scholarly journals Screening of 200 Core SNPs and the Construction of a Systematic SNP-DNA Standard Fingerprint Database with More Than 20,000 Maize Varieties

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 597
Author(s):  
Hongli Tian ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Yaming Fan ◽  
Hongmei Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Dna Fingerprint ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Seed Industry ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Fingerprint Database ◽  
Hybrid Lines

To strengthen the management of maize varieties and the protection of intellectual property rights to new varieties, we constructed a comprehensive single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-DNA standard fingerprint database of 20,075 materials covering nationally and provincially approved maize hybrid lines, hybridized combinations, and inbred lines. The database was based on 200 core SNPs selected from 60 K SNPs distributed in intragenic regions, including 106 (53.0%) located in exons. Average minor allele frequencies (MAF) of the 200 SNPs in 6755 maize hybrids, 7837 hybridized combinations, and 3478 inbred lines were 0.385, 0.350, and 0.378, respectively, with corresponding average polymorphism information content (PIC) values of 0.354, 0.335, and 0.351. Heterozygous genotype frequencies of maize hybrids, hybridized combinations, and inbred lines averaged 0.48, 0.47, and 0.012, respectively. The number of different loci in the three different maize groups ranged from one up to 164, 160, and 140, respectively. The percentage of different SNPs within 5% (the number of difference SNPs is less than 10) accounted for 0.013%, 0.011%, and 0.030% among pairwise comparisons of samples within hybrid lines, hybridized combinations and inbred lines, respectively. Genetic distances between varieties based on the 200 core SNPs were highly correlated with those obtained using 60 K SNPs, with a correlation coefficient of 0.82 and 0.87 in in inbred and hybrid lines, respectively. The maize SNP-DNA fingerprint database established in this study can play an important role in variety authentication, purity determination and the protection of variety rights, thereby providing reliable, comprehensive data support for use in the seed industry.

Identifying Inbred Lines Capable of Improving Ear and Stover Yield and Quality of Superior Silage Maize Hybrids

Crop Science ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis M. Bertoia ◽  
Ruggero Burak ◽  
Marcelo Torrecillas
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Silage Maize ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Stover Yield

scholarly journals Metabolome-scale genome-wide association studies reveal chemical diversity and genetic control of maize specialized metabolites

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Shaoqun ◽  
Karl A. Kremling ◽  
Bandillo Nonoy ◽  
Richter Annett ◽  
Ying K. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Single Linkage ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Maize Varieties

One Sentence SummaryHPLC-MS metabolite profiling of maize seedlings, in combination with genome-wide association studies, identifies numerous quantitative trait loci that influence the accumulation of foliar metabolites.AbstractCultivated maize (Zea mays) retains much of the genetic and metabolic diversity of its wild ancestors. Non-targeted HPLC-MS metabolomics using a diverse panel of 264 maize inbred lines identified a bimodal distribution in the prevalence of foliar metabolites. Although 15% of the detected mass features were present in >90% of the inbred lines, the majority were found in <50% of the samples. Whereas leaf bases and tips were differentiated primarily by flavonoid abundance, maize varieties (stiff-stalk, non-stiff-stalk, tropical, sweet corn, and popcorn) were differentiated predominantly by benzoxazinoid metabolites. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), performed for 3,991 mass features from the leaf tips and leaf bases, showed that 90% have multiple significantly associated loci scattered across the genome. Several quantitative trait locus hotspots in the maize genome regulate the abundance of multiple, often metabolically related mass features. The utility of maize metabolite GWAS was demonstrated by confirming known benzoxazinoid biosynthesis genes, as well as by mapping isomeric variation in the accumulation of phenylpropanoid hydroxycitric acid esters to a single linkage block in a citrate synthase-like gene. Similar to gene expression databases, this metabolomic GWAS dataset constitutes an important public resource for linking maize metabolites with biosynthetic and regulatory genes.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization and Freedom to Operate analysis of maize hybrids from genetically modified and Colombian varieties

