scholarly journals Thinking on Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Reading Interventions: Recommendations for Future Research Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjun Zhang ◽  
Hongwen Song ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Lin Zuo ◽  
Xinzhao Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Reading Interventions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Future Research Directions

scholarly journals Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Review of Recent Advancements

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gomez Palacio Schjetnan ◽  
Jamshid Faraji ◽  
Gerlinde A. Metz ◽  
Masami Tatsuno ◽  
Artur Luczak
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
Synaptic Function ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Meaningful Connections

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising technique to treat a wide range of neurological conditions including stroke. The pathological processes following stroke may provide an exemplary system to investigate how tDCS promotes neuronal plasticity and functional recovery. Changes in synaptic function after stroke, such as reduced excitability, formation of aberrant connections, and deregulated plastic modifications, have been postulated to impede recovery from stroke. However, if tDCS could counteract these negative changes by influencing the system’s neurophysiology, it would contribute to the formation of functionally meaningful connections and the maintenance of existing pathways. This paper is aimed at providing a review of underlying mechanisms of tDCS and its application to stroke. In addition, to maximize the effectiveness of tDCS in stroke rehabilitation, future research needs to determine the optimal stimulation protocols and parameters. We discuss how stimulation parameters could be optimized based on electrophysiological activity. In particular, we propose that cortical synchrony may represent a biomarker of tDCS efficacy to indicate communication between affected areas. Understanding the mechanisms by which tDCS affects the neural substrate after stroke and finding ways to optimize tDCS for each patient are key to effective rehabilitation approaches.

scholarly journals Taking Sides: An Integrative Review of the Impact of Laterality and Polarity on Efficacy of Therapeutic Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Anomia in Chronic Poststroke Aphasia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Sandars ◽  
Lauren Cloutman ◽  
Anna M. Woollams
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Language Therapy ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Anomia is a frequent and persistent symptom of poststroke aphasia, resulting from damage to areas of the brain involved in language production. Cortical neuroplasticity plays a significant role in language recovery following stroke and can be facilitated by behavioral speech and language therapy. Recent research suggests that complementing therapy with neurostimulation techniques may enhance functional gains, even amongst those with chronic aphasia. The current review focuses on the use of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) as an adjunct to naming therapy for individuals with chronic poststroke aphasia. Our survey of the literature indicates that combining therapy with anodal (excitatory) stimulation to the left hemisphere and/or cathodal (inhibitory) stimulation to the right hemisphere can increase both naming accuracy and speed when compared to the effects of therapy alone. However, the benefits of tDCS as a complement to therapy have not been yet systematically investigated with respect to site and polarity of stimulation. Recommendations for future research to help determine optimal protocols for combined therapy and tDCS are outlined.

scholarly journals Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation for treating depression: A modeling study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Csifcsák ◽  
Nya Mehnwolo Boayue ◽  
Oula Puonti ◽  
Axel Thielscher ◽  
Matthias Mittner
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) above the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) has been widely used to improve symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the effects of different stimulation protocols in the entire frontal lobe have not been investigated in a large sample including patient data.Methods: We used 38 head models created from structural magnetic resonance imaging data of 19 healthy adults and 19 MDD patients and applied computational modeling to simulate the spatial distribution of tDCS-induced electric fields (EFs) in 20 frontal regions. We evaluated effects of seven bipolar and two multi-electrode 4x1 tDCS protocols.Results: For bipolar montages, EFs were of comparable strength in the lDLPFC and in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). Depending on stimulation parameters, EF cortical maps varied to a considerable degree, but were found to be similar in controls and patients. 4x1 montages produced more localized, albeit weaker effects.Limitations: White matter anisotropy was not modeled. The relationship between EF strength and clinical response to tDCS could not be evaluated.Conclusions: In addition to lDLPFC stimulation, excitability changes in the MPFC should also be considered as a potential mechanism underlying clinical efficacy of bipolar montages. MDD-associated anatomical variations are not likely to substantially influence current flow. Individual modeling of tDCS protocols can substantially improve cortical targeting. We make recommendations for future research to explicitly test the contribution of lDLPFC vs. MPFC stimulation to therapeutic outcomes of tDCS in this disorder.

scholarly journals The Effects of Acute Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Attentional Bias in Pedophilic Disorder: A Pre-registered Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Pezzoli ◽  
Pekka Santtila ◽  
Anastasios Ziogas ◽  
Andreas Mokros ◽  
Natalia Jaworska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Attention Bias ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Child Victims ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Pedophilic Disorder

