soil, respectively, at maximum acceptable concentration of 6.0 mg/kg. The content of acid-soluble and mobile lead compounds in arable horizons of sod-podzolic soil had a reliable dynamics during the growing season on all variants of the experiment. An increase in the content and acid-soluble and mobile compounds is usually observed in the first half of the growing season (end of May - beginning of June), which is probably due to the active mobilization of lead from slow-moving compounds as a result of the activation of microbiological activity under a favorable hydrothermal regime. In the same period, the portion of mobile fractions of lead to acid-soluble fractions increases. Application of increasing doses of fertilizers (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg/ha of active matter) does not always show a reliable increase in the content of the element in the corresponding variant, which is obviously due to the influence of unaccounted factors. A clearer content dynamics is characteristic of mobile lead compounds.

EVALUATION OF BROMEGRASS WHEN GROWN IN PURE STAND AND IN MIXTURE WITH ALFALFA

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-468
Author(s):  
A. T. H. GROSS
Keyword(s):  
Strain Differences ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Root Production ◽  
First Year ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Grass Stand ◽  
Second Year

The two best and two lowest yielding of nine bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) strains were as readily identified from two-year as from three-year hay yield data. Root production was not satisfactorily evaluated from four soil cores per plot. Grass stand was very variable, for both strains and management systems. Spring vigor in the first year of production tended to be associated with plant number established in the seedling year. Strains were satisfactorily characterized for spring vigor in the second year of production and third-year data were not necessary. Strain differences in fall growth and rhizome extension were more pronounced, and coefficients of variation were reduced, as the stands aged.Alfalfa seeded with bromegrass masked the grass and made it difficult to evaluate most grass characters. Bromegrass strains evaluated in pure grass swards either with or without fertilizer gave comparable results. An advantage from fertilizer application was that the coefficient of variation for hay yield was reduced.

Effect of N supply upon the seasonal partitioning of N and P uptake in young Sitka spruce (Piceasitchensis)

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1704-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. Proe ◽  
P. Millard
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
High Rate ◽  
First Year ◽  
N Supply ◽  
N Treatment ◽  
Second Year

Seasonal relationships between N supply, tree growth, and partitioning of both N and P have been studied in young trees using 15N and 32P isotopes. Three-year-old clonal cuttings of Sitka spruce (Piceasitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) were grown for 2 years in sand irrigated with a nutrient solution containing either 1.0 mol N•m−3 (low N) or 6.0 mol N•m−3 (high N). In the first year, trees received 2-week pulses of 15N and 32P to label current nutrient uptake during either a period of rapid spring growth or shortly after bud set in summer. In the second year, trees that had been preconditioned to a low-N supply received 3-week pulses of 15N at either the low rate of application or at the high rate to simulate a single application of N fertilizer. In spring of the first year, N treatment had no effect upon tree growth. Low-N trees increased the partition of 15N uptake to roots, but the partition of 32P was not affected by N supply and was similar to the partition of 15N in the high-N treatment. At the time of the later pulse, however, growth was affected by N supply and 32P partitioning to roots increased to match the partition of 15N in the low-N treatment. During the second year, the additional 15N given to Low-N trees to simulate fertilizer application was partitioned predominantly to current shoots and roots. Results are discussed in relation to the processes of internal cycling and the partition of nutrients taken up by larger trees.

scholarly journals Fertility of Leached Chernozem and Productivity of Winter Wheat Depending on Fertilizers in a Forest-steppe Zone

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. Lazarov ◽  
S.Kh. Dzanagov ◽  
A.V. Gazdanov ◽  
A.E. Basiev ◽  
Z.T. Kanukov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Relative Stabilization

The study revealed optimum doses, NPK combinations, terms and methods of fertilizer application, which provides for highly efficient use of nutrients thus maintaining the fertility of soils, high efficiency and high quality of winter wheat grains. The application of some mineral fertilizers was followed by some decrease (trend) of humus content in relation to control samples. The option manure+NPK was characterized by relative stabilization of humus condition of soil, and concerning the average humus content this option exceeded the control one by 0.32 %. Fertilizers clearly improved the nutrient status of leached chernozem under winter wheat enriching its 0–40 cm layer with mobile nitrogen (NН4+ and NO3−), phosphorus and potassium respectively by 6.0–9.2; 3.2–9.4; 9.3–36.7 and 21.5–32.8 mg/kg of soil on average per vegetation. Options with high doses of mineral fertilizers were characterized by the largest content. The application of fertilizers under winter wheat in N50−150P40−120K40−120 doses increased grain yield from 0.22 to 2.32 t/ha (6.9–72.5 %). The estimated option was the best.

