scholarly journals Remnants of Native Vegetation Surrounding Do Not Affect the Diversity and Density of Birds in Brazilian Grassland-Restoration Sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaiane Weinert da Silva ◽  
Carla Suertegaray Fontana
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Grassland Birds ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Native Grassland ◽  
Surrounding Landscape

Since in general the surrounding landscape influences the species diversity and abundance in fragments of native vegetation, an amount of native-vegetation cover nearby may also positively affect communities in restored areas, regardless of the sizes of individual habitat patches. We investigated for the first time whether the species richness, total abundance, and density of grassland birds in restoration sites are influenced by the amount of native grassland in the surrounding landscape in the Brazilian Pampa. We sampled birds by point counts in five restoration sites in the most representative area of grasslands in Brazil. We established an outer buffer zone with a 1 km-radius around the point-count areas in each site, and calculated the percentage of native grassland vegetation in the surrounding landscape. Bird species richness and abundance did not show a significant response to the amount of neighboring native grassland in restored areas. Individual analyses of the density of seven bird species associated to grassland also showed similar pattern. We believe the vegetation structure in these restoration sites may already been sufficiently re-established to provide necessary resources and a suitable habitat for the birds. Even so, we assume that previously existing landscape features were important for recovery of the vegetation structure, as continuous native grassland in the surroundings. Thus, we recommend consider the landscape context as an additional issue in studies dealing with conservation strategies for recovery of grasslands in Brazil.

Bird species richness, composition and abundance in pastures are affected by vegetation structure and distance from natural habitats: a single tree in pastures matters

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Neves Godoi ◽  
Rudi Ricardo Laps ◽  
Danilo Bandini Ribeiro ◽  
Camila Aoki ◽  
Franco Leandro de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Single Tree

scholarly journals A Survey for Federally Listed Grassland Birds at First Nations Reserves

2005 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Scott D. Stevens ◽  
Troy I. Wellicome
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Grassland Birds ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Burrowing Owl ◽  
Native Grassland ◽  
Anthus Spragueii ◽  
Special Concern ◽  
Sprague's Pipit

We surveyed native and non-native grassland for federally listed grassland bird species at Reserves and/or Treaty Land Entitlements (TLE) belonging to five First Nations in the prairie ecozone of Canada. Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis – of special concern), Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus – threatened), and Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus – of special concern) were observed at five of 335, three of 361, and five of 329 survey points within their respective geographic ranges. Sprague’s Pipit (Anthus spragueii – threatened) was observed at 69 of 361 survey points and accounted for 84% of sites with listed birds. Estimates of proportions of native and non-native grassland within 400 m of survey points indicated that Sprague’s Pipit preferred native grassland. Despite special effort, the Burrowing Owl (Athene culicularia – endangered) was not observed, although a nest from a previous year was encountered. We recorded the greatest number of species and individuals on reserves located in mixed and moist-mixed grasslands that contained large portions of native grassland. In many instances, field assessments revealed unsuitable habitat at sites that remote-sensing data classified as suitable.

scholarly journals Birds of the Parque Ecológico Lagoa da Fazenda, Sobral, Ceará state, northeastern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 2037
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Brasileiro ◽  
Frede Lima-Araujo ◽  
Jamile Aragão Alcântara ◽  
Alano Sousa Martins Pontes ◽  
José André Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Urban Park ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Local Species ◽  
Richness Estimators

Natural areas within cities are important as they contribute to maintain biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems. In Ceará state, inventories of birds in human-impacted areas are still scarce. Here, we inventory bird species and estimate the species richness at Parque Ecológico Lagoa da Fazenda, an urban park in the municipality of Sobral, in northeastern Brazil. We found 82 bird species, of which 16 breed in the area, three are endemics, and three others are introduced. Despite the moderate species richness detected, richness estimators revealed that sampling was sufficient to detect most species. To maintain or even increase local species richness, we suggest the cessation of urban expansion within the park, sewage dumping, and filling of the wetland, as well as further planting of native vegetation.

scholarly journals Effects of Landscape Attributes on Campuses Bird Species Richness and Diversity, Implications for Eco-Friendly Urban Planning

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5558
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Chao Jiang ◽  
Sheng Chen ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Hui Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Urban Biodiversity ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Buffer Area ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
Landscape Attributes

Landscape changes due to urban expansion may severely influence urban biodiversity through direct and indirect effects. Hence, a comprehensive understanding of the urban expansion effects on species diversity is essential for conservation biologists, urban planners, and policymakers to help design more practical and effective conservation strategies. Here, based on monthly bird survey data of 12 university campuses distributed in the center and the Xianlin university town of Nanjing city, we first compared the differences of the campuses bird species richness, Shannon-Wiener, and Simpson indices. Then, we analyzed the effects of a variety of landscape attributes on the campuses bird species richness. Unlike other studies, we also constructed a 2 km buffer area surrounding each campus and analyzed the effects of the landscape attributes of the buffer area on species richness. We found that bird species richness was higher in the campus of Xianlin compared to those in the center. Landscape attributes played an important role on bird species richness, especially for the determinants in the buffer area. Specifically, species richness, Shannon-Wiener, and Simpson indices increased with the increasing area of water and green space both within the campus and the buffer area. Not surprisingly, bird species richness and diversity were more affected by fragmentation of the buffer area, increasing with the aggregation index and decreasing with the splitting index. Our study emphasized that landscape attributes of both campuses and buffer areas determined bird species richness and diversity, offering several practical implications for urban biodiversity maintenance and eco-friendly urban planning.

