scholarly journals Intra-Articular Injection of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Loaded With Graphene Oxide Granular Lubrication Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses and Osteoporosis of the Subchondral Bone in Rabbits of Modified Papain-Induced Osteoarthritis

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aifeng Liu ◽  
Jixin Chen ◽  
Juntao Zhang ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Qinxin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Femoral Condyles

AimThis study is to investigate the effects of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) loaded with the graphene oxide (GO) granular lubrication on ameliorating inflammatory responses and osteoporosis of the subchondral bone in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) animal models.MethodsThe KOA animal models were established using modified papain joint injection. 24 male New Zealand rabbits were classified into the blank control group, GO group, UCMSCs group, and GO + UCMSCs group, respectively. The concentration in serum and articular fluid nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), type II collagen (COL-II), and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) was detected using ELISA, followed by the dissection of femoral condyles and staining of HE and Micro-CT for observation via the microscope.ResultsGO granular lubrication and UCMSCs repaired the KOA animal models. NO, IL-6, TNF-α, GAG, and COL-II showed optimal improvement performance in the GO + UCMSCs group, with statistical significance in contrast to the blank group (P <0.01). Whereas, there was a great difference in levels of inflammatory factors in serum and joint fluid. Micro-CT scan results revealed the greatest efficacy of the GO + UCMSCs group in improving joint surface damage and subchondral bone osteoporosis. HE staining pathology for femoral condyles revealed that the cartilage repair effect in GO + UCMSCs, UCMSCs, GO, and blank groups were graded down.ConclusionUCMSCs loaded with graphene oxide granular lubrication can promote the secretion of chondrocytes, reduce the level of joint inflammation, ameliorate osteoporosis of the subchondral bone, and facilitate cartilage repair.

scholarly journals Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis: problems rather than solutions?

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marie Berthelot ◽  
Benoit Le Goff ◽  
Yves Maugars
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Frequent Relapses ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Cortex

Abstract Background Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) can dampen inflammation in animal models of inflammatory rheumatisms and human osteoarthritis. They are expected to be a solution for numerous human conditions. However, in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA), subsets of subchondral BM-MSCs might conversely fuel synovitis and enthesitis. Main text Abnormal behaviour of BM-MSCs and/or their progeny has been found in RA and SpA. BM-MSCs also contribute to the ossifying processes observed in ankylosing spondylitis. Some synovial fibroblastic stem cells probably derive from BM-MSCs, but some stem cells can also migrate through the bare zone area of joints, not covered by cartilage, into the synovium. BM-MSCs can also migrate in the synovium over tendons. Sub-populations of bone marrow stem cells also invade the soft tissue side of enthesis via small holes in the bone cortex. The present review aims (1) to make a focus on these two aspects and (2) to put forward the hypothesis that lasting epigenetic changes of some BM-MSCs, induced by transient infections of the bone marrow close to the synovium and/or entheses (i.e. trained immunity of BM-MSCs and/or their progeny), contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory rheumatisms. Such hypothesis would fit with (1) the uneven distribution and/or flares of arthritis and enthesitis observed at the individual level in RA and SpA (reminiscent of what is observed following reactive arthritis and/or in Whipple’s disease); (2) the subchondral bone marrow oedema and erosions occurring in many RA patients, in the bare zone area; and (3) the frequent relapses of RA and SpA despite bone marrow transplantation, whereas most BM-MSCs resist graft preconditioning. Conclusion Some BM-MSCs might be more the problem than the solution in inflammatory rheumatisms. Subchondral bone marrow BM-MSCs and their progeny trafficking through the bare zone area of joints or holes in the bone cortex of entheses should be thoroughly studied in RA and SpA respectively. This may be done first in animal models. Mini-arthroscopy of joints could also be used in humans to specifically sample tissues close to the bare zone and/or enthesis areas.

scholarly journals Comparison of therapeutic effects of different mesenchymal stem cells on rheumatoid arthritis in mice

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Qihong Li ◽  
Jun Zhu ◽  
Hao Guo ◽  
Qiming Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Joint Destruction ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Tnf Α

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and nonspecific autoimmune disease, which leads to joint destruction and deformity. To investigate the potential of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a new therapeutic strategy for patients with RA, we compared the therapeutic effects of bone marrow derived MSCs (BMSCs), umbilical cord derived MSCs (UCs), and stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. Methods A total of 24 DBA/1 mice were infused with type II collagen to induce RA in the experimental model. MSC-treated mice were infused with UCs, BMSCs, and SHED, respectively. Bone erosion and joint destruction were measured by micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) analysis and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were measured by immunohistochemistry and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results Systemic delivery of MSCs significantly improved the severity of the symptoms related to CIA to greater extent compared with the untreated control group. Micro-CT revealed reduced bone erosions in the metatarsophalangeal joints upon treatment with MSCs. Additionally, according to histologic evaluation, reduced synovitis and articular destruction were observed in MSC-treated groups. The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the serum and joints decreased with treatment by MSCs. Conclusion Our findings suggest that systemic infusion of UCs, BMSCs, and SHED may significantly alleviate the effects of RA. The therapeutic effect of BMSCs was greater than that of SHED, while the UCs were shown to have the best therapeutic effect on CIA mice. In conclusion, compared with BMSCs and SHED, UCs may be a more suitable source of MSCs for the treatment of patients with RA.

scholarly journals Joint Distraction Combined with Mesenchymal Stem Cell Intra-articular Injection Attenuates Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanfeng Chen ◽  
Chuanwei Sun ◽  
Wenping Liu ◽  
Yuxin Sun ◽  
Sien Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
External Fixators ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Joint Distraction

Abstract Background: Conservative treatments of osteoarthritis (OA) are limited to symptom relief and novel methods to attenuate OA progression are lacking.Objective: In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of knee joint distraction (KJD) combined with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) intra-articular injection (KJD+MSCs) in OA rat model.Methods: OA rat model was established by anterior cruciate ligament transection plus medial meniscus resection in right knee in SD rat. The KJD+MSCs treatment started 3 weeks after the OA surgery. There were two other groups as knee joint distraction only (KJD) and no treat (OA). Three weeks after the treatment, distraction external fixators were removed and rats were kept for further 3 weeks. The rats were then terminated, samples were subject to micro-CT and histology examinations to evaluate the changes of the articular cartilage tissues, subchondral bone and the secondary inflammation.Results: Safranin-O/fast green staining showed that articular cartilage injury was most obvious in the OA group than that in the KJD group and the least in the KJD+MSCs group. Immunohistochemistry examinations showed that the KJD+MSCs group had the lowest percentage of MMP13 or ColX positive chondrocytes comparing to other groups. Micro-CT data indicated that the abnormal change in the subchondral region of the tibia in the KJD+MSCs group was significantly less than that in the KJD group or OA group. Finally, immunohistochemistry result showed that the knee joint in the KJD+MSCs group had the least number of CD68-positive cells among all the groups.Conclusions: Joint distraction combined with mesenchymal stem cells injection alleviated cartilage degradation, reduced irregular ossification of subchondral bone and secondary inflammation, suggesting it could be a new method to halt the OA progression.

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