scholarly journals Quantifying an Upper Extremity Everyday Task With 3D Kinematic Analysis in People With Spinal Cord Injury and Non-disabled Controls

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamprini Lili ◽  
Katharina S. Sunnerhagen ◽  
Tiina Rekand ◽  
Margit Alt Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Daily Task ◽  
Upper Extremity Function

Objectives: Upper extremity function after spinal cord injury (SCI) is an important factor for performance of activities of daily living. An objective assessment of upper extremity function preferably in purposeful daily tasks is essential in understanding its impact on real-life activities. This study aimed to identify which movement parameters of upper extremity, measured by kinematic analysis during a purposeful daily task, are impaired in people with cervical or thoracic SCI.Materials and Methods: The study included 29 adults (mean 59.5 years, 9 women and 20 men) with cervical (n = 19) or thoracic (n = 10) established complete (n = 15) or incomplete (n = 14) SCI, and 54 non-disabled controls with commensurable age and sex (mean 59 years, 15 women, 39 men). The 3D kinematic data were captured with a five-camera system during a standardized unilateral daily task (drinking from a glass). In SCI, the upper extremity functioning of each arm was assessed with Action Research Arm Test (ARAT). Having a full score in ARAT indicated full functioning; a score of <57 points indicated limited functioning. Kinematic data from full functioning arms (n = 27) and limited functioning arms (n = 30) in SCI were compared with the non-dominant arms (n = 54) in controls.Results: In the limited upper extremity functioning group, movement time, smoothness, arm abduction, wrist angle, trunk displacement, and inter-joint coordination, but not peak velocity of the hand, angular velocity of elbow, and relative time to peak velocity, all differed from controls. In the full upper extremity functioning group, arm abduction alone was significantly different from controls.Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that apart from measures of peak velocity, kinematic measures of movement quality including movement time, smoothness, trunk displacement, and joint angles are impaired in people with limited upper extremity functioning after SCI. The study provides robust results applicable to a representative population of individuals with established cervical or thoracic SCI. The results suggest that kinematic analysis might be useful for those with limited functioning in order to get a better understanding of the specific movement impairments in daily tasks after SCI.

Brain-Computer Interfaces for Control of Upper Extremity Neuroprostheses in Individuals with High Spinal Cord Injury

2018 ◽  
pp. 809-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Rupp ◽  
Martin Rohm ◽  
Matthias Schneiders
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Brain Computer Interfaces ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Valuable Adjunct ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity Function ◽  
The Many

For individuals with tetraplegia, restoring limited or missing grasping function is the highest priority. In patients with high Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) and a lack of surgical options, restricted upper extremity function can be improved with the use of neuroprostheses based on Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). Grasp neuroprostheses with different degrees of complexity and invasiveness exist, although few models are available for routine clinical application. Hybrid systems combining FES with orthoses hold promise for restoring completely lost upper extremity function. Novel user interfaces integrating biosignals from several sources are needed to make full use of the many degrees of freedom of hybrid neuroprostheses. Motor Imagery (MI)-based Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are an emerging technology that may serve as a valuable adjunct to traditional control interfaces. This chapter provides an overview of the current state of the art of BCI-controlled upper-extremity neuroprostheses and describes the challenges and promises for the future.

Nerve Transfers to Restore Upper Extremity Function in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 780-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida K. Fox ◽  
Kristen M. Davidge ◽  
Christine B. Novak ◽  
Gwendolyn Hoben ◽  
Lorna C. Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Nerve Transfers ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity Function