scholarly journals UNDERPLANTING OF YOUNG COCONUTS UNDER ADULT STANDS OF COCONUT PALMS FOR PRODUCTION OF EDIBLE VEGETATIVE PITH OR 'UBOD'

CORD ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Gerardo D. Padrones ◽  
Millicent I. Secretaria ◽  
Severino S. Magat
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Common Salt ◽  
First Year ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Farm Productivity ◽  
Production Scheme ◽  
Second Year

The feasibility and viability of producing edible vegetative coconut pith  or 'ubod' from young coconuts planted with double plants  per hill under adult coconut bearing palms was studied at the Philippine Coconut Authority - Davao Research Center, Bago Oshiro Davao City.    The average weight of 'ubod' from double planting scheme was 5.9 kg/palm (range 2.8 -9.4 kg) on the first year of 'ubod' harvest. There was a very slight increase (average of 0.2 kg/palm) in 'ubod' weight on the second year of harvest.  The total ubod yield for two years harvesting schedule was 8.9 t/ha.   Under the Davao growing condition, cost and return analysis of 'ubod' production in double  plants per hill scheme  indicated a total net income of  P129,030  per ha in 4 years with a return on investment (ROI)  of 180%. While copra production from adult bearing palms realized a total of P 114,675 for 4 years with an average ROI of 242%.   Considering copra plus 'ubod' yield from this production scheme, the cumulative net income and ROI obtained were: P 242,389.6 and 203% respectively.   Based on the results of this study with modest fertilizer application of ammonium sulfate plus common salt (NaCl), underplanting of two young coconuts per hill (spaced at two feet away from each other) at 3 x 3 m distance between spaces of bearing coconut palms harvested at three years from field-planting is a profitable and viable production scheme to increase farm productivity. The farm income with this coconut-based production is increased by 200% compared to coconut monocropping.

scholarly journals CHANGE IN FERTILITY INDICATORS OF GRAY FOREST SOIL AND CROP PRODUCTIVITY IN THE CROP ROTATION LINK WHEN APPLYING FERTILIZERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Rafil Shakirov ◽  
Zakirzhan Bikmuhametov ◽  
Fidail Hisamiev ◽  
Faik Safiollin
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
Second Year

The purpose of the work is to study the effect and aftereffect of various types and rates of fertilizers on the change in the main fertility indicators of gray forest soil, as well as the productivity of the crop rotation link. The experiments were carried out in the grain-row unit (spring wheat - corn - spring wheat - peas) of a nine-field grain-herb-row crop rotation. The scheme of the experiment provided for the study of the following options: the calculated doses of mineral fertilizers for the formation of 4 t/ha of spring wheat grain, 40 t/ha of green mass of corn, 3 t/ha of pea grain, thermally treated granulated chicken manure in doses 1, 2, 3 t/ha, bedding manure in a dose equivalent to 3 t/ha of granulated droppings, buckwheat stubble green manure sown after harvesting winter rye. Under the influence of 1-2-3 t/ha of granulated chicken manure, the content of nitrogen (Nг) in the soil increased, compared with the control, by 73.1-81.1-112.0%, respectively, phosphorus (P2O5) - by 69.3- 79.8-91.3%, potassium (K2O) - by 90.3-140-188%; in the first year of aftereffect, Nг increased by 42.6-50.5-58.4%, P2O5- by 28.6-39.3-52.1%, K2O - by 56.1-84.8-170, 7%; in the second year of aftereffect Nг - by 13.1-21.3-44.0%, P2O5- by 40.1-51.2-74.4%, K2O - by 63.3-124.1-133.1 %. When manure was applied (42 t/ha), the amount of Nг, P2O5, K2O decreased, compared to 3 t/ha of granulated chicken manure, in the year of action, respectively, by 43.4, 19.0 and 42.2%, in the first year of aftereffect - by 16.6, 22.1, 48.1%. In the second year of the aftereffect, the values of these indicators when using manure and 3 t/ha of granulated chicken manure were equivalent. In the variant with the incorporation of buckwheat green manure, the content of mobile forms of macronutrients varied similarly to manure. Under the influence of 1, 2 and 3 t/ha of granulated chicken manure, the productivity of the crop rotation link increased, compared with the control, by 78.5, 104.3, 122.6%, respectively. The effect from the action and three years of aftereffect of 42 t/ha of manure was below the level of 3 t/ha of of granulated chicken manure by 12% (productivity growth 110.6%), buckwheat green manure - at the level of 1 t/ha of granulated chicken manure (productivity growth 80.6%) ... Depending on the type and norms of fertilizers, the profitability of production was 54 ... 196%

