scholarly journals Obstetric, Neonatal, and Clinical Outcomes of Day 6 vs. Day 5 Vitrified-Warmed Blastocyst Transfers: Retrospective Cohort Study With Propensity Score Matching

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Soo Park ◽  
Ji Won Kim ◽  
Eun Mi Chang ◽  
Woo Sik Lee ◽  
Tae Ki Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort

scholarly journals Famotidine Use is Associated with Improved Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Propensity Score Matched Retrospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Freedberg ◽  
Joseph Conigliaro ◽  
Magdalena E. Sobieszczyk ◽  
David D. Markowitz ◽  
Aakriti Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Reduced Risk

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused widespread mortality and mortality. Famotidine is commonly used for gastric acid suppression but has recently gained attention as an antiviral that may inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication. This study tested whether famotidine use is associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 initially hospitalized to a non-intensive care setting.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study conducted among consecutive hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection from February 25 to April 13, 2020 at a single medical center. The primary exposure was famotidine, received within 24 hours of hospital admission. The primary outcome was intubation or death. Propensity score matching was used to balance the baseline characteristics of patients who did and did not use famotidine.Results1,620 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were identified including 84 (5.1%) who received famotidine within 24 hours of hospital admission. 340 (21%) patients met the study composite outcome of death or intubation. Use of famotidine was associated with reduced risk for death or intubation (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.42, 95% CI 0.21-0.85) and also with reduced risk for death alone (aHR 0.30, 95% CI 0.11-0.80). After balancing baseline patient characteristics using propensity score matching, these relationships were unchanged (HR for famotidine and death or intubation: 0.43, 95% CI 0.21-0.88). Proton pump inhibitors, which also suppress gastric acid, were not associated with reduced risk for death or intubation.ConclusionFamotidine use is associated with reduced risk of intubation or death in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Randomized controlled trials are warranted to determine whether famotidine therapy improves outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Famotidine Use Is Associated With Improved Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Propensity Score Matched Retrospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. 1129-1131.e3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Freedberg ◽  
Joseph Conigliaro ◽  
Timothy C. Wang ◽  
Kevin J. Tracey ◽  
Michael V. Callahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort

scholarly journals Frequently abnormal serum gamma-glutamyl transferase activity is associated with future development of fatty liver: a retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Fujii ◽  
Haruna Doi ◽  
Tetsuhisa Ko ◽  
Taito Fukuma ◽  
Toru Kadono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Liver Change ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Abstract Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is characterized by excessive hepatic fat accumulation. Some individuals frequently present elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels without fatty liver ultrasound images and other abnormal liver enzymes levels. However, whether these individuals are at an elevated risk for developing fatty liver is unclear. We compared fatty liver change rates and risk factors between individuals with frequently elevated GGT levels and those with normal levels.Methods We designed a retrospective cohort study on the basis of complete medical checkup records. One group of individuals had presented normal serum GGT levels during the observation period (Normal-GGT group, n = 2713). Another group had had abnormal elevated serum GGT levels frequently (Abnormal-GGT group, n = 264). We determined the fatty liver change incident rates before and after propensity score matching. We explored confounding factors affecting fatty changes in each group using univariate and multivariate Cox models.Results The change incidence rates were 5.80/1000 and 10.02/1000 person-years in the Normal-GGT and Abnormal-GGT groups, respectively. After propensity score matching, the incidence rates were 3.08/1000 and 10.18/1000 person-years in the Normal-GGT and Abnormal-GGT groups, respectively (p = 0.026). The factors associated with fatty liver changes in the Normal-GGT group included body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin, triglyceride (TG), fasting blood sugar, and high-density lipoprotein levels. Those in the Abnormal-GGT group were platelet counts and TG. In our multivariable analysis, BMI, ALT, albumin, and TG levels were independent predictors of fatty changes in the Normal-GGT group, and high TG level was the only independent predictor in the Abnormal-GGT group.Conclusions The incidence rate of fatty liver change in the Abnormal-GGT group was higher than that in the Normal-GGT group. Consecutive elevated GGT levels increase the risk for fatty liver, and high TG levels in those individuals further independently increase the risk.Trial registration: NA

scholarly journals Statins and clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus: a retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prateek Lohia ◽  
Shweta Kapur ◽  
Sindhuri Benjaram ◽  
Zachary Cantor ◽  
Navid Mahabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Statin Group ◽  
Statin Use

Abstract Background The pleiotropic effects of statins may reduce the severity of COVID-19 disease. This study aims to determine the association between inpatient statin use and severe disease outcomes among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, especially those with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Research design and methods A retrospective cohort study on hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. The primary outcome was mortality during hospitalization. Patients were classified into statin and non-statin groups based on the administration of statins during hospitalization. Analysis included multivariable regression analysis adjusting for confounders and propensity score matching to achieve a 1:1 balanced cohort. Subgroup analyses based on presence of DM were conducted. Results In the cohort of 922 patients, 413 had a history of DM. About 27.1% patients (n = 250) in the total cohort (TC) and 32.9% patients (n = 136) in DM cohort received inpatient statins. Atorvastatin (n = 205, 82%) was the most commonly prescribed statin medication in TC. On multivariable analysis in TC, inpatient statin group had reduced mortality compared to the non-statin group (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.42–0.90; p = 0.01). DM modified this association between inpatient statins and mortality. Patients with DM who received inpatient statins had reduced mortality (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.21–0.61; p < 0.001). However, no such association was noted among patients without DM (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.67–2.17; p = 0.52). These results were further validated using propensity score matching. Conclusions Inpatient statin use was associated with significant reduction in mortality among COVID-19 patients especially those with DM. These findings support the pursuit of randomized clinical trials and inpatient statin use appears safe among COVID-19 patients.

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