scholarly journals The Behavior of Consumers and Producers of Food of Animal Origin and Their Impacts in One Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Maramarque Nespolo
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Human Health ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Consumption Habits ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Most people consume animal foods, for example meats, but few are concerned with the quality and origin of these products. Many studies point out hygiene problems of these foods after production; however, the lack of knowledge of the consumers of animal products about the importance of hygienic-sanitary control during the production process can lead them to a bad choice when buying these products and, consequently, expose themselves to the risk of acquiring many diseases, such as zoonosis. In this perspective, the objective of this work is to reflect about the consumers' role in the production of safe food of animal origin and to show that the population's health education is necessary and urgent. Only by helping the consumers to obtain knowledge about the production of animal products origin will there be a change in consumption habits, preventing the ingestion of contaminated foods that can cause damage to human health and to the environment, consequently, promoting one's health.

Responding to the increasing global demand for animal products: implications for the livelihoods of livestock producers in developing countries

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Thomas ◽  
D. Rangnekar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Global Demand

Livestock production currently accounts for some 40% of the gross value of world agricultural production, and its share is rising (FAO, 2002). Livestock production is the largest user of agricultural land; directly through grazing of pastures and indirectly through the production of forage crops and other feeds. Over the next 20 years, there will be a massive increase in demand for food of animal origin in developing countries, and this increase will be greater than for either the major cereals or roots and tubers (IFPRI, 1995; Delgado et al., 1999).

8.1 Appraisal and finance of intensive animal production schemes

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 439-448
Author(s):  
W. Schaefer-Kehnert
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Wide Experience ◽  
The One

It is a world-wide experience that economic growth creates an increasing demand for food of animal origin, and, once a certain income level is reached, the demand for food of vegetable origin shrinks. Therefore, the proportion of animal products in the human diet is almost an indicator of the income level achieved by certain population groups or whole countries (excluding vegetarian societies on the one hand and pastoral societies on the other). FAO's provisional food balance sheets (FAO, 1977) indicate that, in most low income countries, animal products contribute less than 10% to total energy intake, whereas in high income countries they contribute almost 50%

scholarly journals Physiologically based toxicokinetic models and in silico predicted partition coefficients to estimate tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin transfer from feed into growing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Savvateeva ◽  
Jorge Numata ◽  
Robert Pieper ◽  
Helmut Schafft ◽  
Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Physiologically Based

AbstractTetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a ubiquitous, toxic, persistent and bioaccumulative organic pollutant. TCDD can potentially enter the food chain through contaminated food of animal origin as a consequence of feed contamination. Prediction of the TCDD transfer from feed into animal products is thus important for human health risk assessment. Here, we develop several physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) models of TCDD transfer from contaminated feed into growing pigs (Sus scrofa) exposed to doses ranging from 24.52 to 3269.25 ng of TCDD. We test the consequences of explicit dose-dependent absorption (DDA) versus the indirect effects of a self-induced liver metabolism (SIM). The DDA and SIM models showed similar fit to experimental data, although currently it is not possible to unequivocally make statement on a mechanistic preference. The performance of both toxicokinetic models was successfully evaluated using the 1999 Belgian case of contaminated fats for feeding. In combination with toxicokinetic models of other dioxin congeners, they can be used to formulate maximum allowance levels of dioxins in feedstuffs for pigs. Additionally, the implementation of in silico-predicted partition coefficients was explored as a useful alternative to predict TCDD tissue distribution in low-dose scenarios without recurring to animal experiments.

scholarly journals Pesticide Residues in Selected Food Commodities: Results from the Danish National Pesticide Monitoring Program 1995-1996

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
René K Juhler ◽  
Milter Green Lauridsen ◽  
Mette Rindom Christensen ◽  
Gudrun Hilbert
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Chlorinated Pesticides ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Pesticide Monitoring ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Meat Samples