scholarly journals Associations between upper extremity functioning and kinematics in people with spinal cord injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamprini Lili ◽  
Katharina S Sunnerhagen ◽  
Tiina Rekand ◽  
Margit Alt Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Clinical Assessments ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract Introduction More knowledge of the relationships between kinematic measures and clinical assessments is required to guide clinical decision making and future research. Objectives To determine which kinematic variables obtained during a drinking task were associated with clinical assessments of upper extremity functioning in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods In total, 25 individuals with chronic cervical (n = 17) or thoracic (n = 8) complete (n = 14) or motor incomplete (n = 11) SCI (mean age 58.4, SD 13.8) were included. Kinematic data, including movement time, smoothness and joint angles was captured with a 5-camera optoelectronic system during a unimanual drinking task. Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), Sollerman Hand Function Test (SHFT) and basic hand classification of the Upper Extremity Data Set (ISCI-Hand) were used as clinical assessments. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify kinematic variables associated with clinical assessments after controlling for potential confounding factors, such as, age, severity of SCI, sensory function, and hand surgery. Results Movement time, smoothness and movement pattern kinematics including trunk displacement, elbow and wrist joint angles were correlated (p < 0.05) with all three clinical scales while the velocity-related kinematics and inter-joint coordination showed low correlations. Multiple regression analysis revealed that wrist angle combined with movement time or smoothness explained 82% and 77% of the total variance in ARAT and SHFT, respectively. Wrist angle alone explained 59% of the variance in ISCI-Hand. The proprioception of the hand increased the explanatory power in the models of ARAT and SHFT. Associations between kinematics and clinical assessments in the subgroup with cervical SCI were equivalent to the whole group analyses. The number of participants in the subgroup with thoracic SCI was small and only allowed limited analysis. Conclusions Wrist angle, movement time, movement smoothness are the most important kinematic variables associated with upper extremity clinical assessments in people with SCI. The results are most valid for individuals with cervical SCI. All three assessments are appropriate for SCI. Further research with larger representative sample of thoracic SCI needed.

Improving hand function after spinal cord injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 175319342110274
Author(s):  
Jan Fridén ◽  
James House ◽  
Michael Keith ◽  
Silvia Schibli ◽  
Natasha van Zyl
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Nerve Transfer ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity Function ◽  
Improve Planning

Nerve transfer surgery has expanded reconstructive options for restoring upper extremity function following spinal cord injury. By adding new motor donors to the pool already available through tendon transfers, the effectiveness of treatment should improve. Planning which procedures and in which order to perform, along with their details must be delineated. To meet these demands, refined diagnostics are needed, along with awareness of the remaining challenges to restore intrinsic muscle function and to address spasticity and its consequences. This article summaries recent advances in surgical reanimation of upper extremity motor control, together with an overview of the development of neuro-prosthetic and neuromodulation techniques to modify recovery or substitute for functional losses after spinal cord injuries.

The Use of Nerve Transfers to Restore Upper Extremity Function in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

PM&R ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1173-1184.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida K. Fox ◽  
Christine B. Novak ◽  
Emily M. Krauss ◽  
Gwendolyn M. Hoben ◽  
Craig M. Zaidman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Nerve Transfers ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity Function

Brain-Computer Interfaces for Control of Upper Extremity Neuroprostheses in Individuals with High Spinal Cord Injury

2014 ◽  
pp. 237-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Rupp ◽  
Martin Rohm ◽  
Matthias Schneiders
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Brain Computer Interfaces ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Valuable Adjunct ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity Function ◽  
The Many

For individuals with tetraplegia, restoring limited or missing grasping function is the highest priority. In patients with high Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) and a lack of surgical options, restricted upper extremity function can be improved with the use of neuroprostheses based on Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). Grasp neuroprostheses with different degrees of complexity and invasiveness exist, although few models are available for routine clinical application. Hybrid systems combining FES with orthoses hold promise for restoring completely lost upper extremity function. Novel user interfaces integrating biosignals from several sources are needed to make full use of the many degrees of freedom of hybrid neuroprostheses. Motor Imagery (MI)-based Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are an emerging technology that may serve as a valuable adjunct to traditional control interfaces. This chapter provides an overview of the current state of the art of BCI-controlled upper-extremity neuroprostheses and describes the challenges and promises for the future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document