Individuals with Pedophilic Disorder (PD) experience personal and interpersonal difficulties and are at risk of sexually offending against children. As such, innovative and empirically validated treatments are needed. Recent studies have indicated that sex offenders with child victims (SOC) with PD display an automatic attention bias for child-related stimuli as well as reduced activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), a brain area involved in cognitive control, including control over sexual arousal. In the present pre-registered pilot study, we were the first to investigate whether acutely increasing prefrontal activity could reduce the putative pedophilic attention bias. To do so, we delivered a single 20-minute session of active anodal vs. sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left dlPFC to 16 SOC with PD and 16 matched healthy controls, while they performed a task requiring controlled attention to computer-generated images of clothed and nude children and adults. We collected responses unobtrusively by recording eye movements. No significant tDCS effect on visual attention to sexually salient stimuli emerged during or immediately after stimulation. From a qualitative perspective, observations were in line with a bias for sexually preferred vs. non-preferred stimuli in patients but not in controls. Importantly, active vs. sham tDCS reduced this bias across outcome measures in patients but not in controls. Based on these preliminary findings, it is worth further investigating the possibility of using brain stimulation as a therapeutic intervention for PD. Methodological improvements were also identified and discussed to assist future research.

Transcranial direct current stimulation and neuroplasticity genes: implications for psychiatric disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harleen Chhabra ◽  
Venkataram Shivakumar ◽  
Sri Mahavir Agarwal ◽  
Anushree Bose ◽  
Deepthi Venugopal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Neuronal Signalling

Background and AimTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive and well-tolerated brain stimulation technique with promising efficacy as an add-on treatment for schizophrenia and for several other psychiatric disorders. tDCS modulates neuroplasticity; psychiatric disorders are established to be associated with neuroplasticity abnormalities. This review presents the summary of research on potential genetic basis of neuroplasticity-modulation mechanism underlying tDCS and its implications for treating various psychiatric disorders.MethodA systematic review highlighting the genes involved in neuroplasticity and their role in psychiatric disorders was carried out. The focus was on the established genetic findings of tDCS response relationship with BDNF and COMT gene polymorphisms.ResultSynthesis of these preliminary observations suggests the potential influence of neuroplastic genes on tDCS treatment response. These include several animal models, pharmacological studies, mentally ill and healthy human subject trials.ConclusionTaking into account the rapidly unfolding understanding of tDCS and the role of synaptic plasticity disturbances in neuropsychiatric disorders, in-depth evaluation of the mechanism of action pertinent to neuroplasticity modulation with tDCS needs further systematic research. Genes such as NRG1, DISC1, as well as those linked with the glutamatergic receptor in the context of their direct role in the modulation of neuronal signalling related to neuroplasticity aberrations, are leading candidates for future research in this area. Such research studies might potentially unravel observations that might have potential translational implications in psychiatry.

scholarly journals Determining the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on tinnitus and tinnitus-related outcomes: protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e047191
Author(s):  
Bas Labree ◽  
Derek J Hoare ◽  
Lauren E Gascoyne ◽  
Magdalena Sereda
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionTinnitus is the awareness of a sound in the ear or head in the absence of an external source. It affects around 10%–15% of people. About 20% of people with tinnitus also experience symptoms such as depression or anxiety that negatively affect their life. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a technique involving constant low-intensity direct current delivered via electrodes on the head. It is postulated to modulate (suppress or enhance) neural activity in the region between electrodes. As such, it represents a potential treatment option for tinnitus, as well as comorbid depression or anxiety. This systematic review will estimate the effects of tDCS on outcomes relevant to tinnitus. In addition, it will determine whether there is any relationship between stimulation parameters (electrode montage, current intensity, and length and frequency of stimulation sessions) and the effect of tDCS on these outcomes.Methods and analysisElectronic searches for peer-reviewed journal articles will be performed in the Cochrane Register of Studies online (the Cochrane Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group Register and CENTRAL, current issue), PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS, KoreaMed, IndMed, PakMediNet, CNKI, AMED, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, ICTRP and Google Scholar using the following search terms: transcranial Direct Current Stimulation OR tDCS AND tinnitus OR depression OR anxiety OR quality of life OR adverse effects OR neurophys*.Searches were not limited by date. Methods are reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P). Randomised controlled trials will be included if they report at least one of the following outcomes: tinnitus symptom severity, anxiety or depression as measured by relevant validated instruments. Where available, data on quality of life, adverse effects and neurophysiological changes will also be reviewed. In addition to an analysis of the effect of each parameter, an analysis will be performed to uncover any interactions between parameters. Where appropriate, meta‐analyses will be performed.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review will make use of secondary data only. As no data will be obtained from participants directly, ethical approval has not been sought. No other ethical issues are foreseen. Findings will be submitted for peer-reviewed publication and presented at academic conferences. The results of this review will inform future research.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020185567.

scholarly journals What Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Intensity Is Best for Cognitive Enhancement?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Smucny
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Cognitive Enhancement ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Linear Dose

In a recent study published in The Journal of Neurophysiology, Ehrardt et al. report that moderate intensity (1 mA/25 cm2) transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is optimal for improving performance on a stimulus-response matching task, as opposed to a lower 0.7 mA/25 cm2 or higher 2 mA/25 cm2 dose. This result suggests that behavioral effects of tDCS do not follow a linear dose-response curve. Potential neurobiological and neurocognitive implications of these findings as well as suggested directions for future research are discussed.

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