scholarly journals Bird assembly in restinga reforested areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Erich De Freitas Mariano ◽  
Arnaldo Honorato Vieira-Filho ◽  
Gustavo Alves Toledo Da Costa ◽  
Helder Farias Pereira De Araujo ◽  
Malva Isabel Medina Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
The Difference

Fragmentation is one of environmental degradation and reduction of biodiversity causes, including in bird communities, mainly in Atlantic Forest areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in richness and functional groups structure in the ornitofauna from a Restinga forest fragment and four areas with different ages of reforestation. We selected five forest fragments in a Restinga area in the state of Paraiba. A native fragment (Control Area-AC) and four fragments that have undergone a mining process and present different ages of reforestation (1989, 1997, 2001 and 2003). The avifauna samples occurred in four expeditions between November 2006 and April 2008 and counted with a total effort of 2700 net.m2 per expedition. Statistical tests verified richness differences between studied areas, as well as the composition of their functional groups. In general, 90 bird species were recorded, and the highest reforestation age area presented the highest richness (n = 51 spp.). The species richness comparisons indicated that the difference in the richness between AC and reforested areas is not statistically significant. The similarity analysis indicates that reforested areas share a large amount of species and AC has a great differentiation in composition. This differentiation is explained by the significant presence of frugivorous, nectarivorous, leaf and understory-insectivorous species. Changes in species richness and composition in degraded areas are expected and reforested areas usually have a smaller number of forest-dependent species due to the deficiency of available resources. The recovery of areas by reforestation are important conservation strategies, however there is need for management measures that promote the enrichment of these areas and the availability of resources for species dependent on environments Forest.

scholarly journals Vegetation structure as the main source of variability in scorpion assemblages at small spatial scales and further considerations for the conservation of Caatinga landscapes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-550
Author(s):  
Stênio Ítalo Araújo Foerster ◽  
André Felipe de Araújo Lira ◽  
Cauê Guion de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Habitat Complexity ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Environmental Complexity

Even at the local scale, environmental changes due of anthropogenic actions represent a source of disturbance in terrestrial ecosystems, forcing species to respond according to their ecological plasticity. Thus, stenotopic species and those with low-dispersal ability will likely be negatively affected by landscape modifications that reduce environmental complexity. In this study, we identify and quantify the effects of biotic and abiotic factors related to habitat complexity on the variation in scorpion assemblages in terms of both species’ richness, abundance and composition across 18 transects covering Caatinga landscapes with different levels of degradation. Using ultraviolet flashlights, we sampled 269 scorpions, belonging to six species and two families. The results showed contrasting patterns of species richness and abundance that depend on the level of habitat complexity. More specifically, we reported that scorpion species richness could be predicted by the number of trees, while the coefficient of variation of the diameter at breast height of trees (cvDBH) is a predictor of scorpion abundance. These findings suggest that vegetation structure is deterministic for the maintenance of scorpion assemblages in Caatinga landscapes. In addition, the cvDBH and tree number may explain 39% and 40% of the variability observed amongst scorpion assemblages in terms of richness difference and species composition, respectively. This study provides insights concerning the development of conservation strategies, clarifying the role of habitat complexity for the preservation of low-dispersal animals in neglected environments, such as those within the Caatinga domain.

Impacts of Buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare) on a Forb Community in South Texas

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Sands ◽  
Leonard A. Brennan ◽  
Fidel Hernández ◽  
William P. Kuvlesky ◽  
James F. Gallagher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Grassland Birds ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
South Texas ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Grass Cover ◽  
Canopy Coverage ◽  
Useable Space

AbstractSince the 1950s, many south Texas rangelands have been seeded with buffelgrass, a perennial C4 bunchgrass native to Africa that is believed to contribute to reductions in biodiversity. Forb species represent a critical habitat component throughout the breeding period for many wildlife species as seed (summer to fall), as green vegetative material (spring to summer), and as habitat for arthropods (spring to summer). Reductions in richness and diversity of crucial ecosystem components such as forbs and arthropods have large implications for grassland birds and other wildlife. We sampled annual and perennial forbs within 1-m2 quadrats on 15 study plots (1 ha; n = 20 quadrats/plot) at Chaparral Wildlife Management Area, in LaSalle and Dimmit counties, Texas, during 2005 and 2006. Study plots were divided into five light-buffelgrass plots (0 to 5% buffelgrass canopy coverage), five moderate-buffelgrass plots (5 to 25% buffelgrass canopy coverage), and five heavy-buffelgrass plots (> 25% buffelgrass canopy coverage). Buffelgrass in study plots was composed of naturalized plants, and was not deliberately planted. During 2005 we observed that plots with > 25% buffelgrass had a 73% reduction in forb canopy of native species, a 64% reduction in native forb species richness, and a 77% reduction in native forb stem density compared to plots with 0 to 5% buffelgrass. These trends in native forb reduction (−79% native forb canopy, −65% forb species richness, −80% forb stem density) were nearly identical in 2006, even with greatly reduced rainfall. Simple linear regression revealed negative relationships between buffelgrass cover, total exotic grass cover (buffelgrass and Lehmann lovegrass), and total grass cover and the richness, coverage, and density of forbs/m2. Reductions in diversity may have larger implications regarding ecosystem function and available useable space and densities of desired bird species such as northern bobwhite.

scholarly journals Listening to a changing landscape: Acoustic indices reflect bird species richness and plot-scale vegetation structure across different land-use types in north-eastern Madagascar

2021 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 106929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia Dröge ◽  
Dominic Andreas Martin ◽  
Rouvah Andriafanomezantsoa ◽  
Zuzana Burivalova ◽  
Thio Rosin Fulgence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
North Eastern
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