Effects of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Flowering and Yield of Soybeans in Nigeria

1965 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
G. P. Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
First Year ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Cropping Seasons

SummaryA NPK factorial experiment was conducted during two successive cropping seasons to study direct and residual effects of various treatments on the flower initiation and yield of soybeans. Plants were slower to reach the maximum flowering stage in the year of fertilizer application than in the following year. During the first year potassium in association with phosphorus delayed the flower forming process, whereas potassium alone hastened flowering in the second year unless associated with a high dosage of nitrogen. All the treatments gave far greater yields in the first season, suggesting that fertilizers should be applied during every cropping season. Nitrogen and phosphorus at 20 pounds of N2 and P2O5, per acre gave the biggest yields, but potassium failed to show any response. The residual responses to potassium and phosphorus during the second year were significant but not to nitrogen.

scholarly journals Productivity of common Saint-John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) by using transplant reproduction method in the conditions of drip irrigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
N. V. Pryvedenyuk ◽  
A. P. Shatkovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
First Year ◽  
St John’S Wort ◽  
St John's Wort ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Reproduction Method

The influence of plant nutrition area and mineral fertilizer rates on the productivity of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) by using transplant reproduction method in the conditions of drip irrigation was studied. It was proved that the transplant method of cultivation of St. John's wort under drip irrigation is a very effective method of reproduction of this crop. Four variants of  planting density per unit area were studied: 42 thousand plants / ha (cultivation scheme 60x40 cm), 56 thousand plants / ha (60x30 cm), 83 thousand plants / ha (60x20 cm) and 167 thousand plants / ha (60x10 cm). Yield recording of raw materials (air-dry tops) was carried out in the phase of mass flowering. In the first year of vegetation this period was in the first decade of August, in the second year – in the second decade of June. It was found that the increase in the number of planted plants of St. John's wort per 1 ha contributed to the increased plantation productivity. When having a cultivation plant density of 42,000 plants / ha, the yield of dry grass in the first year of vegetation was 3,02 t / ha. Increasing the number of plants to 56 thousand plants / ha provided 3,26 t / ha of raw materials. The highest yield of dried St. John's wort – 3,76 t / ha in the first year of vegetation was obtained in the variant with the largest number of planted plants per unit area - 167 thousand plants / ha. In the second year of vegetation of St. John's wort in the variant with the lowest plant density of 42 thousand plants / ha, the yield was 3,65 t / ha. The most productive plantation of the second year of vegetation was in the variant with a plant density of 83 thousand plants / ha, where the yield of dry raw materials was 3,96 t / ha. A further increase in the number of plants per unit area led to a decrease in crop yields. The influence of four variants of the main application of mineral fertilizers on the productivity of St. John's wort was also studied: N0P0K0 (reference), N60P60K60, N120P120K120 and N180P180K180. It was found that with increasing fertilizer application rate, the yield of dry raw materials increased. The most favorable conditions for growth and development of plants of St. John's wort developed in the variant with the maximum rate of fertilizer application - N180P180K180, where the yield of dry raw materials in the first year was 3,31 t / ha, and in the second year – 4,15 t / ha, which exceeded the reference result (without fertilizers) by 0,61 t / ha and 0,84 t / ha, respectively.

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