scholarly journals Kawasaki Disease and Allergic Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Yu Huang ◽  
Ying-Hsien Huang ◽  
Mindy Ming-Huey Guo ◽  
Ling-Sai Chang ◽  
Ho-Chang Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Gamma Receptor ◽  
Acquired Heart Disease

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an inflammatory disorder with an unknown etiology. It is the leading cause of acquired heart disease, which leads to coronary vasculitis among children. Studies of frequent manifestation of allergic diseases in children with KD have been the subject of mounting clinical interest. However, evidence supporting the association between KD and allergies has yet to be systematically reviewed.Methods: In this article, we reviewed current literature regarding the association between KD and allergic diseases. References for this review were identified through searches of PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase through the end of August 2020.Results: The results of the analyses of immune repertoire, clinical, and epidemiological studies have indicated some of the characteristics of infectious disease for KD. Although some allergic disorders, such as asthma, may be exacerbated by viral infections, allergies are typically caused by an allergen that triggers an immune response, with the potential involvement of type 2 inflammation and immune disturbances leading to tissue remodeling in genetically susceptible hosts. The effect of intravenous immunoglobulin is multi-faceted and results in a decrease in activating Fc gamma receptor IIA and an increase in anti-inflammatory eosinophils. The findings from this review demonstrate that children who have suffered from KD are more likely to have allergic rhinitis than the general population and their siblings, a condition that lasts until the age of 17. When followed up as teenagers and adults, children with KD are more likely to develop urticaria.Conclusions: This review supports that allergic diseases, such as allergic rhinitis, have been demonstrated to increase following KD. Therefore, the importance of allergic diseases in patients with KD should be emphasized in long-term care. Interventions that include strategies for managing allergies in children with KD would be beneficial.

scholarly journals CASP5 and CR1 as Potential Biomarkers for Kawasaki Disease: An Integrated Bioinformatics-Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazdan Rahmati ◽  
Hasan Mollanoori ◽  
Sajad Najafi ◽  
Sajad Esmaeili ◽  
Mohammad-Reza Alivand
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Expression Arrays ◽  
Limma Package ◽  
Network Modules

Abstract Kawasaki disease (KD) is a pediatric inflammatory disorder causes coronary artery complications. The disease overlapping manifestations with a set of symptomatically like diseases such as bacterial and viral infections, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, infection of unknown etiology, group-A streptococcal and adenoviral infections, and incomplete KD could lead to misdiagnosis of the disease. In the present study, we applied weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify network modules of co-expressed genes in GSE73464 and also, limma package was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in KD expression arrays composed of GSE73464, GSE18606, GSE109351, and GSE68004. By merging the results of WGCNA and limma, we detected hub genes. Then, analyzed the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 16 patients and 8 control subjects using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) to evaluate the previous results. We assessed the diagnostic potency of the screened genes by plotting the area under curve (AUC). We finally identified 2 genes CASP5 and CR1 which were shown to potentially discriminate KD from other similar diseases and also from healthy people. The results of RT-PCR and AUC confirmed the diagnostic potentials of two suggested biomarkers for KD.

scholarly journals CASP5 and CR1 as potential biomarkers for Kawasaki disease: an Integrated Bioinformatics-Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazdan Rahmati ◽  
Hasan Mollanoori ◽  
Sajad Najafi ◽  
Sajjad Esmaeili ◽  
Mohammad Reza Alivand
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Expression Arrays ◽  
Limma Package ◽  
Network Modules

