scholarly journals Cholinergic Modulation of Glial Function During Aging and Chronic Neuroinflammation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Gamage ◽  
Ingrid Wagnon ◽  
Ilaria Rossetti ◽  
Ryan Childs ◽  
Garry Niedermayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholinergic Modulation ◽  
Chronic Neuroinflammation ◽  
Glial Function

Effect Of Nhexane Extract Of Caryota No Seed On Markers Of Neurodegeneration And Fecundity In Drosophila Melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Chinonye A Maduagwuna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Chronic Neuroinflammation

Study background: Chronic neuroinflammation is a common emerging hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia among the elderly and is characterized by loss of memory and other cognitive functions.

Trombodynamics Method in the Assessment of Coagulation Parameters in Psychopharmacotherapy of Endogenous Mental Disorders

Psychiatry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
N. S. Karpova ◽  
O. S. Brusov ◽  
I. V. Oleichik ◽  
M. I. Faktor ◽  
N. S. Levchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Procoagulant Activity ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Continuous Type ◽  
Chronic Neuroinflammation ◽  
Psychopharmacological Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
First Time ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder

Background: currently, it has been proven that the pathogenesis of endogenous mental disorders is associated with the process of neuroinflammation in the brain of patients. It is also known that chronic neuroinflammation, accompanied by a violation the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. It is accompanied by the activation of platelets that generate procoagulant microparticles, which leads to a disturbance of the hemostasis system, causing an increase in blood clotting in patients. Objective: to investigate the dynamics of procoagulant activity of blood in patients with endogenous mental disorders before and after psychopharmacotherapy.Patients and methods: the study included 185 patients aged 16 to 64 years with the following mental disorders: schizophrenia with attack-like/attack-progressive/continuous type of course (F20.00–2), affective disease (F31.1–5; F32.0–3; F33.0–3), schizotypal disorder with affective fluctuations (F21.3–4). The thrombodynamic test (TD) was performed on T-2 Trombodynamis device according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Hemacore LLC, Moscow, Russia). All patients received standard pharmacotherapy according to their condition.Results: a significant decrease of procoagulant activity of spontaneous clots in the patients’ blood after psychopharmacological treatment is observed. Our data on the positive dynamics of changes in the values of TD test’s indicators in most of the examined patients suggest that a decrease in the coagulation activity of the patients’ blood as a result of treatment may be associated with the anti- inflammatory effect of antipsychotics and antidepressants.Conclusion: for the first time, it was shown that there is a positive dynamic in changing the values of the main parameters of the TD test in most patients with endogenous mental diseases. The results of TD tests can be the basis for monitoring the response to therapy.

scholarly journals Sustained hippocampal IL-1β overexpression mediates chronic neuroinflammation and ameliorates Alzheimer plaque pathology

2007 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 1595-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon S. Shaftel ◽  
Stephanos Kyrkanides ◽  
John A. Olschowka ◽  
Jen-nie H. Miller ◽  
Renee E. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Neuroinflammation ◽  
Plaque Pathology

scholarly journals Neurons and Glia Interplay in α-Synucleinopathies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4994
Author(s):  
Panagiota Mavroeidi ◽  
Maria Xilouri
Keyword(s):  
Glial Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Lewy Neurites ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Glial Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Glial Function ◽  
Presynaptic Protein

Accumulation of the neuronal presynaptic protein alpha-synuclein within proteinaceous inclusions represents the key histophathological hallmark of a spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders, referred to by the umbrella term a-synucleinopathies. Even though alpha-synuclein is expressed predominantly in neurons, pathological aggregates of the protein are also found in the glial cells of the brain. In Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, alpha-synuclein accumulates mainly in neurons forming the Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, whereas in multiple system atrophy, the protein aggregates mostly in the glial cytoplasmic inclusions within oligodendrocytes. In addition, astrogliosis and microgliosis are found in the synucleinopathy brains, whereas both astrocytes and microglia internalize alpha-synuclein and contribute to the spread of pathology. The mechanisms underlying the pathological accumulation of alpha-synuclein in glial cells that under physiological conditions express low to non-detectable levels of the protein are an area of intense research. Undoubtedly, the presence of aggregated alpha-synuclein can disrupt glial function in general and can contribute to neurodegeneration through numerous pathways. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of alpha-synuclein in both neurons and glia, highlighting the contribution of the neuron-glia connectome in the disease initiation and progression, which may represent potential therapeutic target for a-synucleinopathies.

scholarly journals The Potential Neuroprotective Role of Free and Encapsulated Quercetin Mediated by miRNA against Neurological Diseases

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1318
Author(s):  
Tarek Benameur ◽  
Raffaella Soleti ◽  
Chiara Porro
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Innovative Drug ◽  
Chronic Neuroinflammation

Chronic neuroinflammation is a pathological condition of numerous central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and many others. Neuroinflammation is characterized by the microglia activation and concomitant production of pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to an increasing neuronal cell death. The decreased neuroinflammation could be obtained by using natural compounds, including flavonoids known to modulate the inflammatory responses. Among flavonoids, quercetin possess multiple pharmacological applications including anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, antiapoptotic and anti-thrombotic activities, widely demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo studies. In this review, we describe the recent findings about the neuroprotective action of quercetin by acting with different mechanisms on the microglial cells of CNS. The ability of quercetin to influence microRNA expression represents an interesting skill in the regulation of inflammation, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and immune responses. Moreover, in order to enhance quercetin bioavailability and capacity to target the brain, we discuss an innovative drug delivery system. In summary, this review highlighted an important application of quercetin in the modulation of neuroinflammation and prevention of neurological disorders.

Cholinergic modulation of adrenergic arousal in the developing rat.

1970 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans C. Fibiger ◽  
Loy D. Lytle ◽  
Byron A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Cholinergic Modulation ◽  
Developing Rat

A14 CHOLINERGIC MODULATION OF ANTISACCADE PERFORMANCE

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S27-S28
Author(s):  
N. Rycroft ◽  
S.B. Hutton ◽  
J.M. Rusted
Keyword(s):  
Cholinergic Modulation
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