scholarly journals Generation and Detection of Structured Light: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Yize Liang
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Information Processing ◽  
Structured Light ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Free Space Optical ◽  
The Past ◽  
Integrated Devices ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Light Beams

Structured light beams have rapidly advanced over the past few years, from specific spatial-transverse/longitudinal structure to tailored spatiotemporal structure. Such beams with diverse spatial structures or spatiotemporal structures have brought various breakthroughs to many fields, including optical communications, optical sensing, micromanipulation, quantum information processing, and super-resolution imaging. Thus, plenty of methods have been proposed, and lots of devices have been manufactured to generate structured light beams by tailoring the structures of beams in the space domain and the space–time domain. In this paper, we firstly give a brief introduction of different types of structured light. Then, we review the recent research progress in the generation and detection of structured light on different platforms, such as free space, optical fiber, and integrated devices. Finally, challenges and perspectives are also discussed.

scholarly journals Shedding Structured Light on Molecular Immunity: The Past, Present and Future of Immune Cell Super Resolution Microscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Johanson ◽  
Christine R. Keenan ◽  
Rhys S. Allan
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Structured Light ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Super Resolution Microscopy ◽  
The Way

In the two decades since the invention of laser-based super resolution microscopy this family of technologies has revolutionised the way life is viewed and understood. Its unparalleled resolution, speed, and accessibility makes super resolution imaging particularly useful in examining the highly complex and dynamic immune system. Here we introduce the super resolution technologies and studies that have already fundamentally changed our understanding of a number of central immunological processes and highlight other immunological puzzles only addressable in super resolution.

scholarly journals Nonlinear wavefront engineering with metasurface decorated quartz crystal

Nanophotonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningbin Mao ◽  
Yutao Tang ◽  
Mingke Jin ◽  
Guanqing Zhang ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quartz Crystal ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nonlinear Photonic Crystals ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Wavefront Shaping ◽  
Hybrid Platform ◽  
Light Generation

Abstract In linear optical processes, compact and effective wavefront shaping techniques have been developed with the artificially engineered materials and devices in the past decades. Recently, wavefront shaping of light at newly generated frequencies was also demonstrated using nonlinear photonic crystals and metasurfaces. However, the nonlinear wave-shaping devices with both high nonlinear optical efficiency and high wave shaping efficiency are difficult to realize. To circumvent this constraint, we propose the idea of metasurface decorated optical crystal to take the best aspects of both traditional nonlinear crystals and photonic metasurfaces. In the proof-of-concept experiment, we show that a silicon nitride metasurface decorated quartz crystal can be used for the wavefront shaping of the second harmonic waves generated in quartz. With this crystal-metasurface hybrid platform, the nonlinear vortex beam generation and nonlinear holography were successfully demonstrated. The proposed methodology may have important applications in nonlinear structured light generation, super-resolution imaging, and optical information processing, etc.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation on a Hyperlens with a Large Radius Inner-Surface for Super-Resolution Imaging

Photonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Jiming Yang ◽  
Jiangtao Lv ◽  
Qiongchan Gu ◽  
Yu Ying ◽  
Xiaoxiao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Resonant Cavity ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Large Radius ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Imaging Resolution ◽  
Sub Wavelength

Hyperlensing devices have drawn great attention in recent years due to their ability to amplify the subwavelength image of objects with more detail and information. In this work, a hyperlens with a radian inner surface is designed and demonstrated. The proposed hyperlens is capable of imaging different types of sub-wavelength objects efficiently. Plasmonic resonant cavity is also employed in order to achieve a super-resolution imaging effect. Different objects are investigated to test the performance of the proposed hyperlens. As expected, our hyperlens shows better tolerance than the conventional hyperlensing designs and can achieve imaging resolution down to 60 nm for different types of objects.

The Progress of Fixed Abrasive Wire Saws in the Last Decade

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Yan Yao ◽  
Ming Huan Wang ◽  
Wei Peng
Keyword(s):  
Research Progress ◽  
Machining Performance ◽  
Diamond Wire ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Wire Saw ◽  
Diamond Wire Saw ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Metallic Bonding ◽  
Fixed Abrasive

Diamond wire saw is the leading technology for use in slicing hard brittle material. This paper provides a brief review of its research progress in the most recent years. According to the bonding material kinds of diamond wire saw, it can be classified into three main categories, i.e. metallic bonding materials, organic bonding materials, and resin bonding materials. In the past decade, several new major technical developments in fixed abrasive diamond wire saw have emerged. This paper investigates the related literature on four different types of fixed abrasive diamond wire saws, presents their manufacturing processes and machining performance, and compares the tension and anti-abrasion of the wire saws, removal efficiency of slicing, and their applications in silicon slicing.

scholarly journals Super-Resolution Imaging with Graphene

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Jiang ◽  
Lu Kong ◽  
Yu Ying ◽  
Qiongchan Gu ◽  
Jiangtao Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Imaging ◽  
The Past ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Conventional Microscopy ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Research Domain