Abstract Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is a pediatric inflammatory disorder causes coronary artery complications. The disease overlapping manifestations with a set of symptomatically like diseases such as bacterial and viral infections, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, infection of unknown etiology, group-A streptococcal and adenoviral infections, and incomplete KD could lead to misdiagnosis of the disease. Methods In the present study, we applied weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify network modules of co-expressed genes in GSE73464 and also, limma package was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in KD expression arrays composed of GSE73464, GSE18606, GSE109351, and GSE68004. By merging the results of WGCNA and limma, we detected hub genes. Then, analyzed the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 16 patients and 8 control subjects using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) to evaluate the previous results. Results We assessed the diagnostic potency of the screened genes by plotting the area under curve (AUC). We finally identified 2 genes CASP5(Caspase 5) and CR1(Complement C3b/C4b Receptor 1) which were shown to potentially discriminate KD from other similar diseases and also from healthy people. Conclusions The results of RT-PCR and AUC confirmed the diagnostic potentials of two suggested biomarkers for KD.

scholarly journals Kawasaki Disease Patient Stratification and Pathway Analysis Based on Host Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiles

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5655
Author(s):  
Heather Jackson ◽  
Stephanie Menikou ◽  
Shea Hamilton ◽  
Andrew McArdle ◽  
Chisato Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Pathway Analysis ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Clustering And Classification ◽  
Infection And Inflammation ◽  
Proteomic Responses

The aetiology of Kawasaki disease (KD), an acute inflammatory disorder of childhood, remains unknown despite various triggers of KD having been proposed. Host ‘omic profiles offer insights into the host response to infection and inflammation, with the interrogation of multiple ‘omic levels in parallel providing a more comprehensive picture. We used differential abundance analysis, pathway analysis, clustering, and classification techniques to explore whether the host response in KD is more similar to the response to bacterial or viral infections at the transcriptomic and proteomic levels through comparison of ‘omic profiles from children with KD to those with bacterial and viral infections. Pathways activated in patients with KD included those involved in anti-viral and anti-bacterial responses. Unsupervised clustering showed that the majority of KD patients clustered with bacterial patients on both ‘omic levels, whilst application of diagnostic signatures specific for bacterial and viral infections revealed that many transcriptomic KD samples had low probabilities of having bacterial or viral infections, suggesting that KD may be triggered by a different process not typical of either common bacterial or viral infections. Clustering based on the transcriptomic and proteomic responses during KD revealed three clusters of KD patients on both ‘omic levels, suggesting heterogeneity within the inflammatory response during KD. The observed heterogeneity may reflect differences in the host response to a common trigger, or variation dependent on different triggers of the condition.

scholarly journals Incomplete Kawasaki disease in Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 2017 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala M Agha ◽  
Hala S Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenitis ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Childhood Illnesses ◽  
Epstein Barr

[first paragraph of article]Kawasaki disease (KD) is a hybrid condition at the junction of infectious diseases, immunology, rheumatology, and cardiology.1 KD is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology predominately affecting medium-sized vessels such as the coronary arteries, which mainly affects infants and children2. The disease itself may be the characteristic manifestation of a common pathway of immune-mediated vascular inflammation in genetically susceptible hosts3. Untreated KD may lead to the formation of coronary artery aneurysms and sudden cardiac death in children. The diagnosis of KD is based on the clinical features of fever of at least 5 days together with at least 4 or 5 other features including rash, bilateral conjunctival injection, changes in peripheral extremities, lymphadenopathy and oropharyngeal changes4. The diseases that must be differentiated from KD because of similar clinical findings include viral infections (measles, adenovirus, enterovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus), scarlet fever, staphylococcal scaled skin syndrome, toxic shock syndrome, polyarteritis nodosa, bacterial cervical lymphadenitis, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis5,6. Because each of the symptoms commonly occurs in other childhood illnesses, the disease can be difficult to diagnose, especially in children who present with an incomplete form of the disease. KD has not been previously reported from Egypt and there are special challenges in recognizing complete KD in a country where physicians have limited experience with the disease. The diagnosis of incomplete KD is thus even more challenging in this setting. 

scholarly journals Concurrent Adrenal Neuroblastoma and Kawasaki Disease: A Report of a Rare Case

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Samin Alavi ◽  
Alireza Fahimzad ◽  
Farzaneh Jadali ◽  
Farid Ghazizadeh ◽  
Armin Rashidi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Acquired Heart Disease ◽  
Made In