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Jiménez-Barreto ◽  
Alejandro Chaparro Giraldo ◽  
Julián Mora-Oberlaender ◽  
José Ever Vargas-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Maize Line ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Lepidopteran Insects ◽  
Hybrid Lines

Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most common pests in maize crops, causing important losses in Colombia. The development of insect resistant crops is an alternative to conventional pest control methods. HERCULEX® I is a transgenic maize line with resistance to lepidopteran insects and tolerance to phosphinothricin herbicides, conferred by genes cry1F and pat, respectively. In Colombia, the National Federation of Cereal and Legume Growers (FENALCE) has carried out mendelian crosses between Colombian maize genotypes and HERCU- LEX® I, with the aim of integrating the genetic elements of the transgenic line into national varieties. Three hybrids were obtained which potentially carry such constructs. In the present study, the hybrid lines and their parental lines were characterized at the molecular level. Leaf tissue was tested for presence or absence of the genes cry1F and pat and their expression as mRNA and respective proteins Cry1F and Pat. Results show that the three hybrids indeed carry the HERCULEX® I constructs. RT-PCR and ELISA analysis showed transcription of the genes and presence of the proteins. An initial approach to the Freedom to Operate analysis was carried out for HERCU- LEX® I in Colombia.

scholarly journals Response Of Maize Varieties To Sowing Dates In Inner Terai Region, Dang, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Pukar Khanal ◽  
Rupak Karn ◽  
Pratibha Budhathoki Chhetri ◽  
Samita Karki ◽  
Shrawan Kumar Sah
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Hybrid Maize

AbstractSowing dates and varieties affect the productivity of maize. A field experiment was conducted to find out the response of maize hybrids to sowing dates on growth and productivity of maize in spring season at Lamahi, Dang in 2019. The experiment was laid out in two factor factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. The treatment consisted of combination of three different sowing dates (February 1, February12 and February 23) and two maize varieties (Arun-2 i.e. OPV and hybrid Bioseed-9220).The result revealed that earlier planting on February 1 produced the highest yield (8265 Kg ha-1) which was significantly superior than latter planting of February 12(6099 kg ha-1)and February 23 (5934 kg ha-1).The higher yield in earlier planting was due to significantly higher no of kernel per ear, non-significant but higher number of cob per unit area, thousand grain weight. Similarly, Bioseed 9220 produced higher yield (7798 kg ha-1) compared to Arun-2 (5,734 kg ha-1). The higher yield of hybrid Bioseed 9220 was because of higher number of cob per unit area harvested and more number of kernel per cob. Therefore, earlier planting with hybrid maize is recommended in spring season of Dang and locations with similar climatic conditions for higher productivity of maize.

scholarly journals Natural variations in the P-type ATPase heavy metal transporter ZmCd1 controlling cadmium accumulation in maize grains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Tang ◽  
Meijie Luo ◽  
Yunxia Zhang ◽  
Huanle Guo ◽  
Jingna Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Natural Variations ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
P Type

SummaryCadmium (Cd) accumulation in maize grains is detrimental to human health. Developing maize varieties with low-Cd contents via marker-assisted selection is important for ensuring the production of maize grains safe for consumption. However, the key gene controlling maize grain Cd accumulation has not been cloned. In this study, we identified two major loci for maize grain Cd accumulation (qCd1 and qCd2) on chromosome 2 during a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The qCd1 locus was analyzed by bulked segregant RNA-seq and fine mapping with a biparental segregating population of Jing724 (low-Cd line) and Mo17 (high-Cd line). The ZmCd1 candidate gene in the qCd1 locus encodes a vacuolar membrane-localized heavy metal P-type ATPase transporter, ZmHMA3, which is orthologous to the tonoplast Cd transporter OsHMA3. Genomic DNA sequence and transcript analyses suggested that a transposon in intron 1 of ZmCd1 is responsible for the abnormal amino acid sequence in Mo17. An EMS mutant analysis and an allelism test confirmed ZmCd1 influences maize grain Cd accumulation. The natural variations in ZmCd1 were used to develop four PCR-based molecular markers, which revealed five ZmCd1 haplotypes in the GWAS population. The molecular markers were also used to predict the grain Cd contents in commonly cultivated maize germplasms in China. The predicted Cd contents for 36 inbred lines and 13 hybrids were consistent with the measured Cd contents. Furthermore, several low-Cd elite inbred lines and hybrids were identified, including Jing2416, MC01, Jingnonke728, and Jingke968. Therefore, the molecular markers developed in this study are applicable for molecular breeding and developing maize varieties with low grain Cd contents.

scholarly journals Genetic differences in digestibility of forage maize hybrids.