Abstract The paper presents results of analyses of 4182 samples collected from January 1995 to December 1996 for the Danish National Pesticide Monitoring Program. The program basis is a random sample control supplemented with a target control. The objectives of the control are to monitor consumer exposure to health hazards and to enforce national and European Community regulations. The Danish Veterinary and Food Administration is responsible for establishing methods, data manipulation, and evaluation, but actual analyses are performed at 4 regional laboratories. In addition to a description of the Danish National Pesticide Monitoring Program on food, the effects of lowering the reporting limits are discussed. Pesticides included are those in current use as well as chlorinated pesticides like lindane, DDT, and HCB, occurring in food now primarily as a result of environmental contamination. Commodities analyzed are fruits, vegetables, cereals, bran, fish, and animal products such as meat, butter, cheese, fat, and eggs. In fruits and vegetables, residues were detected in 10% of 2515 samples, with higher incidences of detection for foreign commodities. Violation rate was 0.6%. In food of animal origin, low levels of organo- chlorine pesticides were detected in most fish samples and in more than half of the animal product samples. However, no results exceeding maximum residue limits were found. No residues of organo- phosphorus pesticides were detected in the 231 meat samples analyzed.

Ochratoxin A in food and urine: a nationwide Portuguese two-year study

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C. Duarte ◽  
C.M. Lino ◽  
A. Pena
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
The Individual

Several toxic effects have been described after exposure to ochratoxin A (OTA), which can enter the human diet directly through food or through animal products via carry-over from contaminated feed. To assess the exposure of the Portuguese population to OTA, a study over a two-year period was conducted. It involved analysis of 472 morning urine samples from inhabitants of four regions, together with a survey of regional bread (738) and pork (254) samples. These foodstuffs are two staple foods in the Portuguese and Mediterranean diet that present a high and widespread consumption by the majority of the population. The bread samples analysed showed a low level of contamination, although the contamination range was broad and some of the samples exceeded the maximum level established in the European Union. Maize bread (broa), especially when made by mixing with rye, was the most contaminated, followed by whole grain-, rye- and wheat-based bread. However, the latter contributed more to OTA exposure, because they were more commonly consumed. Even though the occurrence was rather low, the average OTA amount in pork was relatively high compared to previous national and other surveys. The observed high within-subject variability of OTA in urine limited the use of this biomarker of exposure at the individual level, but not on a population or subgroup of subjects scale. Among the studied population, a widespread exposure was confirmed by the high frequency of OTA contamination in urine, although characterised by a low average contamination level. Independent of region or population, pork appears to be the main contributor to the daily OTA intake in Portugal. These data were clearly in contrast with previous studies showing that cereals and their derived products were the major contributors, while food of animal origin only contributed a small part to the total human dietary OTA exposure.

scholarly journals The application of biotechnology in animal nutrition

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Sefer ◽  
Radmila Markovic ◽  
Jelena Nedeljkovic-Trailovic ◽  
Branko Petrujkic ◽  
Stamen Radulovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Good Production ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Atmosphere Pollution ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
The Impact

Animal food has to incorporate multiple objectives, ie. it should provide good animal health, good production and reproductive performance, reduce pollution of the environment as well as have the impact on food of animal origin, by supplying it, in addition to basic nutrients, with certain useful substances that can act preventively on the occurrence of various diseases in humans in modern living conditions. This complex task implies the application of scientific knowledge concerning biotechnology in the field of animal feed production, and also includes the use of specific nutrients that are the result of the latest developments in specific disciplines such as molecular biology and genetic engineering. As a result of researches in these areas there were created some varieties of cereals and legumes with improved nutritional properties. On the other hand, obtaining a safe food of animal origin product imposes the use of substances of natural origin (such as probiotics, prebiotics, phytobiotics, enzymes, chelating forms ..), which provide better digestibility and more complete utilization of certain nutrients from the feedstuff. In this way, the quantity of undigested substances are significantly reduced as well as soil and the atmosphere pollution. The use of specific additives in animal nutrition resulting from biotechnological research is most frequent when a problem concerning certain level of production or animal health has to be overcome. This implies a group of non-nutritional ingredients which are aimed to regulate the digestive tract microflora, pH, weight gain, as well as to modify metabolic processes etc.

scholarly journals Foundation of Global Epizootiology – a New Branch of Life Sciences

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Václav Kouba
Keyword(s):  
Population Health ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
First Year ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Disease Spreading ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
And Control ◽  
Epizootic Disease ◽  
Entire Planet