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology and a leading cause of acquired heart disease. It is assumed that there is an activation of the immune system by an infectious trigger in a genetically susceptible host. Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in young children. It mainly originates from primordial neural crest cells that generate the adrenal medulla and sympathetic ganglia. A diagnosis of concurrent KD and neuroblastoma in a living child has been made in only one previous report. We report the second case and review the literature.

scholarly journals MicroRNA-223 Regulates the Development of Cardiovascular Lesions in LCWE-Induced Murine Kawasaki Disease Vasculitis by Repressing the NLRP3 Inflammasome

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Maruyama ◽  
Begüm Kocatürk ◽  
Youngho Lee ◽  
Masanori Abe ◽  
Malcolm Lane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Transcriptomics Data ◽  
Acquired Heart Disease ◽  
Inflammasome Activity

Kawasaki disease (KD), an acute febrile childhood illness and systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology, is the leading cause of acquired heart disease among children. Experimental data from murine models of KD vasculitis and transcriptomics data generated from whole blood of KD patients indicate the involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome and interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling in KD pathogenesis. MicroRNA-223 (miR-223) is a negative regulator of NLRP3 activity and IL-1β production, and its expression has been reported to be upregulated during acute human KD; however, the specific role of miR-223 during KD vasculitis remains unknown. Here, using the Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract (LCWE) murine model of KD vasculitis, we demonstrate increased miR-223 expression in LCWE-induced cardiovascular lesions. Compared with control WT mice, LCWE-injected miR-223-deficient mice (miR223−/y) developed more severe coronary arteritis and aortitis, as well as more pronounced abdominal aorta aneurysms and dilations. The enhanced cardiovascular lesions and KD vasculitis observed in LCWE-injected miR223−/y mice correlated with increased NLRP3 inflammasome activity and elevated IL-1β production, indicating that miR-223 limits cardiovascular lesion development by downmodulating NLRP3 inflammasome activity. Collectively, our data reveal a previously unappreciated role of miR-223 in regulating innate immune responses and in limiting KD vasculitis and its cardiovascular lesions by constraining the NLRP3 inflammasome and the IL-1β pathway. These data also suggest that miR-223 expression may be used as a marker for KD vasculitis pathogenesis and provide a novel therapeutic target.

scholarly journals Serum responses of children with Kawasaki Disease against SARS-CoV-2 proteins

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur J Chang ◽  
Michael Croix ◽  
Patrick Kenney ◽  
Sarah Baron ◽  
Mark D Hicar
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
The Past ◽  
Acquired Heart Disease

Recently, numerous reports have suggested association of pediatric Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and Kawasaki Disease (KD). KD is a major cause of childhood acquired heart disease and vasculitis in the pediatric population. Epidemiological patterns suggest KD is related to an infectious agent; however, the etiology remains unknown1. As past reports have considered other coronaviruses to be related to KD2,3, these reports of pediatric COVID-19 related inflammatory disorder cases leads to the hypothesis of potential cross-coronavirus reactivity that would account for the past controversial proposals of other coronaviruses and these new cases. We sought to address this hypothesis by assessing the antigen targeting of biobanked plasma samples of febrile children, including those with KD, against SARS-CoV-2 proteins.

Arguments in favor of the use of modern blockers of H1-histamine receptors for the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis occurring against the background of acute respiratory viral infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Ovchinnikov ◽  
◽  
N. A. Miroshnichenko ◽  
Yu. O. Nikolaeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Therapy Regimen ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections

Allergic rhinitis is characterized by a significant prevalence among the adult population. Patients with allergic diseases have a higher sensitivity to pathogens of acute respiratory infection of the upper respiratory tract (ARVI). Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in such patients is characterized by more pronounced symptoms and greater resistance to therapy. An observational study was conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the Moscow State Medical University named after A. I. Evdokimov, during which the effect of modern antihistamines on the severity of nasal and non-nasal symptoms of inflammation was evaluated in patients who were diagnosed with the development of acute respiratory viral infections against the background of seasonal exacerbation of allergic rhinitis. The data of 50 patients divided into two groups were analyzed. In the first group (n = 25), benzhydrylpiperazinylbutylmethylxanthine succinate (Theoritin) was included in the therapy regimen, in the second – cetirizine preparations (n = 5). During the follow-up, each patient underwent a clinical assessment of the severity of nasal and non-nasal symptoms three times (1st, 7th and 14th days of follow-up), and the severity of nasal obstruction was assessed using anterior active rhinomanometry. According to the data obtained, there was a pronounced positive dynamics in both groups, while the clinical efficacy was confirmed by instrumental evaluation data. However, by the 7th day of treatment, the positive dynamics was more pronounced in the group of patients receiving theoritin as part of therapy. The use of modern antihistamines in patients comorbid for allergic rhinitis and acute respiratory diseases has a significant therapeutic effect. Theoritin provides more pronounced therapeutic effects in the early stages, which makes its further study and use of the drug for the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections against the background of allergic rhinitis promising.

scholarly journals Lifetime cardiovascular management of patients with previous Kawasaki disease

Heart ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 411-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Brogan ◽  
Jane C Burns ◽  
Jacqueline Cornish ◽  
Vinod Diwakar ◽  
Despina Eleftheriou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Coronary Thrombosis ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Acquired Heart Disease ◽  
The Uk

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an inflammatory disorder of young children, associated with vasculitis of the coronary arteries with subsequent aneurysm formation in up to one-third of untreated patients. Those who develop aneurysms are at life-long risk of coronary thrombosis or the development of stenotic lesions, which may lead to myocardial ischaemia, infarction or death. The incidence of KD is increasing worldwide, and in more economically developed countries, KD is now the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children. However, many clinicians in the UK are unaware of the disorder and its long-term cardiac complications, potentially leading to late diagnosis, delayed treatment and poorer outcomes. Increasing numbers of patients who suffered KD in childhood are transitioning to the care of adult services where there is significantly less awareness and experience of the condition than in paediatric services. The aim of this document is to provide guidance on the long-term management of patients who have vascular complications of KD and guidance on the emergency management of acute coronary complications. Guidance on the management of acute KD is published elsewhere.

scholarly journals Management of children with allergic rhinitis in the practice of a local pediatrician

2021 ◽  
pp. 212-219
Author(s):  
I. V. Koltuntceva ◽  
I. M. Gaiduk ◽  
L. V. Sakhno ◽  
S. V. Bairova
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
General Pathology ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Acute Rhinitis

Due to the increase in the weight of allergic diseases in the general pathology of childhood, the diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis in children and the management of these patients at the outpatient stage have not lost their relevance. The period of preschool and school age is characterized by a high frequency of acute respiratory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, especially acute rhinitis, rhinopharyngitis, rhinosinusitis. This daily poses to the district pediatrician the tasks of differential diagnosis of allergic rhinitis and acute rhinitis with a prolonged course. Allergic rhinitis most often does not require hospitalization and, with timely diagnosis, does not lead to serious consequences. It is known that children who are prone to allergies suffer from acute respiratory viral infections more often and more severely than their peers. An integrated approach to the diagnosis and treatment of such children with the participation of an allergist, an otorhinolaryngologist, under the constant supervision of a district pediatrician, the rational use of drug therapy can reduce the duration of the disease, improve the quality of life of the patient.The article presents generalized principles of management of patients with allergic rhinitis from the point of view of domestic and international recommendations, describes in detail the rules of life for children with allergic rhinitis, emphasizes the role of the district pediatrician in teaching parents to ensure a hypoallergenic environment of the child. The authors present a clinical example of the effective use of a combined decognensant and an antihistamine for the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections in a child with allergic rhinitis.

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