Super-resolution optical imaging is a consistent research hotspot for promoting studies in nanotechnology and biotechnology due to its capability of overcoming the diffraction limit, which is an intrinsic obstacle in pursuing higher resolution for conventional microscopy techniques. In the past few decades, a great number of techniques in this research domain have been theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Graphene, a special two-dimensional material, has become the most meritorious candidate and attracted incredible attention in high-resolution imaging domain due to its distinctive properties. In this article, the working principle of graphene-assisted imaging devices is summarized, and recent advances of super-resolution optical imaging based on graphene are reviewed for both near-field and far-field applications.

scholarly journals Super-resolution imaging using proximity projection grating and structured light illumination

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 15155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung W. See ◽  
Feng Hu ◽  
Chin-Jung Chuang ◽  
Michael G. Somekh
Keyword(s):  
Structured Light ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Structured Light Illumination ◽  
Resolution Imaging

scholarly journals Super-Resolution Microscopy: Shedding New Light on In Vivo Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Jing ◽  
Chenshuang Zhang ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Danying Lin ◽  
Junle Qu
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relevant Field ◽  
Living Species ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Super Resolution Microscopy ◽  
Conventional Light Microscopy

Over the past two decades, super-resolution microscopy (SRM), which offered a significant improvement in resolution over conventional light microscopy, has become a powerful tool to visualize biological activities in both fixed and living cells. However, completely understanding biological processes requires studying cells in a physiological context at high spatiotemporal resolution. Recently, SRM has showcased its ability to observe the detailed structures and dynamics in living species. Here we summarized recent technical advancements in SRM that have been successfully applied to in vivo imaging. Then, improvements in the labeling strategies are discussed together with the spectroscopic and chemical demands of the fluorophores. Finally, we broadly reviewed the current applications for super-resolution techniques in living species and highlighted some inherent challenges faced in this emerging field. We hope that this review could serve as an ideal reference for researchers as well as beginners in the relevant field of in vivo super resolution imaging.

Optical Trapping, Sensing, and Imaging by Photonic Nanojets

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 434
Author(s):  
Heng Li ◽  
Wanying Song ◽  
Yanan Zhao ◽  
Qin Cao ◽  
Ahao Wen
Keyword(s):  
Optical Tweezers ◽  
Optical Trapping ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Diffraction Limit ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Optical Forces ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Photonic Nanojets ◽  
Near Field Scanning

The optical trapping, sensing, and imaging of nanostructures and biological samples are research hotspots in the fields of biomedicine and nanophotonics. However, because of the diffraction limit of light, traditional optical tweezers and microscopy are difficult to use to trap and observe objects smaller than 200 nm. Near-field scanning probes, metamaterial superlenses, and photonic crystals have been designed to overcome the diffraction limit, and thus are used for nanoscale optical trapping, sensing, and imaging. Additionally, photonic nanojets that are simply generated by dielectric microspheres can break the diffraction limit and enhance optical forces, detection signals, and imaging resolution. In this review, we summarize the current types of microsphere lenses, as well as their principles and applications in nano-optical trapping, signal enhancement, and super-resolution imaging, with particular attention paid to research progress in photonic nanojets for the trapping, sensing, and imaging of biological cells and tissues.

Nano-Illumination Based on Field Enhancement inside a Subwavelength Metallic Structure

2013 ◽  
Vol 661 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Min Ying Gu ◽  
Zeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Optical Data Storage ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Metallic Slit ◽  
Light Beams ◽  
Difference Time

A subwavelength metallic slit is proposed to generate super-strong nano-illumination. We use the finite-difference time-domain method to present that character. By changing a subwavelength slit into several slits and fixing the total volume of the air slits, we found that the energy was enhanced in the nano-slits. The more nano-slits have the better effective of enhancement. The slits also make the output light beams focusing. Because of the successive enhancement processes, the light from the nano-slit could become hundred times stronger than the incident light and accordingly could have great potentials for applications in optical data storage, super-resolution imaging, lithography, photonics, and other applications that need nano-illumination.

Study of the Molecular Architecture of Keratin Filaments by Electron Microscopy

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 118-119
Author(s):  
U. Aebi ◽  
P. Rew ◽  
T.-T. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Keratin Filaments ◽  
Different Types ◽  
10 Nm Filaments ◽  
Different Cell Types

Various types of intermediate-sized (10-nm) filaments have been found and described in many different cell types during the past few years. Despite the differences in the chemical composition among the different types of filaments, they all yield common structural features: they are usually up to several microns long and have a diameter of 7 to 10 nm; there is evidence that they are made of several 2 to 3.5 nm wide protofilaments which are helically wound around each other; the secondary structure of the polypeptides constituting the filaments is rich in ∞-helix. However a detailed description of their structural organization is lacking to date.

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