AbstractGlobalization era starting in full in the 1990s brought entirely new conditions for epizootic disease spreading and control at global level. Significantly intensified global trade in animals and their products without any effective sanitary filter has facilitated mass worldwide spreading of the pathogens. Huge daily flow of exported non-pathogen-free animal commodities has led to rapid deterioration of global epizootiological situation. Never in the history did global occurrence of animal infections worsen as in present time when the amount of scientific knowledge is the largest in human history. Thus an important gap occurred in the structure of life sciences. No institution has yet started to fill this gap with missing scientific branch dealing with planet-wide epizootiological triad (animals - pathogens - environment) as with one compact dynamic biological system within the biocoenosis envelope surrounding the Earth. There has been an urgent need to develop new epizootiological methods in order to achieve desirable results in the protection of animal population health covering our entire planet. The author therefore used the opportunity provided by ResearchGate network. This made it possible to start a “Global Epizootiology” project as a new scientific branch dedicated to population health and epizootic disease control of all species of animal kingdom in the whole world. Its definition, objectives and content have been formulated. In conclusion, anthropocentric priorities have to be the protection of world human population against diseases transmissible from other species and global production of safe food of animal origin. During the first year ResearchGate Global Epizootiology Project reached 1,159 publications and update reads.

scholarly journals First ‘One-Health’ study on genome-wide comparison of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli from Human-Animal-Aquaculture-Environment continuum: a collective effort from six institutes of India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Shome ◽  
Rakshit Ojha ◽  
Suresh Mendem ◽  
Devi Murugesan ◽  
Gopalakrishna Sivaraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
One Health ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Human Animal

Summary: Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are emerging threat to the global public health. Estimates suggests >10 million deaths by 2050 due to AMR alone. Six Indian institute collaborated along with 4 UK universities to address the issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through One Health approach under NEOSTAR project jointly funded by Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India and UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), United Kingdom. To address a question “Dose AMR in livestock contributes to AMR in people? A pilot study was conducted which is a collaborative effort to collect archival microbial isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative S. aureus (CoNS). The current study deals with E. coli isolates collected from ICAR-NIVEDI, ICAR-CIFT, ICAR-IVRI, ICAR-RCNEH, IIT-Delhi and GMCH and were subjected to QC analysis at ICAR-NIVEDI’s BSL2+ facility, these isolates were further segregated into 5 components viz., Animal origin (including aquaculture) (n=50) food of animal origin (n=30), Human (community settings) (n=3), Hospital origin (n=15) and Environment origin (n=14). A total of 112 E. coli isolates sequenced for whole genome through Illumina’s HiSeq 2500 platform at Sangers Institute, UK and paired end libraries were generated for all the 112 isolates were assembled and subjected to genome characterization and gene mining through various bioinformatics tools revealed the frequency of resistance, co-resistance, and resistant genes are high and similar across Human-Animal-Aquaculture-Environment continuum in India. This emphasizes the need to collaborate and mitigate antibiotic resistance with a ‘One Health’ approach.

scholarly journals Role of veterinarian in securing sanitary hygiene of food of animal origin

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Lazar Stojanovic ◽  
Vera Katic ◽  
Olivera Buncic
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Chemical Pollutants ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin

The consumer demands that to be provided with a sufficient quantity of articles of animal origin that meet the requirements of sanitary hygiene and are available at acceptable prices. Food articles of animal origin that are safe for human consumption can be obtained only from healthy animals. Veterinarians are daily concerned with the health of animals and are taking measures to prevent the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms from animals to humans. The knowledge of epizootiology, microbiology, the sources and pathways of contamination of food articles of animal origin by microbiological and chemical pollutants, the procedures in the process of producing food articles in which such pollutants can be eliminated or reduced to an acceptable level, and the connection between these factors and human health, give veterinarians the key position in the securing of sanitary hygiene of articles of animal origin. The safety of articles of animal origin is a specialized field in the area of veterinary medicine that links all the activities of a veterinarian. In partnership with other professions, engaged in the chain of food production, veterinarians guarantee that food articles are safe for the health of consumers.

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