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
B. Deinum ◽  
J.J. Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Forage Maize ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Highly Correlated

A collection of 27 and 29 forage maize hybrids submitted for agronomic testing for 2 yr under Dutch conditions was also tested for whole crop digestibility. In 1976 (warm) and 1978 (cool) highly significant genetic differences were found in digestibility. This digestibility was only partly correlated with ear percentage (r = 0.48 and 0.46), possibly because the hybrids had already been screened for this character. However, digestibility was highly correlated with digestibility of cell-wall constituents of the stover (r = 0.85 and 0.80, resp.). Breeding for stover quality therefore appears promising. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Combining Ability, Genetic Distances, and Heterosis among Elite CIMMYT and IITA Tropical Maize Inbred Lines

Crop Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1201-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanda Dhliwayo ◽  
Kevin Pixley ◽  
Abebe Menkir ◽  
Marilyn Warburton
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

Evaluation of genetic distances between pepper inbred lines for cultivar protection purposes: comparison of AFLP, RAPD and phenotypic data

2001 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lefebvre ◽  
B. Goffinet ◽  
J. C. Chauvet ◽  
B. Caromel ◽  
P. Signoret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Phenotypic Data

Field reactions of maize varieties commonly grown in Australia to boil smut caused by Ustilago zeae

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
IK Nuberg ◽  
RN Allen ◽  
JM Colless ◽  
RE Darnell
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Insufficient Data ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Similar Classification

The reactions of 62 hybrid maize varieties and 24 inbred lines to infection by boil smut (Ustilago zeae) were studied in the field in the 1982-83 and 1983-84 seasons. Plants were artificially inoculated and the incidence of disease (DI) was assessed on the plant as a whole and at particular loci (ears, axillary buds above and below the ears, tassels and leaves). A disease severity rating (DSR) was developed based on the mass of galls at various loci relative to plant mass. Of the 86 hybrids and inbreds tested, inbred 25, with a high DI overall and severe disease at all infection loci, was the only variety found highly susceptible to disease. Nevertheless, significant (P < 0.05) differences in susceptibility were detected among other hybrids and inbreds. Thirty-six of the major hybrid varieties were classified by cluster analysis into those with low overall DI (20 hybrids averaging 1.4%), moderate DI (12 hybrids, 5.0%) or high DI (4 hybrids, 9.8%). Hybrids with high DI included GH128, GH390, QK694 and Hycorn 1. Two DSR classes were apparent, high (11.0) and low (6.1). No hybrid had both high DI and high DSR. The hybrids General and PX75 had moderate DI and high DSR, while 9 hybrids had high DSR with low DI. Insufficient data were available for a similar classification of the remaining 26 hybrids. Hybrid E368 had a high DI. Among 13 inbred lines, 12 occurred in a low DI class (average 2.3%) and one in a high DI class (A691N, 14.6%). Only one low DSR class was apparent. Insufficient data were available for a similar classification of the remaining I I inbreds, but GN7, HBc and 25 had high DI, while Y 1 had virtually no disease. Disease incidences at most of the infection loci were highly correlated within varieties, except between ear and tassel or leaf incidences, and leaf and tassel incidences, for which no correlation was apparent. No positive correlation could be found between husk cover of mature ears and boil smut incidence in the ears. Except for the locally selected inbred 25, hybrids and inbreds developed in Australia from old open pollinated varieties had about the same disease incidence and severity as material introduced from the U.S.A. over the last 20 years. An evaluation of screening methods indicated that whorl inoculation increased DI on average only from 0.8 to 2.2%. Disease incidence decreased progressively as sowing date was delayed from November to February.

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